Background
Methods
Data sources
Study population
Independent study variables
Outcomes
Statistical analyses
Results
Characteristic | Category | N | %a
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic/lifestyle
| ||||
Sex | male | 1208664 | 47.8 | |
female | 1320913 | 52.2 | ||
Age | 50–64 | 1479850 | 58.5 | |
65+ | 1049727 | 41.5 | ||
Education | < high school | 689570 | 28.1 | |
high school grad. | 487774 | 19.9 | ||
post-high school | 146537 | 6.0 | ||
post-high school grad. | 1132259 | 46.1 | ||
Country of birth | Canada | 1727948 | 69.7 | |
other | 750832 | 30.3 | ||
Cultural/racial origin | White | 2174040 | 87.7 | |
other | 303954 | 12.3 | ||
Household income | low-low medium | 696891 | 33.5 | |
upper medium | 720335 | 34.6 | ||
high | 661775 | 31.8 | ||
Fruits & vegetables | - | mean = 4.99 | sd = 2.32 | |
Number of alcoholic drinks | - | mean = 3.04 | sd = 5.78 | |
Physical activity | active | 584365 | 24.2 | |
moderate | 625280 | 25.9 | ||
inactive | 1205071 | 49.9 | ||
Employment status | full-time | 889514 | 36.1 | |
part-time | 216564 | 8.8 | ||
no job | 1357573 | 55.1 | ||
Clinical
| ||||
Self-perceived general healthb
| excellent – poor | mean = 2.6 | sd = 1.1 | |
Smoking status | current | 399069 | 15.9 | |
former | 1305483 | 52.0 | ||
never | 804093 | 32.1 | ||
Bowel disease | yes | 90678 | 3.6 | |
no | 2434886 | 96.4 | ||
Chronic condition | yes | 2129661 | 84.4 | |
no | 393254 | 15.6 | ||
Regular physician | yes | 2393987 | 94.7 | |
no | 134991 | 5.3 | ||
Flu shot | yes | 1516797 | 62.7 | |
no | 902214 | 37.3 | ||
Psychosocial
| ||||
Self-perceived mental healthb
| excellent – poor | mean = 2.0 | sd = 0.9 | |
Life satisfaction b
| very satis. – very dissatis. | mean = 1.7 | sd = 0.8 | |
Self-perceived stress b
| not at all – extremely | mean = 2.5 | sd = 1.1 | |
Self-perceived work stressb
| not at all – extremely | mean = 2.9 | sd = 1.0 | |
Environmental
| ||||
Health region | 43 regions | - | - | |
Provincec
| NF & B | 163555 | 6.5 | |
ON | 946484 | 37.4 | ||
SK | 178713 | 7.1 | ||
BC | 1240825 | 49.1 | ||
Residential area | urban | 2002811 | 79.2 | |
rural | 526765 | 20.8 | ||
Provincial
|
NF & B
|
ON
|
SK
|
BC
|
Number gastroenterologistsd
| 1.55 | 1.23 | 0.40 | 1.00 |
Number general practitionerse
| 1.24 | 0.83 | 1.05 | 1.10 |
Endoscopist fees f
| 125$ | 57$ | 143$ | 179$ |
Outcome | Category | N | %a
|
---|---|---|---|
Ever use | yes | 999841 | 41.7 |
no | 1395604 | 58.3 | |
Adherence to FOBT screening guidelines | yes | 356535 | 15.1 |
no | 2005605 | 84.9 | |
Adherence to endoscopy screening guidelines | yes | 490128 | 20.6 |
no | 1890047 | 79.4 | |
Adherence to current CRC screening guidelines | yes | 720899 | 30.1 |
no | 1673225 | 69.9 |
Ever use | Adherence to FOBT screening guidelines | Adherence to endoscopy screening guidelines | Adherence to current CRC screening guidelines | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | Category | OR | 95%CI | p value | OR | 95%CI | p value | OR | 95%CI | p value | OR | 95%CI | p value |
Sex | female | 0.71 | 0.57–0.88 |
