Appendix 1: References to included studies and linked papers (+)
A1. Brennan FP, Moore SM, Smyth KA: The effects of a special computer network on caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease. Nursing Research 1995, 44(3): 166–72
+ Bass DM, McClendon MJ, Brennan PF, McCarthy C: The buffering effect of a computer support network on caregiver strain. Journal of Aging & Health 1998, 10(1): 20–43
+ McClendon MJ, Bass DM, Brennan PF, McCarthy C: A computer network for Alzheimer's caregivers and use of support group services. Journal of Mental Health and Aging 1998, 4(4): 403–20
A2. Buckwalter KC, Gerdner L, Kohout F, Richards Hall G, Kelly A, Richards B, Sime M: A nursing intervention to decrease depression in family caregivers of persons with dementia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1999, 13(2): 80–8
+Hall GR: Testing the PLST model with community-based caregivers. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: the Sciences and Engineerin g 1999, 60: 577–B
+Stolley JM, Reed D, Buckwalter KC: Caregiving appraisal and interventions based on the progressively lowered stress threshold model. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias 2002, 17(2): 110–20
A3. Burns R, Nichols LO, Martindale Adams J, Graney MJ, Lummus A: Primary care interventions for dementia caregivers: 2-year outcomes from the reach study. Gerontologist 2003, 43 (4): 547–55
A4. Chang BL: Cognitive-behavioral intervention for homebound caregivers of persons with dementia. Nursing Research 1999, 48(3): 173–81
A5. Chu P, Edwards J, Levin R, Thomson J: The use of clinical case management for early stage Alzheimer's patients and their families. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2000, 15(5): 284–90
A6. Coon DW, Thompson L, Steffen A, Sorocco K, Gallagher Thompson D: Anger and depression management: psychoeducational skill training interventions for women caregivers of a relative with dementia. Gerontologist 2003, 43(5): 678–89
A7. Corbeil RR, Quayhagen MP, Quayhagen M: Intervention effects on dementia caregiving interaction. A stress-adaptaion modeling approach. Journal of Ageing and Health 1999, 11(1): 79–95
A8. Eisdorfer C, Czaja SJ, Loewenstein DA, Rubert MP, Arguelles S, Mitrani VB, Szapocznik J: The effect of a family therapy and technology-based intervention on caregiver depression. Gerontologist 2003, 43(4): 521–31
A9. Fung W, Chien W: The effectiveness of a mutual support group for family caregivers of a relative with dementia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2002, 16(3): 134–44
A10. Gallagher-Thompson D, Steffen AM: Comparative effects of cognitive-behavioral and brief psychodynamic psychotherapies for depressed family caregivers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1994, 62(3): 543–9
A11. Gallagher-Thompson D, Lovett S, Rose J, McKibbin C, Coon D, Futterman A, Thompson LW: Impact of psychoeducational interventions on distressed family caregivers. Journal of Clinical Geropsychology 2000, 6(2): 91–110
A12. Garand L, Buckwalter KC, Lubaroff D, Tripp-Reimer T, Frantz RA, Ansley TN: A pilot study of immune and mood outcomes of a community-based intervention for dementia caregivers: the PLST intervention. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2002, 16(4): 156–67
A13. Gendron C, Poitras L, Dastoor DP, Perodeau G: Cognitive-behavioral group intervention for spousal caregivers: findings and clinical considerations. Clinical Gerontologist 1996, 17(1): 3–19
A14. Gitlin LN, Corcoran M, Winter L, Boyce A, Hauck WW:A randomized, controlled trial of a home environmental intervention: effect on efficacy and upset in caregivers and on daily function of persons with dementia. Gerontologist 2001, 41(1): 4–14
A15. Gitlin LN, Belle SH, Burgio LD, Czaja SJ, Mahoney D, Gallagher Thompson D, Burns R, Hauck WW, Zhang S, Schulz R, Ory MG, REACH Investigators: Effect of multicomponent interventions on caregiver burden and depression: the reach multisite initiative at 6-month follow-up. Psychol Aging 2003, 18(3): 361–74
