Background
Methods
Data Source
Study Subjects
Characteristic | Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanic1
| Chinese | Japanese | Filipino |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 34,164 | N = 3,184 | N = 2,061 | N = 881 | N = 1,116 | N = 495 | |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 47 | 43 | 50 | 57 | 54 | 56 |
Female | 53 | 57 | 50 | 43 | 46 | 44 |
Year of diagnosis | ||||||
1992–93 | 41 | 40 | 38 | 38 | 40 | 36 |
1994–96 | 59 | 60 | 62 | 62 | 60 | 64 |
SEER region2
| ||||||
SFBA | 15 | 14 | 22 | 50 | 10 | 35 |
Connecticut | 16 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Detroit | 13 | 32 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Hawaii | 1 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 60 | 33 |
Iowa | 16 | 2 | 1 | -- | 0 | -- |
New Mexico | 3 | 1 | 18 | 0 | 0 | -- |
Seattle | 11 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 4 |
Utah | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | -- |
Atlanta | 4 | 13 | 1 | 1 | -- | 0 |
LA | 18 | 29 | 49 | 31 | 24 | 27 |
20%+ below poverty (N = 38,964) | 7 | 52 | 25 | 20 | 9 | 11 |
Below poverty quartiles3 (N = 38,964) | ||||||
1 (highest SES) | 28 | 5 | 11 | 16 | 30 | 18 |
2 | 27 | 7 | 16 | 22 | 28 | 29 |
3 | 26 | 14 | 23 | 23 | 21 | 28 |
4 (lowest SES) | 19 | 74 | 50 | 38 | 21 | 25 |
Non-HS quartiles4 (N = 38,964) | ||||||
1 (highest SES) | 28 | 6 | 11 | 20 | 19 | 11 |
2 | 27 | 11 | 17 | 20 | 22 | 21 |
3 | 26 | 15 | 19 | 21 | 28 | 22 |
4 (lowest SES) | 18 | 69 | 53 | 39 | 31 | 47 |
Median income quartiles5 (N = 38,964) | ||||||
1 (highest SES) | 27 | 6 | 14 | 29 | 36 | 30 |
2 | 26 | 11 | 23 | 26 | 32 | 37 |
3 | 25 | 21 | 30 | 20 | 20 | 17 |
4 (lowest SES) | 22 | 62 | 33 | 26 | 12 | 16 |
SES index6 quartiles (N = 38,964) | ||||||
1 (highest SES) | 34 | 7 | 15 | 29 | 34 | 21 |
2 | 21 | 7 | 13 | 13 | 20 | 24 |
3 | 29 | 19 | 27 | 27 | 31 | 34 |
4 (lowest SES) | 16 | 67 | 45 | 32 | 15 | 22 |
Unknown SES | 7 | 10 | 12 | 17 | 13 | 20 |
Married at diagnosis | ||||||
Yes | 52 | 37 | 51 | 66 | 64 | 64 |
No | 45 | 59 | 46 | 32 | 35 | 34 |
Unknown | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Age at diagnosis (mean ± S.D.) | ||||||
65–69 (67.1 ± 1.4) | 20 | 26 | 30 | 19 | 27 | 27 |
70–74 (72.0 ± 1.4) | 24 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 29 | 22 |
75–79 (77.0 ± 1.4) | 23 | 22 | 19 | 26 | 20 | 19 |
80+ (84.9 ± 4.1) | 33 | 27 | 26 | 31 | 23 | 32 |
Site (location) | ||||||
Proximal colon | 46 | 49 | 42 | 36 | 36 | 27 |
Distal colon | 28 | 30 | 27 | 35 | 35 | 38 |
Rectum | 26 | 21 | 31 | 29 | 29 | 34 |
AJCC stage at diagnosis | ||||||
Stage I | 24 | 21 | 22 | 21 | 27 | 23 |
Stage II | 32 | 28 | 31 | 31 | 29 | 25 |
Stage III | 22 | 22 | 24 | 27 | 26 | 28 |
Stage IV | 15 | 20 | 17 | 13 | 12 | 16 |
Unknown | 7 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 7 |
