Background
Methods
Patients
Control group (N = 54) | Type 2 diabetes (N = 122) | |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | 56 ± 14 | 59 ± 11 |
Diabetes duration (years) | - | 10.61 ± 10.26 |
Chronic complications: | - | |
● Retinopathy (%) | 29.7 | |
● Nephropathy (%)a | 32.4 | |
● Coronary Heart Disease (%) | 9.9 | |
Antihypertensive medication (%) | - | 67.9 |
Cholesterol lowering medication (%) | - | 33.6 |
Weight (kg) | 69.3 ± 11.4 | 82.1 ± 18.8* |
Waist (cm) | 92 ± 11 | 105 ± 14* |
Body mass index (Kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 3.5 | 30.2 ± 5.6* |
Laboratory analysis
Statistical analysis
Results
T2D (N = 122) | T2D phenotype A (N = 77) | T2D phenotype B (N = 45) | Control group (N = 54) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
C-reactive protein (mg/l) | 4.49 ± 4.67 a | 4.31 ± 4.52 | 4.86 ± 5.10 | 2.38 ± 3.30 |
Interleukin-6 (ng/l) | 1.84 ± 3.99 | 2.24 ± 4.95 | 1.17 ± 0.83 | 1.25 ± 1.05 |
Interleukin-8 (ng/l) | 15.91 ± 12.85 | 17.46 ± 13.74 | 13.20 ± 10.87 | 12.58 ± 9.29 |
Transforming growth factor β1 (ng/l) | 41.19 ± 30.08 | 31.35 ± 33.74 | 53.92 ± 52.82 b | 39.55 ± 42.86 |
Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (ng/l) | 198.0 ± 132.9 a | 190.6 ± 125.6 | 212.1 ± 146.21 | 154.3 ± 83.0 |
Leptin (ng/l) | 8980 ± 8194 | 9066 ± 8786 | 8787 ± 7184 | 7819 ± 5866 |
Adiponectin (ng/l) | 3272.0 ± 2671 a | 3663 ± 3044 | 2723 ± 1776 b | 5369 ± 3297 |
Baseline | After glycemic optimization | |
---|---|---|
Male/female | 27/15 | - |
Age (years) | 61 ± 12 | - |
Diabetes duration (years) | 37 ± 14 | - |
Chronic complications: | ||
● Retinopathy (%) | 59 | - |
● Nephropathy (%) | 51.3 | - |
● Coronary Heart Disease (%) | 17.9 | - |
Insulin use (%) | 75 | 85.7 |
Cholesterol lowering medication (%) | 59.5 | 59.5 |
Weight (kg) | 80.35 ± 19.52 | 80.02 ± 19.71 |
Body mass index (Kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 5.8 | 28.8 ± 6 |
HbA1c (%) | 9.5 ± 1.8 | 7.4 ± 0.8* |
C-reactive protein (mg/l) | 3.20 ± 2.86 | 3.15 ± 3.26 |
Interleukin-6 (ng/l) | 1.49 ± 1.12 | 1.29 ± 0.70 |
Interleukin-8 (ng/l) | 12.84 ± 7.57 | 13.82 ± 10.35 |
Transforming growth factor β1 (ng/l) | 41.86 ± 32.84 | 26.64 ± 26.91* |
Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (ng/l) | 224.31 ± 76.03 | 227.48 ± 132.79 |
Leptin (ng/l) | 7594 ± 8852 | 7817 ± 7295 |
Adiponectin (ng/l) | 3673 ± 3455 | 4084 ± 3927 |