A16. Gitlin LN, Hauck WW, Dennis MP, Winter L: Maintenance of effects of the home environmental skill-building program for family caregivers and individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related disorders. Journals of gerontology: Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 2005, 60(3): 368–74
A17. Goodman CC, Pynoos J: A model telephone information and support program for caregivers of Alzheimer's patients. Gerontologist 1990, 30(3): 399–404
+Goodman C: Evaluation of a model self-help telephone program: impact on natural networks. Social Work 1990, 35(6): 556–62
A18. Haley WE, Brown SL, Levine EG: Experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of group intervention for dementia caregivers. Gerontologist 1987, 27: 376–82
A19. Hebert R, Leclerc G, Bravo G, Girouard D, Lefrancois R. Efficacy of a support group programme for care-givers of demented patients in the community: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 1994, 18(1): 1–14
+Hebert R, Girouard D, Leclerc G, Bravo G, Lefrancois R: The Impact of a support group programme for care-givers on the institutionalisation of demented patients. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 1995, 20: 129–34
A20. Hebert R, Levesque L, Vezina J, Lavoie JP, Ducharme F, Gendron C, Préville M, Voyer L, Dubois MF: Efficacy of a psychoeducative group program for caregivers of demented persons living at home: a randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2003, 58B(1): S58–67
A21. Logiudice D, Waltrowicz W, Brown K, Burrows C, Ames D, Flicker L: Do memory clinics improve the quality of life of carers? A randomized pilot trial. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 1999, 14: 626–32
A22. Losada Baltar A, Izal Fernandez de Troconiz M, Montorio Cerrato I, Marquez Gonzalez M, Perez Rojo G: Differential efficacy of two psychoeducational interventions for dementia family caregivers. Rev Neurol 2004, 38(8): 701–8
A23. Mahoney DF, Tarlow BJ, Jones RN.Effects of an automated telephone support system on caregiver burden and anxiety: findings from the REACH for TLC intervention study. Gerontologist 2003, 43(4): 556–67
+Mahoney DF, Tarlow B, Sandaire J: A computer-mediated intervention for Alzheimer's caregivers. Computers in Nursing 1998, 16(4): 208–16
A24. Marriott A, Donaldson C, Tarrier N, Burns A: Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural family intervention in reducing the burden of care in carers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. British Journal of Psychiatry 2000, 176: 557–62
A25. Martin Cook K, Remakel Davis B, Svetlik D, Hynan LS, Weiner MS: Caregiver attribution and resentment in dementia care. American Journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias 2003, 18(6): 366–74
A26. McCurry SM, Logsdon RG, Vitiello MV, Teri L: Successful behavioral treatment for reported sleep problems in elderly caregivers of dementia patients: A controlled study. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 1998, 53B(2): 122–9
A27. Mittelman MS, Ferris SH, Shulman E, Steinberg G, Ambinder A, Mackell JA, Cohen J: A comprehensive support program effect on depression in spouse-caregivers of AD patients. Gerontologist 1995, 35(6): 792–802
+Mittelman MS, Ferris SH, Shulman E, Steinberg G, Levin B: A Family Intervention to Delay Nursing Home Placement of Patient With Alzheimer Disease. JAMA 1996, 276(21): 1725–31
+Mittelman MS, Ferris SH, Steinberg G, Shulman E, Mackell JA, Ambinder A, Cohen J: An Intervention That delays Institutionalization of Alzheimer's Disease Patients: Treatment of Spouse-Caregivers. Gerontologist 1993, 33(6): 730–40
A28. Mittelman MS, Roth DL, Coon DW, Hayley WE: Sustained benefit of supportive intervention for depressive symptoms in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. American journal of psychiatry 2004, 161(5): 850–6