Grade/differentiation | ||||||
Well | 10 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 6 |
Moderate | 60 | 63 | 61 | 65 | 72 | 68 |
Poor/None | 19 | 14 | 19 | 19 | 13 | 15 |
Unknown | 12 | 13 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 11 |
Surgery7
| ||||||
None/NC Direct | 9 | 14 | 9 | 10 | 6 | 11 |
Partial | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 7 |
GT Part/LT Tot | 72 | 69 | 70 | 74 | 75 | 71 |
Total | 11 | 11 | 14 | 10 | 11 | 10 |
Surgery, NOS | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
Radiation8
| ||||||
None | 90 | 91 | 86 | 90 | 91 | 89 |
Any | 9 | 7 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 9 |
Unknown | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Chemotherapy9
| ||||||
None | 92 | 96 | 87 | 89 | 95 | 92 |
Any | 8 | 4 | 13 | 11 | 5 | 8 |
Received guideline treatment, stage III colon cancer (N = 6940)10
| 16 | 10 | 23 | 21 | 10 | 15 |
Received guideline treatment, stages II and III rectal cancer (N = 4626) 10
| 8 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 4 |
Received guideline treatment, stage III colon + stages II/III rectal cancer (N = 11,566) 10
| 13 | 8 | 17 | 15 | 8 | 10 |
Comorbidity11
| ||||||
None | 68 | 68 | 72 | 82 | 77 | 80 |
1 | 22 | 19 | 19 | 14 | 16 | 13 |
2 or more | 10 | 13 | 9 | 5 | 5 | 7 |
Analytical Variables
Follow-up
Statistical Analyses
Survival | Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanic | Chinese | Japanese | Filipino |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Males (N = 19,979)
| 16,213 | 1,356 | 1,032 | 498 | 601 | 279 |
Colorectal cancer deaths, N (%) | 5119 (32) | 531 (39) | 375 (36) | 154 (31) | 157 (26) | 88 (32) |
5-Year colorectal survival (95% CI) | 0.65 (0.64–0.65) | 0.55 (0.52–0.58) | 0.60 (0.56–0.63) | 0.67 (0.62–0.71) | 0.71 (0.67–0.75) | 0.64 (0.58–0.70) |
All cause deaths, N (%) | 9116 (56) | 854 (63) | 569 (55) | 252 (51) | 293 (49) | 153 (55) |
5-Year all cause survival (95% CI) | 0.45 (0.44–0.46) | 0.37 (0.35–0.40) | 0.46 (0.41–0.49) | 0.51 (0.46–0.56) | 0.53 (0.49–0.57) | 0.47 (0.41–0.53) |
Females (N = 21,922)
|
17,951
|
1,828
|
1,029
|
383
|
515
|
216
|
Colorectal cancer deaths, N (%) | 5865 (33) | 723 (40) | 33 (32) | 132 (34) | 146 (28) | 66 (31) |
5-Year colorectal survival (95% CI) | 0.64 (0.63–0.65) | 0.55 (0.53–0.58) | 0.64 (0.60–0.67) | 0.62 (0.57–0.67) | 0.69 (0.64–0.73) | 0.68 (0.60–0.74) |
All cause deaths, N (%) | 9722 (54) | 1125 (62) | 538 (52) | 185 (48) | 226 (44) | 99 (46) |
5-Year all cause survival (95% CI) | 0.47 (0.47–0.48) | 0.39 (0.37–0.41) | 0.48 (0.45–0.51) | 0.52 (0.47–0.57) | 0.57 (0.52–0.61) | 0.54 (0.46–0.60) |
Variables in model | Non-Hispanic Black N = 3,009 | Hispanic N = 1,951 | Chinese N = 851 | Japanese N = 1,094 | Filipino N = 479 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male N = 1,032 | Female N = 1,029 | |||||
