Background
The Role for parent proxy-report
Method
Participants and settings
Measures
The PedsQL™ 4.0 (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Version 4.0)
PedsQL™ Family Information Form
Statistical analyses
Results
Feasibility
Internal consistency reliability
Age | Reliability | Validity | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chronic Health Condition
|
Healthy Sample
| |||||||||||
N | α | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Chronic vs. Healthy Difference | Chronic vs. Healthy Effect Size | |
2 yrs | 1,277 | 0.89 | 79.16 | 17.61 | 0.0 | 8.6 | 88.14 | 12.11 | 0.0 | 15.8 | 8.98* | 0.74 |
3 yrs | 1,232 | 0.90 | 76.90 | 18.15 | 0.0 | 5.7 | 87.96 | 11.63 | 0.0 | 13.4 | 11.06* | 0.95 |
4 yrs | 1,177 | 0.90 | 76.03 | 19.34 | 0.0 | 4.6 | 87.37 | 12.67 | 0.0 | 14.1 | 11.34* | 0.90 |
5 yrs | 893 | 0.92 | 70.57 | 19.19 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 79.91 | 15.85 | 0.0 | 7.6 | 9.34* | 0.59 |
6 yrs | 1,105 | 0.91 | 72.98 | 17.14 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 79.74 | 15.86 | 0.0 | 5.5 | 6.76* | 0.43 |
7 yrs | 1,061 | 0.92 | 70.04 | 19.12 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 78.59 | 16.53 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 8.55* | 0.52 |
8 yrs | 1,009 | 0.92 | 72.51 | 17.58 | 0.0 | 3.4 | 80.23 | 15.94 | 0.0 | 8.9 | 7.72* | 0.48 |
9 yrs | 952 | 0.92 | 69.34 | 18.32 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 78.89 | 17.07 | 0.0 | 7.5 | 9.55* | 0.56 |
10 yrs | 955 | 0.92 | 70.23 | 18.51 | 0.0 | 2.8 | 80.68 | 15.73 | 0.0 | 8.2 | 10.45* | 0.66 |
11 yrs | 768 | 0.93 | 71.26 | 18.71 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 80.95 | 16.39 | 0.0 | 9.4 | 9.69* | 0.59 |
12 yrs | 753 | 0.93 | 68.75 | 19.14 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 80.77 | 16.39 | 0.0 | 8.7 | 12.02* | 0.73 |
13 yrs | 692 | 0.93 | 71.11 | 18.24 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 80.24 | 17.02 | 0.0 | 9.8 | 9.13* | 0.54 |
14 yrs | 633 | 0.92 | 69.09 | 18.39 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 82.32 | 14.94 | 0.0 | 9.1 | 13.23* | 0.89 |
15 yrs | 605 | 0.93 | 71.20 | 17.48 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 80.67 | 16.42 | 0.0 | 12.7 | 9.47* | 0.58 |
16 yrs | 352 | 0.93 | 69.13 | 19.35 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 82.73 | 14.43 | 0.0 | 10.9 | 13.60* | 0.94 |
Age | Reliability | Validity | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chronic Health Condition
|
Healthy Sample
| |||||||||||
N | α | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Chronic vs. Healthy Difference | Chronic vs. Healthy Effect Size | |
2 yrs | 1,290 | 0.87 | 77.68 | 24.25 | 1.0 | 24.4 | 90.04 | 15.07 | 0.2 | 38.9 | 12.36* | 0.82 |
3 yrs | 1,238 | 0.87 | 76.17 | 25.05 | 0.8 | 19.3 | 90.07 | 14.24 | 0.0 | 37.6 | 13.90* | 0.98 |
4 yrs | 1,184 | 0.89 | 76.01 | 24.91 | 1.8 | 19.8 | 89.23 | 17.00 | 0.0 | 42.6 | 13.22* | 0.78 |
5 yrs | 975 | 0.88 | 68.79 | 26.36 | 1.2 | 11.3 | 79.94 | 20.64 | 0.0 | 23.8 | 11.15* | 0.54 |
6 yrs | 1,119 | 0.87 | 73.31 | 23.87 | 0.4 | 14.0 | 80.37 | 20.76 | 0.0 | 21.9 | 7.06* | 0.34 |
7 yrs | 1,084 | 0.88 | 70.88 | 26.23 | 1.1 | 14.4 | 79.52 | 21.35 | 0.0 | 23.3 | 8.64* | 0.40 |
8 yrs | 1,025 | 0.88 | 74.25 | 23.98 | 0.6 | 15.0 | 82.91 | 19.93 | 0.0 | 31.1 | 8.66* | 0.43 |
9 yrs | 963 | 0.89 | 70.47 | 24.86 | 1.8 | 12.6 | 81.52 | 21.85 | 0.0 | 32.0 | 11.05* | 0.51 |
10 yrs | 973 | 0.88 | 72.13 | 24.29 | 0.9 | 14.1 | 84.18 | 19.11 | 0.2 | 32.1 | 12.05* | 0.63 |
11 yrs | 783 | 0.90 | 73.29 | 25.16 | 1.4 | 12.8 | 82.66 | 20.95 | 0.2 | 31.2 | 9.37* | 0.45 |
12 yrs | 765 | 0.89 | 69.33 | 25.30 | 0.4 | 8.5 | 82.36 | 20.86 | 0.0 | 27.6 | 13.03* | 0.62 |
13 yrs | 701 | 0.89 | 71.50 | 23.63 | 1.4 | 12.0 | 82.37 | 21.67 | 0.0 | 32.2 | 10.87* | 0.50 |
14 yrs | 646 | 0.90 | 69.70 | 24.99 | 0.7 | 8.6 | 84.52 | 19.86 | 0.0 | 31.3 | 14.82* | 0.75 |
15 yrs | 617 | 0.88 | 72.95 | 22.16 | 0.4 | 8.4 | 82.43 | 20.48 | 0.0 | 30.0 | 9.48* | 0.46 |
16 yrs | 361 | 0.89 | 69.01 | 25.74 | 0.5 | 9.6 | 85.61 | 18.07 | 0.0 | 31.5 | 16.60* | 0.92 |
Age | Reliability | Validity | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chronic Health Condition
|
Healthy Sample
| |||||||||||
N | α | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Chronic vs. Healthy Difference | Chronic vs. Healthy Effect Size | |
2 yrs | 1,282 | 0.81 | 79.90 | 15.34 | 0.0 | 10.7 | 86.83 | 12.41 | 0.0 | 19.6 | 6.93* | 0.56 |
3 yrs | 1,239 | 0.81 | 77.32 | 16.29 | 0.0 | 7.8 | 86.41 | 12.16 | 0.1 | 16.0 | 9.09* | 0.75 |
4 yrs | 1,178 | 0.82 | 75.98 | 17.79 | 0.0 | 6.9 | 86.17 | 12.34 | 0.0 | 16.1 | 10.19* | 0.83 |
5 yrs | 897 | 0.87 | 71.66 | 18.30 | 0.4 | 2.3 | 79.87 | 15.15 | 0.0 | 8.8 | 8.21* | 0.54 |
6 yrs | 1,111 | 0.86 | 73.02 | 16.49 | 0.0 | 3.7 | 79.37 | 15.26 | 0.0 | 7.3 | 6.35* | 0.42 |
7 yrs | 1,063 | 0.88 | 69.61 | 18.56 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 78.08 | 16.11 | 0.0 | 8.9 | 8.47* | 0.53 |
8 yrs | 1,011 | 0.87 | 71.66 | 17.10 | 0.0 | 3.7 | 78.82 | 16.04 | 0.0 | 10.4 | 7.16* | 0.45 |
9 yrs | 958 | 0.87 | 68.98 | 17.68 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 77.39 | 16.81 | 0.0 | 9.2 | 8.41* | 0.50 |
10 yrs | 964 | 0.88 | 69.35 | 18.72 | 0.0 | 3.4 | 78.83 | 16.14 | 0.0 | 9.6 | 9.48* | 0.59 |
11 yrs | 769 | 0.88 | 70.18 | 18.13 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 80.00 | 16.22 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 9.82* | 0.61 |
12 yrs | 757 | 0.90 | 68.51 | 18.28 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 79.86 | 16.18 | 0.0 | 10.8 | 11.35* | 0.70 |
13 yrs | 693 | 0.89 | 70.91 | 18.45 | 0.0 | 2.4 | 79.07 | 17.18 | 0.0 | 11.3 | 8.16* | 0.47 |
14 yrs | 633 | 0.89 | 68.76 | 18.35 | 0.0 | 3.9 | 81.08 | 15.11 | 0.0 | 11.4 | 12.32* | 0.82 |
15 yrs | 611 | 0.89 | 70.22 | 17.85 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 79.62 | 16.51 | 0.0 | 15.9 | 9.40* | 0.57 |
16 yrs | 354 | 0.89 | 68.98 | 19.38 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 81.23 | 14.75 | 0.0 | 11.5 | 12.25* | 0.83 |
Age | Reliability | Validity | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chronic Health Condition
|
Healthy Sample
| |||||||||||
N | α | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Chronic vs. Healthy Difference | Chronic vs. Healthy Effect Size | |
2 yrs | 1,290 | 0.75 | 75.38 | 18.46 | 0.5 | 15.7 | 84.55 | 14.00 | 0.0 | 25.4 | 9.17* | 0.66 |
3 yrs | 1,242 | 0.77 | 75.28 | 18.07 | 0.0 | 14.8 | 83.48 | 14.52 | 0.1 | 22.2 | 8.20* | 0.56 |
4 yrs | 1,181 | 0.78 | 73.17 | 19.70 | 0.0 | 12.4 | 84.72 | 13.95 | 0.0 | 25.8 | 11.55* | 0.83 |
5 yrs | 976 | 0.79 | 71.17 | 20.59 | 0.8 | 10.5 | 79.76 | 15.88 | 0.1 | 17.9 | 8.59* | 0.54 |
6 yrs | 1,123 | 0.78 | 73.41 | 19.86 | 0.8 | 16.5 | 80.11 | 15.94 | 0.0 | 19.0 | 6.70* | 0.42 |
7 yrs | 1,082 | 0.81 | 69.74 | 21.77 | 0.4 | 13.3 | 79.64 | 16.85 | 0.1 | 21.1 | 9.90* | 0.59 |
8 yrs | 1,025 | 0.81 | 69.95 | 20.47 | 0.3 | 12.6 | 78.98 | 17.94 | 0.1 | 22.9 | 9.03* | 0.50 |
9 yrs | 968 | 0.81 | 69.10 | 20.35 | 0.7 | 9.4 | 78.88 | 17.98 | 0.3 | 19.8 | 9.78* | 0.54 |
10 yrs | 979 | 0.82 | 69.26 | 20.95 | 0.3 | 12.9 | 79.48 | 18.00 | 0.3 | 23.7 | 10.22* | 0.57 |
11 yrs | 784 | 0.83 | 67.42 | 21.88 | 0.7 | 8.2 | 80.46 | 18.02 | 0.0 | 24.8 | 13.04* | 0.72 |
12 yrs | 769 | 0.83 | 68.34 | 20.78 | 0.0 | 9.6 | 79.63 | 17.86 | 0.4 | 22.2 | 11.29* | 0.63 |
13 yrs | 702 | 0.84 | 68.43 | 21.39 | 0.7 | 10.7 | 80.32 | 18.39 | 0.0 | 24.1 | 11.89* | 0.65 |
14 yrs | 646 | 0.81 | 67.03 | 21.61 | 0.4 | 11.8 | 80.43 | 16.95 | 0.0 | 23.5 | 13.40* | 0.79 |
15 yrs | 620 | 0.85 | 69.31 | 21.96 | 0.8 | 10.0 | 79.14 | 18.86 | 0.3 | 26.8 | 9.83* | 0.52 |
16 yrs | 363 | 0.85 | 66.25 | 22.54 | 0.5 | 10.6 | 80.89 | 18.04 | 0.0 | 21.2 | 14.64* | 0.81 |
Age | Reliability | Validity | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chronic Health Condition
|
Healthy Sample
| |||||||||||
N | α | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Chronic vs. Healthy Difference | Chronic vs. Healthy Effect Size | |
2 yrs | 1,288 | 0.78 | 84.03 | 19.78 | 0.0 | 34.5 | 88.55 | 16.08 | 0.2 | 46.5 | 4.52** | 0.28 |
3 yrs | 1,240 | 0.74 | 81.08 | 19.89 | 0.0 | 28.3 | 88.89 | 14.13 | 0.1 | 42.3 | 7.81*** | 0.55 |
4 yrs | 1,182 | 0.78 | 79.76 | 20.61 | 0.5 | 27.2 | 87.75 | 16.65 | 0.2 | 44.7 | 7.99*** | 0.48 |
5 yrs | 974 | 0.77 | 74.28 | 21.33 | 0.0 | 19.8 | 81.03 | 20.23 | 0.3 | 32.2 | 6.75*** | 0.33 |
6 yrs | 1,120 | 0.76 | 74.87 | 21.68 | 0.0 | 19.8 | 80.58 | 20.42 | 0.1 | 28.8 | 5.71*** | 0.28 |
7 yrs | 1,083 | 0.78 | 72.73 | 22.49 | 0.0 | 16.0 | 78.99 | 21.30 | 0.1 | 29.7 | 6.26*** | 0.29 |
8 yrs | 1,026 | 0.77 | 77.05 | 20.72 | 0.0 | 23.3 | 80.70 | 20.93 | 0.3 | 34.3 | 3.65* | 0.17 |
9 yrs | 968 | 0.79 | 72.58 | 22.44 | 0.4 | 15.5 | 78.13 | 23.03 | 0.5 | 31.8 | 5.55** | 0.24 |
10 yrs | 979 | 0.80 | 73.14 | 23.69 | 0.3 | 19.7 | 81.41 | 20.68 | 0.0 | 33.5 | 8.27*** | 0.40 |
11 yrs | 779 | 0.78 | 76.19 | 21.27 | 0.7 | 19.9 | 82.98 | 20.07 | 0.2 | 37.3 | 6.79*** | 0.34 |
12 yrs | 768 | 0.80 | 72.09 | 22.68 | 0.0 | 19.9 | 83.03 | 19.63 | 0.0 | 36.9 | 10.94*** | 0.56 |
13 yrs | 699 | 0.82 | 77.14 | 23.19 | 0.3 | 25.4 | 81.39 | 20.95 | 0.3 | 38.9 | 4.25* | 0.20 |
14 yrs | 646 | 0.82 | 73.43 | 23.41 | 0.4 | 21.4 | 85.32 | 19.03 | 0.0 | 46.0 | 11.89*** | 0.62 |
15 yrs | 623 | 0.81 | 76.82 | 22.46 | 0.4 | 25.7 | 83.33 | 19.50 | 0.3 | 42.4 | 6.51*** | 0.33 |
16 yrs | 361 | 0.81 | 75.01 | 23.59 | 1.0 | 21.7 | 85.40 | 17.91 | 0.0 | 42.4 | 10.39*** | 0.58 |
Age | Reliability | Validity | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chronic Health Condition
|
Healthy Sample
| |||||||||||
N | α | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Mean | SD | % Floor | % Ceiling | Chronic vs. Healthy Difference | Chronic vs. Healthy Effect Size | |
2 yrs | 438 | 0.59 | 82.08 | 19.52 | 0.0 | 13.7 | 89.89 | 14.95 | 0.0 | 19.5 | 7.81* | 0.52 |
3 yrs | 592 | 0.69 | 70.71 | 24.41 | 0.8 | 10.7 | 88.31 | 16.05 | 0.1 | 23.4 | 17.60* | 1.10 |
4 yrs | 798 | 0.61 | 72.72 | 24.94 | 1.4 | 13.8 | 86.18 | 16.60 | 0.0 | 30.1 | 13.46* | 0.81 |
5 yrs | 908 | 0.74 | 69.04 | 22.62 | 1.2 | 10.5 | 78.47 | 18.93 | 0.0 | 17.6 | 9.43* | 0.50 |
6 yrs | 1,117 | 0.72 | 70.75 | 19.44 | 0.0 | 7.4 | 77.36 | 19.45 | 0.0 | 17.6 | 6.61* | 0.34 |
7 yrs | 1,068 | 0.74 | 66.23 | 22.64 | 1.1 | 7.2 | 75.65 | 19.95 | 0.1 | 17.1 | 9.42* | 0.47 |
8 yrs | 1,019 | 0.74 | 68.31 | 21.16 | 0.9 | 7.4 | 76.59 | 19.22 | 0.1 | 18.4 | 8.28* | 0.43 |
9 yrs | 962 | 0.73 | 65.31 | 21.68 | 0.4 | 5.8 | 74.98 | 20.02 | 0.0 | 16.9 | 9.67* | 0.48 |
10 yrs | 970 | 0.77 | 66.10 | 22.96 | 0.6 | 9.1 | 75.42 | 20.03 | 0.2 | 17.7 | 9.32* | 0.47 |
11 yrs | 774 | 0.77 | 67.02 | 23.06 | 0.4 | 6.0 | 76.65 | 20.16 | 0.2 | 20.6 | 9.63* | 0.48 |
12 yrs | 761 | 0.78 | 65.17 | 21.95 | 0.7 | 7.4 | 76.98 | 19.48 | 0.0 | 18.7 | 11.81* | 0.61 |
13 yrs | 699 | 0.76 | 67.22 | 21.91 | 0.0 | 9.6 | 75.31 | 21.13 | 0.0 | 20.6 | 8.09* | 0.38 |
14 yrs | 638 | 0.78 | 65.93 | 21.34 | 0.0 | 7.5 | 77.54 | 19.82 | 0.0 | 23.8 | 11.61* | 0.59 |
15 yrs | 613 | 0.79 | 64.53 | 21.69 | 0.8 | 6.4 | 76.25 | 20.42 | 0.0 | 22.8 | 11.72* | 0.57 |
16 yrs | 355 | 0.79 | 65.70 | 23.17 | 0.5 | 9.1 | 77.26 | 18.83 | 0.0 | 20.6 | 11.56* | 0.61 |