A29. Mohide EA, Pringle DM, Streiner DL, Gilbert JR, Muir G, Tew M.A randomized trial of family caregiver support in the home management of dementia. Journal of American Geriatrics Society 1990, 38: 446–54
+Drummond MF, Mohide EA, Tew M, Streiner DL, Pringle DM, Gilbert JR: Economic evaluation of a support program for caregivers of demented elderly. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 1991, 7: 209–19
A30. Newcomer R, Yordi C, DuNah R, Fox P, Wilkinson A: Effects of the Medicare Alzheimer's disease demonstration on the use of community-based services. Health Services Research 1999, 31(3): 645–67
A31. Nobili A, Riva E, Tettamanti M, Lucca U, Liscio M, Petrucci B, Porro GS: The effect of a structured intervention on caregivers of patients with dementia and problem behaviors: a randomized controlled pilot study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2004, 18(2): 75–82
A32. Ostwald SK, Hepburn KW, Caron W, Burns T, Mantell R: Reducing caregiver burden: a randomized psychoeducational intervention for caregivers of persons with dementia. Gerontologist 1999, 39(3): 299–309
+Hepburn KW, Tornatore J, Center B, Ostwald SW: Dementia family caregiver training: affecting beliefs about caregiving and caregiver outcomes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2001, 49(4): 450–7
A33. Pillemer K, Suitor JJ: Peer support for Alzheimer's caregivers: is it enough to make a difference? Research on Aging 2002, 24(2): 171–92
A34. Quayhagen MP, Quayhagen M, Corbeil RR, Hendrix RC, Jackson JE, Snyder L, Bower D: Coping with dementia: Evaluation of four non pharmacologic interventions. Int Psychogeriatr 2000, 12(2): 249–65
A35. Roberts J, Browne G, Milne C, Spooner L, Gafni A, Drummond-Young M, LeGris J, Watt S, LeClair K, Beaumont L, Roberts J. Problem-solving counselling for caregivers of the cognitively impaired: effective for whom? Nursing Research 1999, 38(3): 162–71
A36. Robinson K, Yates K:Effects of two caregiver-training programs on burden and attitude toward help. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1994, 8(5): 312–9
A37. Schmidt GL, Bonjean MJ, Widem AC, Schefft BK, Steele DJ: Brief psychotherapy for caregivers of demented relatives: comparison of two therapeutic strategies. Clinical Gerontologist 1988, 7(3/4): 109–25
A38. Steffen AM: Anger management for dementia caregivers: A preliminary study using video and telephone interventions. Behavior Therapy 2000, 31(2): 281–99
+Steffen AM: Anger management for dementia caregivers: innovative solutions using video and telephone interventions. In: The Gerontological Society of America 52nd Annual Scientific Meeting, 19–23 November 1999, 39 (Special Issue 1)
A39. Sutcliffe C, Larner S: Counselling carers of the elderly at home: a preliminary study. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 1988, 27(2): 177–8
A40. Teri L, Logsdon RG, Uomoto J, McCurry SM: Behavioral treatment of depression in dementia patients: a controlled clinical trial. Journal of Gerontology 1997, 52B(4): 159–66
A41. Weinberger M, Gold DT, Divine GW, Cowper PA, Hodgson LG, Schreiner PJ, George LK: Social service interventions for caregivers of patients with dementia: impact on health care utilization and expenditures. Journal of American Geriatrics Society 1993, 41: 153–6
A42. Zarit SH, Zarit JM, Reever LE. Memory training for severe memory loss: effects on senile dementia patients and their families. Gerontologist 1982, 22(4): 373–7
A43. Zarit SH, Anthony CR, Boutselis M: Interventions with caregivers of dementia patients: Comparison of two approaches. Psychology and Aging 1987, 2(3): 225–32
+Whitlach CJ, Zarit SH, Von Eye A: Efficacy of interventions with caregivers: a reanalysis. Gerontologist 1991, 31(1): 9–14
A44. Zimmer JG, Eggert GM, Chiverton P: Individual versus team case management in optimizing community care for chronically ill patients with dementia. Journal of Ageing and Health 1990, 2(3): 357–72