1. Race/ethnicity | 1.33 (1.26–1.42) | 1.16 (1.04–1.29) | 0.98 (0.88–1.10) | 0.98 (0.87–1.11) | 0.79 (0.70–0.88) | 0.99 (0.84–1.16) |
2. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics1
| 1.32 (1.24–1.41) | 1.12 (1.00–1.26) | 1.02 (0.91–1.15) | 1.06 (0.93–1.19) | 0.94 (0.82–1.09) | 1.09 (0.92–1.30) |
3. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics & disease characteristics2
| 1.26 (1.18–1.34) | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | 0.93 (0.82–1.04) | 1.02 (0.90–1.16) | 0.97 (0.84–1.12) | 0.96 (0.81–1.13) |
4. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, & treatment3
| 1.21 (1.14–1.29) | 1.01 (0.90–1.14) | 0.94 (0.83–1.06) | 0.97 (0.86–1.10) | 0.98 (0.85–1.13) | 0.91 (0.76–1.07) |
5. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, treatment, & education | 1.16 (1.09–1.24) | 0.98 (0.87–1.10) | 0.92 (0.81–1.04) | 0.95 (0.84–1.08) | 0.96 (0.83–1.11) | 0.88 (0.74–1.05) |
6. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, treatment, & income | 1.17 (1.09–1.25) | 0.99 (0.89–1.12) | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | 0.98 (0.85–1.12) | 0.90 (0.76–1.07) |
7. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, treatment, & poverty | 1.16 (1.09–1.25) | 0.99 (0.88–1.11) | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | 0.96 (0.84–1.08) | 0.98 (0.85–1.12) | 0.90 (0.76–1.06) |
8. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, treatment, & comorbidities | 1.21 (1.14–1.29) | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | 0.94 (0.83–1.05) | 0.97 (0.86–1.10) | 0.98 (0.85–1.13) | 0.91 (0.77–1.08) |
Variables in model | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanic | Chinese | Japanese | Filipino | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 3,009 | N = 1,951 | N=851 | N=1,094 | N=479 | ||
Male N = 1,032
|
Female N = 1,029
| |||||
1. Race/ethnicity | 1.23 (1.18–1.30) | 1.01 (0.92–1.10) | 0.97 (0.89–1.07) | 0.88 (0.80–0.97) | 0.78 (0.72–0.85) | 0.95 (0.84–1.08) |
2. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics1
| 1.23 (1.17–1.29) | 1.03 (0.94–1.13) | 1.03 (0.94–1.13) | 0.95 (0.86–1.05) | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 1.05 (0.92–1.20) |
3. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics & disease characteristics2
| 1.18 (1.13–1.24) | 0.96 (0.88–1.06) | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | 0.97 (0.87–1.09) | 0.97 (0.85–1.11) |
4. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, & treatment3
| 1.14 (1.08–1.20) | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | 0.96 (0.87–1.05) | 0.88 (0.80–0.97) | 0.98 (0.88–1.09) | 0.93 (0.81–1.06) |
5. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, treatment, & education | 1.09 (1.04–1.15) | 0.93 (0.84–1.02) | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) | 0.86 (0.78–0.95) | 0.96 (0.86–1.07) | 0.90 (0.78–1.03) |
6. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, treatment, & income | 1.09 (1.04–1.16) | 0.94 (0.86–1.04) | 0.95 (0.86–1.04) | 0.87 (0.79–0.96) | 0.98 (0.88–1.09) | 0.93 (0.81–1.06) |
7. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, treatment, & poverty | 1.08 (1.03–1.14) | 0.94 (0.86–1.03) | 0.95 (0.86–1.04) | 0.87 (0.78–0.96) | 0.97 (0.87–1.09) | 0.92 (0.80–1.05) |
8. Race/ethnicity + sociodemographics, disease characteristics, treatment, & comorbidities | 1.14 (1.09–1.20) | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | 0.95 (0.87–1.05) | 0.91 (0.82–1.00) | 0.99 (0.89–1.11) | 0.95 (0.83–1.08) |
Characteristic (referent group) | Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanic | Chinese | Japanese | Filipino N = 479 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 32,825 | N = 3,009 | N = 851 | N = 32,825 | N = 1,094 | N = 479 | |||||||||||||
Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | |||||||
Age (65–69) | ||||||||||||||||||
70–74 | 1.08 | 1.02 | -1.15 | 1.28 | 1.09 | -1.51 | 1.21 | 0.97 | -1.51 | 1.14 | 0.76 | -1.70 | 1.25 | 0.89 | -1.75 | 0.76 | 0.43 | -1.32 |
75–79 | 1.18 | 1.11 | -1.25 | 1.28 | 1.08 | -1.52 | 1.35 | 1.07 | -1.70 | 1.11 | 0.74 | -1.67 | 1.62 | 1.12 | -2.33 | 1.60 | 0.99 | -2.59 |
80+ | 1.53 | 1.44 | -1.62 | 1.35 | 1.14 | -1.59 | 1.79 | 1.43 | -2.23 | 1.99 | 1.34 | -2.95 | 1.77 | 1.24 | -2.53 | 1.60 | 1.00 | -2.57 |
Gender (female) | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 1.06 | 1.02 | -1.11 | 1.02 | 0.90 | -1.15 | 1.25 | 1.05 | -1.48 | 1.17 | 0.90 | -1.54 | 0.94 | 0.73 | -1.21 | 1.26 | 0.86 | -1.85 |
Marital status (ever married) | ||||||||||||||||||
Single | 1.14 | 1.09 | -1.19 | 0.98 | 0.86 | -1.12 | 1.24 | 1.04 | -1.46 | 1.33 | 1.00 | -1.76 | 1.21 | 0.92 | -1.60 | 0.91 | 0.62 | -1.34 |
Diagnosis year (1992–1993) | ||||||||||||||||||
1994–1996 | 0.99 | 0.95 | -1.03 | 0.94 | 0.84 | -1.06 | 1.03 | 0.88 | -1.21 | 1.11 | 0.85 | -1.45 | 0.86 | 0.67 | -1.10 | 0.94 | 0.66 | -1.35 |
AJCC stage (I) | ||||||||||||||||||
II | 2.33 | 2.12 | -2.55 | 2.65 | 2.02 | -3.47 | 1.93 | 1.37 | -2.72 | 3.74 | 1.94 | -7.23 | 2.37 | 1.32 | -4.24 | 2.60 | 1.14 | -5.90 |
III | 5.62 | 5.13 | -6.14 | 4.63 | 3.54 | -6.04 | 3.89 | 2.77 | -5.47 | 8.15 | 4.25 | -15.62 | 7.34 | 4.27 | -12.61 | 4.52 | 2.07 | -9.85 |
IV | 23.69 | 21.67 | -25.90 | 20.36 | 15.70 | -26.40 | 17.04 | 12.23 | -23.74 | 35.12 | 18.14 | -68.02 | 41.39 | 23.68 | -72.36 | 18.22 | 8.36 | -39.70 |
Unknown | 3.63 | 3.25 | -4.06 | 3.25 | 2.40 | -4.42 | 2.76 | 1.76 | -4.34 | 3.77 | 1.81 | -7.85 | 2.45 | 1.15 | -5.23 | 3.49 | 1.39 | -8.73 |
Grade (well) | ||||||||||||||||||