0.0021
| |||||||||
male | 1 | . | |||||||||||
Age | 50–64 | 0.82 | 0.72–0.93 |
0.0023
| 0.93 | 0.79–1.10 | 0.4002 | 0.92 | 0.80–1.06 | 0.2648 | 0.89 | 0.82–0.98 |
0.0168
|
65 + | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Country of birth | Canada | 1.12 | 1.00–1.26 |
0.0599
| 1.27 | 1.13–1.43 |
0.0001
| 1.13 | 1.01–1.27 |
0.0279
| |||
other | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Cultural/racial origin | White | 1.64 | 1.29–2.07 |
<.0001
| 1.33 | 1.05–1.70 |
0.0192
| 1.42 | 1.12–1.81 |
0.0043
| |||
other | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Household income | low | 0.87 | 0.78–0.97 |
0.0113
| 0.82 | 0.72–0.93 |
0.0016
| 0.84 | 0.76–0.93 |
0.0005
| |||
medium | 0.99 | 0.90–1.09 | 0.8629 | 0.93 | 0.81–1.06 | 0.2623 | 0.96 | 0.88–1.04 | 0.2724 | ||||
high | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Physical activity | active | 1.25 | 1.09–1.43 |
0.0017
| 1.37 | 1.15–1.62 |
0.0003
| 1.25 | 1.08–1.45 |
0.0035
| |||
moderate | 1.23 | 1.13–1.34 |
<.0001
| 1.21 | 1.04–1.41 |
0.0143
| 1.20 | 1.08–1.33 |
0.0005
| ||||
not active | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | |||||||||
Employment | full-time | 0.70 | 0.61–0.81 |
<.0001
| 0.73 | 0.62–0.87 |
0.0004
| 0.83 | 0.73–0.95 |
0.0063
| 0.76 | 0.67–0.87 |
<.0001
|
part-time | 0.87 | 0.73–1.05 | 0.1516 | 0.84 | 0.69–1.03 | 0.0910 | 0.87 | 0.69–1.11 | 0.2568 | 0.81 | 0.68–0.98 |
0.0282
| |
no job | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Fruits & vegetables | - | 1.03 | 1.01–1.05 |
0.0025
| 1.05 | 1.03–1.06 |
<.0001
| 1.02 | 1.00–1.05 | 0.0667 | |||
Smoking status | current | 0.91 | 0.78–1.06 | 0.2077 | 0.85 | 0.65–1.11 | 0.2292 | 0.84 | 0.71–1.00 | 0.0537 | 0.83 | 0.70–0.98 |
0.0241
|
former | 1.21 | 1.11–1.33 |
<.0001
| 1.10 | 0.94–1.29 | 0.2496 | 1.20 | 1.06–1.36 |
0.0042
| 1.19 | 1.07–1.33 |
0.0021
| |
never | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Chronic condition | yes | 1.49 | 1.28–1.74 |
<.0001
| 1.32 | 1.11–1.57 |
0.0021
| 1.48 | 1.20–1.82 |
0.0002
| 1.43 | 1.25–1.63 |
<.0001
|
no | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Regular physician | yes | 1.81 | 1.50–2.18 |
<.0001
| 2.68 | 1.77–4.04 |
<.0001
| 1.91 | 1.46–2.50 |
<.0001
| 2.39 | 1.87–3.03 |
<.0001
|
no | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Flu shot | yes | 1.61 | 1.47–1.78 |
<.0001
| 1.59 | 1.39–1.82 |
<.0001
| 1.51 | 1.37–1.66 |
<.0001
| 1.55 | 1.41–1.70 |
<.0001
|
no | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Self-perceived stress | - | 1.10 | 1.05–1.15 |
<.0001
| 1.07 | 1.01–1.12 |
0.0132
| 1.06 | 1.01–1.11 |
0.0162
| |||
Provincea
| NF & B | 0.96 | 0.78–1.17 | 0.6547 | 0.61 | 0.37–0.99 |
0.0463
| 1.35 | 1.05–1.73 |
0.0189
| 1.02 | 0.84–1.23 | 0.8474 |
ON | 1.28 | 1.03–1.59 |
0.0284
| 1.39 | 0.85–2.28 | 0.1928 | 1.42 | 1.22–1.64 |
<.0001
| 1.43 | 1.13–1.80 |
0.0025
| |
SK | 1.14 | 0.76–1.73 | 0.5190 | 1.27 | 0.74–2.16 | 0.3821 | 1.19 | 0.92–1.53 | 0.1803 | 1.18 | 0.76–1.82 | 0.4602 | |
BC | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |