Introduction
Methods
Patient – clinical situation
Biochemical investigations at baseline and during monitoring
Technical investigations at baseline and during monitoring
Glutamine supplementation
Results
Clinical situation
Monitoring of biochemical parameters
Parameter | Baseline | End of trial | Reference range |
---|---|---|---|
Blood
| |||
Ammonia (μmol/L) |
66
|
76
| 12-48 |
Glutamine (μmol/L) |
74
| 731 | 457–857 |
Glutamate (μmol/L) | 58 | 28 | 17-69 |
CSF
| |||
Ammonia (μmol/L) |
71
|
75
| 12-48 |
Glutamine (μmol/L) |
121
|
201
| 333–658 |
Glutamate (μmol/L) | <2.5 | <2.5 | 0–5 |
Homovanillic acid (nmol/L) |
171
|
188
| 211–871 |
Creatine (μmol/L) | 84 | 56 | 17–87 |
Free GABA (μmol/L) | 0.030 | 0.037 | 0.032-0.167 |
Total GABA (μmol/L) | 8.3 | 7.47 | 3.3-12.2 |
Basal ganglia MRS
|
Reference values from age-matched comparison subjects (n = 3)
| ||
NAA (IU) |
4.2
|
4.6
| 8.3-8.8 |
Creatine + phosphocreatine (IU) |
12.0
|
10.5
| 8.4-8.6 |
Choline (IU) |
3.6
|
2.9
| 1.7-2.0 |
Myo-inositol (IU) |
6.7
|
6.4
| 3.0-4.0 |
Glutamate (IU) |
4.6
|
4.9
| 7.3-10.3 |
Glutamine (IU) |
0
|
1.4
| 3.1-6.3 |
GABA (IU) | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.4-3.7 |