Moderate | 1.22 | 1.12 | -1.32 | 1.21 | 0.95 | -1.54 | 1.28 | 0.91 | -1.80 | 2.46 | 1.24 | -4.91 | 0.90 | 0.43 | -1.88 | 0.93 | 0.43 | -2.01 |
Poor/None | 1.86 | 1.70 | -2.03 | 1.90 | 1.45 | -2.49 | 1.98 | 1.38 | -2.85 | 3.65 | 1.79 | -7.45 | 1.25 | 0.58 | -2.72 | 1.23 | 0.53 | -2.84 |
Unknown | 1.29 | 1.17 | -1.43 | 1.26 | 0.95 | -1.68 | 1.20 | 0.80 | -1.79 | 1.92 | 0.88 | -4.23 | 0.69 | 0.29 | -1.62 | 0.28 | 0.10 | -0.80 |
Site (rectal) | ||||||||||||||||||
Distal | 0.90 | 0.84 | -0.95 | 0.86 | 0.72 | -1.03 | 0.91 | 0.72 | -1.16 | 0.98 | 0.69 | -1.37 | 0.99 | 0.70 | -1.39 | 1.11 | 0.70 | -1.77 |
Proximal | 1.01 | 0.96 | -1.06 | 0.91 | 0.77 | -1.07 | 0.89 | 0.72 | -1.11 | 1.04 | 0.74 | -1.46 | 0.89 | 0.63 | -1.26 | 1.35 | 0.83 | -2.19 |
Surgery (none/NC direct) | ||||||||||||||||||
GT Partial LT Total | 0.30 | 0.28 | -0.32 | 0.28 | 0.23 | -0.33 | 0.30 | 0.23 | -0.39 | 0.25 | 0.16 | -0.38 | 0.18 | 0.11 | -0.29 | 0.19 | 0.11 | -0.33 |
Partial | 0.27 | 0.24 | -0.32 | 0.30 | 0.20 | -0.44 | 0.17 | 0.09 | -0.33 | 0.66 | 0.29 | -1.49 | 0.13 | 0.05 | -0.32 | 0.66 | 0.22 | -1.96 |
Total | 0.37 | 0.34 | -0.40 | 0.41 | 0.33 | -0.51 | 0.38 | 0.28 | -0.52 | 0.41 | 0.24 | -0.70 | 0.21 | 0.12 | -0.37 | 0.16 | 0.08 | -0.33 |
Radiation (none) | ||||||||||||||||||
Any | 0.98 | 0.92 | -1.05 | 0.78 | 0.63 | -0.97 | 1.00 | 0.77 | -1.29 | 0.99 | 0.62 | -1.59 | 1.21 | 0.78 | -1.88 | 0.79 | 0.41 | -1.51 |
Chemotherapy (none) | ||||||||||||||||||
Any | 0.89 | 0.83 | -0.95 | 0.64 | 0.49 | -0.85 | 0.75 | 0.60 | -0.94 | 0.76 | 0.52 | -1.10 | 0.91 | 0.57 | -1.46 | 1.14 | 0.67 | -1.94 |
SEER region(SFBA) | ||||||||||||||||||
Atlanta | 0.97 | 0.88 | -1.08 | 0.75 | 0.60 | -0.94 | 0.25 | 0.06 | -1.02 | 1.20 | 0.28 | -5.13 | - | - | - | |||
Connecticut | 0.97 | 0.90 | -1.04 | 0.81 | 0.60 | -1.09 | 0.51 | 0.32 | -0.82 | 1.58 | 0.21 | -12.07 | 0.00 | 0.00 | - | 1.64 | 0.34 | -7.94 |
Detroit | 0.98 | 0.91 | -1.06 | 0.91 | 0.76 | -1.09 | 1.05 | 0.48 | -2.30 | 0.31 | 0.04 | -2.33 | 4.24 | 0.53 | -33.64 | 9.86 | 1.09 | -89.23 |
Hawaii | 0.84 | 0.68 | -1.03 | 1.43 | 0.35 | -5.89 | 1.12 | 0.16 | -8.15 | 0.66 | 0.41 | -1.04 | 1.21 | 0.80 | -1.83 | 0.75 | 0.48 | -1.17 |
Iowa | 0.94 | 0.87 | -1.03 | 0.92 | 0.54 | -1.58 | 1.32 | 0.58 | -3.04 | - | - | 1.54 | 0.20 | -11.74 | - | - | ||
LA | 0.98 | 0.91 | -1.05 | 0.84 | 0.70 | -1.01 | 0.74 | 0.60 | -0.91 | 1.24 | 0.92 | -1.66 | 1.32 | 0.87 | -2.02 | 1.26 | 0.81 | -1.98 |
New Mexico | 1.13 | 1.00 | -1.28 | 0.93 | 0.43 | -2.02 | 0.88 | 0.67 | -1.17 | - | - | - | - | |||||
Seattle | 1.02 | 0.94 | -1.11 | 0.95 | 0.67 | -1.35 | 0.74 | 0.36 | -1.55 | 0.93 | 0.48 | -1.82 | 0.99 | 0.53 | -1.85 | 0.67 | 0.25 | -1.81 |
Utah | 1.12 | 1.00 | -1.26 | 1.76 | 0.56 | -5.54 | 0.86 | 0.47 | -1.61 | - | 0.96 | 0.23 | -4.10 | - | - | |||
Median income quartiles (1st highest SES) | ||||||||||||||||||
2nd
| 0.91 | 0.86 | -0.98 | 0.88 | 0.57 | -1.34 | 0.76 | 0.53 | -1.09 | 0.87 | 0.51 | -1.49 | 1.02 | 0.68 | -1.53 | 1.62 | 0.94 | -2.79 |
3rd
| 0.95 | 0.87 | -1.04 | 0.88 | 0.55 | -1.41 | 0.77 | 0.50 | -1.18 | 1.18 | 0.64 | -2.19 | 1.05 | 0.63 | -1.75 | 1.89 | 0.88 | -4.09 |
4th
| 0.92 | 0.82 | -1.03 | 0.96 | 0.59 | -1.58 | 0.87 | 0.53 | -1.42 | 1.07 | 0.50 | -2.29 | 1.59 | 0.82 | -3.08 | 2.54 | 1.02 | -6.33 |
Unknown | 6.31 | 0.89 | -44.94 | 0.96 | 0.64 | -1.42 | 0.70 | 0.49 | -1.02 | 1.46 | 0.86 | -2.47 | 0.91 | 0.57 | -1.45 | 2.18 | 0.87 | -5.45 |
Below poverty quartiles (1st highest SES) | ||||||||||||||||||
2nd
| 1.05 | 0.99 | -1.12 | 0.77 | 0.51 | -1.17 | 0.94 | 0.66 | -1.35 | 1.50 | 0.89 | -2.51 | 1.03 | 0.68 | -1.56 | 1.39 | 0.67 | -2.86 |
3rd
| 1.08 | 1.00 | -1.16 | 0.77 | 0.49 | -1.21 | 1.06 | 0.70 | -1.61 | 1.38 | 0.70 | -2.70 | 1.18 | 0.71 | -1.96 | 1.27 | 0.59 | -2.70 |
4th
| 1.06 | 0.96 | -1.17 | 0.85 | 0.52 | -1.37 | 1.18 | 0.73 | -1.90 | 1.59 | 0.72 | -3.50 | 0.95 | 0.51 | -1.76 | 0.91 | 0.34 | -2.38 |
Unknown | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||
Non-HS quartiles (1st highest SES) | ||||||||||||||||||
2nd
| 1.09 | 1.02 | -1.15 | 1.28 | 0.89 | -1.83 | 0.79 | 0.56 | -1.11 | 0.63 | 0.39 | -1.01 | 0.82 | 0.54 | -1.25 | 1.65 | 0.72 | -3.77 |
3rd
| 1.08 | 1.01 | -1.16 | 1.32 | 0.90 | -1.93 | 0.74 | 0.51 | -1.06 | 0.73 | 0.42 | -1.28 | 0.85 | 0.54 | -1.33 | 0.93 | 0.38 | -2.25 |
4th
| 1.14 | 1.04 | -1.24 | 1.32 | 0.90 | -1.95 | 0.79 | 0.53 | -1.17 | 0.84 | 0.46 | -1.53 | 0.98 | 0.63 | -1.54 | 1.14 | 0.49 | -2.63 |
Unknown | 0.17 | 0.02 | -1.21 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||
Comorbidity (none) | ||||||||||||||||||
One or more | 1.08 | 1.03 | -1.12 | 1.09 | 0.96 | -1.23 | 1.07 | 0.90 | -1.28 | 1.05 | 0.75 | -1.48 | 0.98 | 0.73 | -1.33 | 1.28 | 0.82 | -2.00 |
Characteristic (referent group) | Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanic | Chinese | Japanese | Filipino | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 32,825 | N = 3,009 | N = 1,951 | N = 851 | N = 1,094 | N = 479 | |||||||||||||
Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | |||||||
Age (65–69) | ||||||||||||||||||
70–74 | 1.17 | 1.12 | -1.23 | 1.28 | 1.12 | -1.47 | 1.27 | 1.06 | -1.53 | 1.32 | 0.94 | -1.87 | 1.25 | 0.96 | -1.63 | 0.84 | 0.53 | -1.33 |
75–79 | 1.43 | 1.36 | -1.50 | 1.39 | 1.21 | -1.60 | 1.50 | 1.25 | -1.81 | 1.42 | 1.01 | -1.99 | 1.68 | 1.28 | -2.22 | 2.01 | 1.35 | -2.99 |
80+ | 2.04 | 1.95 | -2.13 | 1.76 | 1.54 | -2.01 | 2.07 | 1.74 | -2.47 | 2.69 | 1.94 | -3.74 | 2.32 | 1.77 | -3.03 | 2.20 | 1.51 | -3.21 |
Gender (female) | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 1.22 | 1.18 | -1.26 | 1.12 | 1.01 | -1.24 | 1.24 | 1.09 | -1.42 | 1.38 | 1.11 | -1.72 | 1.26 | 1.04 | -1.53 | 1.28 | 0.95 | -1.73 |
Marital status (ever married) | ||||||||||||||||||
Single | 1.22 | 1.18 | -1.26 | 1.10 | 0.99 | -1.22 | 1.24 | 1.08 | -1.41 | 1.27 | 1.02 | -1.59 | 1.23 | 1.00 | -1.52 | 0.93 | 0.69 | -1.25 |
Diagnosis year (1992–1993) | ||||||||||||||||||
1994–1996 | 0.98 | 0.95 | -1.01 | 0.94 | 0.86 | -1.04 | 1.00 | 0.88 | -1.14 | 1.01 | 0.82 | -1.25 | 0.96 | 0.79 | -1.16 | 1.02 | 0.77 | -1.36 |
AJCC stage (I) | ||||||||||||||||||
II | 1.34 | 1.27 | -1.41 | 1.67 | 1.41 | -1.97 | 1.32 | 1.06 | -1.65 | 1.74 | 1.19 | -2.55 | 1.23 | 0.90 | -1.66 | 1.80 | 1.09 | -2.96 |
III | 2.26 | 2.15 | -2.38 | 2.25 | 1.90 | -2.67 | 2.14 | 1.71 | -2.69 | 2.94 | 2.00 | -4.31 | 2.41 | 1.81 | -3.22 | 2.54 | 1.56 | -4.13 |
IV | 7.69 | 7.29 | -8.11 | 7.81 | 6.60 | -9.23 | 7.06 | 5.65 | -8.82 | 10.10 | 6.76 | -15.08 | 11.22 | 8.12 | -15.51 | 7.65 | 4.65 | -12.59 |
Unknown | 1.73 | 1.61 | -1.85 | 1.81 | 1.48 | -2.22 | 1.88 | 1.39 | -2.55 | 2.42 | 1.53 | -3.84 | 1.27 | 0.81 | -1.98 | 2.15 | 1.17 | -3.94 |
Grade (well) | ||||||||||||||||||
Moderate | 1.11 | 1.05 | -1.18 | 0.98 | 0.82 | -1.16 | 1.47 | 1.13 | -1.91 | 1.27 | 0.81 | -1.97 | 0.91 | 0.58 | -1.42 | 1.23 | 0.67 | -2.26 |
Poor/None | 1.52 | 1.43 | -1.62 | 1.54 | 1.27 | -1.88 | 2.13 | 1.60 | -2.84 | 1.87 | 1.17 | -3.01 | 1.23 | 0.75 | -2.03 | 1.46 | 0.75 | -2.85 |
Unknown | 1.16 | 1.08 | -1.24 | 1.12 | 0.92 | -1.38 | 1.32 | 0.96 | -1.80 | 1.10 | 0.65 | -1.88 | 0.81 | 0.47 | -1.38 | 0.70 | 0.34 | -1.45 |
Site (rectal) | ||||||||||||||||||
Distal | 0.94 | 0.90 | -0.98 | 0.96 | 0.83 | -1.11 | 1.00 | 0.83 | -1.20 | 1.03 | 0.79 | -1.35 | 1.01 | 0.79 | -1.29 | 1.02 | 0.71 | -1.48 |
Proximal | 0.99 | 0.95 | -1.03 | 0.98 | 0.86 | -1.12 | 0.98 | 0.83 | -1.17 | 1.02 | 0.77 | -1.34 | 0.91 | 0.70 | -1.17 | 1.53 | 1.06 | -2.21 |
Surgery (none/NC direct) | ||||||||||||||||||
GT Partial LT Total | 0.33 | 0.31 | -0.35 | 0.30 | 0.25 | -0.35 | 0.30 | 0.24 | -0.38 | 0.34 | 0.24 | -0.48 | 0.21 | 0.15 | -0.31 | 0.22 | 0.14 | -0.34 |
Partial | 0.39 | 0.36 | -0.42 | 0.36 | 0.28 | -0.46 | 0.31 | 0.21 | -0.44 | 0.67 | 0.39 | -1.16 | 0.25 | 0.16 | -0.42 | 0.82 | 0.41 | -1.66 |
Total | 0.38 | 0.36 | -0.41 | 0.44 | 0.36 | -0.53 | 0.39 | 0.30 | -0.51 | 0.46 | 0.29 | -0.72 | 0.26 | 0.17 | -0.40 | 0.19 | 0.10 | -0.34 |
Radiation (none) | ||||||||||||||||||
Any | 0.93 | 0.88 | -0.99 | 0.78 | 0.65 | -0.95 | 0.99 | 0.80 | -1.22 | 1.06 | 0.72 | -1.55 | 0.99 | 0.69 | -1.40 | 0.76 | 0.45 | -1.30 |
Chemotherapy (none) | ||||||||||||||||||
Any | 0.81 | 0.77 | -0.86 | 0.61 | 0.48 | -0.78 | 0.69 | 0.57 | -0.84 | 0.78 | 0.57 | -1.08 | 0.86 | 0.57 | -1.30 | 0.94 | 0.59 | -1.51 |
SEER region (SFBA) | ||||||||||||||||||
Atlanta | 0.99 | 0.91 | -1.07 | 0.85 | 0.71 | -1.02 | 0.53 | 0.23 | -1.21 | 1.97 | 0.69 | -5.67 | - | - | 0.00 | 0.00 | - | |
Connecticut | 1.00 | 0.95 | -1.06 | 1.07 | 0.85 | -1.34 | 0.69 | 0.49 | -0.98 | 2.65 | 0.80 | -8.83 | 0.00 | 0.00 | - | 1.15 | 0.26 | -5.11 |
Detroit | 0.97 | 0.92 | -1.03 | 1.10 | 0.95 | -1.28 | 1.04 | 0.53 | -2.07 | 0.36 | 0.09 | -1.51 | 6.60 | 1.51 | -28.80 | 2.35 | 0.28 | -19.78 |
Hawaii | 0.80 | 0.68 | -0.94 | 0.74 | 0.18 | -3.01 | 1.60 | 0.51 | -5.08 | 0.85 | 0.60 | -1.20 | 1.20 | 0.86 | -1.67 | 0.94 | 0.67 | -1.32 |
Iowa | 0.92 | 0.86 | -0.98 | 0.93 | 0.60 | -1.42 | 1.35 | 0.71 | -2.58 | - | - | 0.91 | 0.12 | -6.73 | - | - | ||
LA | 1.04 | 0.99 | -1.10 | 1.00 | 0.86 | -1.16 | 0.88 | 0.74 | -1.04 | 1.23 | 0.97 | -1.56 | 1.34 | 0.96 | -1.89 | 1.58 | 1.11 | -2.26 |
New Mexico | 1.01 | 0.92 | -1.11 | 1.05 | 0.58 | -1.89 | 0.84 | 0.67 | -1.05 | 1.04 | 0.13 | -8.20 | - | - | - | |||
Seattle | 0.99 | 0.93 | -1.05 | 1.05 | 0.78 | -1.40 | 0.65 | 0.36 | -1.18 | 0.98 | 0.58 | -1.66 | 1.11 | 0.67 | -1.85 | 0.82 | 0.41 | -1.64 |
Utah | 1.02 | 0.93 | -1.11 | 1.13 | 0.36 | -3.54 | 0.85 | 0.52 | -1.38 | - | 1.00 | 0.36 | -2.84 | - | - | |||
Median income quartiles (1st highest SES) | ||||||||||||||||||
2nd
| 0.94 | 0.90 | -0.99 | 0.90 | 0.65 | -1.25 | 0.86 | 0.65 | -1.15 | 0.95 | 0.61 | -1.48 | 0.91 | 0.68 | -1.21 | 1.50 | 0.99 | -2.27 |
3rd
| 0.96 | 0.90 | -1.02 | 1.01 | 0.71 | -1.46 | 0.98 | 0.70 | -1.37 | 1.17 | 0.70 | -1.97 | 0.87 | 0.60 | -1.25 | 1.79 | 1.02 | -3.15 |
4th
| 0.92 | 0.85 | -1.01 | 1.05 | 0.71 | -1.54 | 1.14 | 0.77 | -1.67 | 1.28 | 0.69 | -2.39 | 1.02 | 0.63 | -1.65 | 1.82 | 0.94 | -3.54 |
Unknown | 7.10 | 1.00 | -50.37 | 1.11 | 0.81 | -1.51 | 0.86 | 0.64 | -1.17 | 1.62 | 1.06 | -2.47 | 1.00 | 0.70 | -1.44 | 1.97 | 1.03 | -3.76 |
Below poverty quartiles (1st highest SES) | ||||||||||||||||||
2nd
| 1.04 | 1.00 | -1.09 | 0.80 | 0.57 | -1.10 | 0.94 | 0.70 | -1.27 | 1.34 | 0.88 | -2.03 | 1.27 | 0.94 | -1.71 | 1.83 | 1.07 | -3.14 |
3rd
| 1.06 | 1.00 | -1.13 | 0.76 | 0.54 | -1.08 | 1.09 | 0.78 | -1.51 | 1.15 | 0.67 | -1.96 | 1.21 | 0.84 | -1.76 | 1.46 | 0.81 | -2.61 |
4th
| 1.09 | 1.02 | -1.18 | 0.82 | 0.57 | -1.19 | 1.05 | 0.71 | -1.55 | 1.25 | 0.66 | -2.35 | 1.23 | 0.77 | -1.95 | 1.33 | 0.66 | -2.70 |
Unknown | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||
Non-HS quartiles (1st highest SES) | ||||||||||||||||||
2nd
| 1.06 | 1.02 | -1.11 | 1.17 | 0.89 | -1.55 | 0.80 | 0.61 | -1.04 | 0.91 | 0.62 | -1.35 | 0.95 | 0.69 | -1.31 | 1.05 | 0.58 | -1.89 |
3rd
| 1.09 | 1.03 | -1.15 | 1.28 | 0.96 | -1.72 | 0.70 | 0.52 | -0.94 | 1.00 | 0.63 | -1.58 | 0.95 | 0.68 | -1.34 | 0.69 | 0.37 | -1.28 |
4th
| 1.13 | 1.06 | -1.20 | 1.18 | 0.88 | -1.59 | 0.79 | 0.58 | -1.08 | 1.09 | 0.66 | -1.79 | 1.20 | 0.85 | -1.68 | 0.89 | 0.50 | -1.58 |
Unknown | 0.16 | 0.02 | -1.13 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||
Comorbidity (none) | ||||||||||||||||||
One or more | 1.50 | 1.46 | -1.55 | 1.41 | 1.28 | -1.55 | 1.34 | 1.17 | -1.53 | 1.35 | 1.05 | -1.74 | 1.53 | 1.25 | -1.87 | 1.73 | 1.26 | -2.37 |