Introduction
Data and methods
Methods
Measures
Programme exposure
Sexual behaviors
Consistent condom use
Socio-demographic and work related characteristics
Prevalence of STI/HIV
Statistical techniques
Results
Background characteristics
All Routes | North-East (NE) | North-South (NS) | North-West (NW) | South-East (SE) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Background characteristics | Round-1 (N= 2066) | Round-2 (N= 2085) | Round-1 (N= 498) | Round-2 (N= 524) | Round-1 (N= 540) | Round-2 (N= 538) | Round-1 (N= 515) | Round-2 (N= 526) | Round-1 (N= 513) | Round-2 (N= 497) |
Average Age | 31.1 | 33.5*** | 31.8 | 33.4* | 31.4 | 31.8 | 30.1 | 32.4** | 33.9 | 35.0 |
Percent literates | 87.6 | 94.1** | 83.3 | 89.7* | 90.8 | 97.5** | 88.5 | 89.6 | 87.3 | 94.6** |
Percent Currently married | 73.5 | 74.3 | 75.2 | 74.2 | 74.9 | 71.2 | 72.0 | 73.6 | 82.3 | 84.0 |
Average number of years of working as a driver | 8.9 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.9 | 8.0 | 8.5 | 10.7 | 11.1 |
Average number of round trips in past six monthsa | 11.9 | 11.2 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 13.4 | 11.2** | 12.4 | 12.7 |
Percent who own truck | 14.2 | 9.0*** | 8.9 | 4.8** | 13.9 | 13.5 | 17.1 | 2.4** | 13.1 | 11.2 |
Exposure to interventions (%)
| ||||||||||
No | 49.8 | 45.0** | 44.4 | 48.9 | 36.7 | 42.8 | 61.0 | 36.4*** | 34.7 | 62.7*** |
Less intensive | 36.1 | 25.4*** | 40.7 | 23.1*** | 42.4 | 19.2 | 27.5 | 24.1 | 60.2 | 27.6*** |
Intensive | 14.1 | 29.6*** | 14.9 | 28.0*** | 20.9 | 38.1** | 11.5 | 39.5*** | 4.7 | 9.7** |
Trends in exposure to intensive HIV prevention program
Trend in risk behavior and STI/HIV prevalence
All Routes | North-East (NE) | North-South (NS) | North-West (NW) | South-East (SE) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sexual Behavior | Round-1 | Round-2 | Round-1 | Round-2 | Round-1 | Round-2 | Round-1 | Round-2 | Round-1 | Round-2 |
Had sex with PFP in past one year (N) | 31.0 (2066) | 24.3** (2085) | 24.8 (498) | 25.6 (524) | 30.3 (540) | 28.9 (538) | 29.1 (515) | 28.6 (526) | 43.7 (513) | 13.9*** (497) |
Mean age at first paid sex (N) | 21.0 (640) | 22.3** (507) | 21.4 (124) | 22.4 (134) | 20.6 (164) | 22.1*** (155) | 21.5 (150) | 22.9* (149) | 20.9 (224) | 21.7 (69) |
Consistent condom use with PFP in past one year (N) | 67.1 (640) | 74.6** (507) | 68.5 (124) | 64.5 (134) | 71.4 (164) | 75.6 (155) | 60.5 (150) | 75.8** (149) | 63.8 (224) | 87.5** (69) |
Had sex with NPFP in past one year (N) | 20.4 (2066) | 19.6 (2085) | 17.8 (498) | 23.2* (524) | 21.6 (540) | 17.1 (538) | 21.7 (515) | 34.1** (526) | 20.9 (513) | 15.3 (497) |
Consistent condom use with NPFP in past one year (N) | 17.9 (421) | 37.1** (423) | 18.9 (89) | 33.7 (122) | 20.4 (117) | 49.1** (92) | 15.3 (112) | 32.6* (179) | 14.0 (107) | 31.6* (76) |
STI/HIV
(N) | (2066) | (2085) | (498) | (524) | (540) | (538) | (515) | (526) | (513) | (497) |
Syphilis | 3.2 | 1.7** | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 1.3* | 3.0 | 1.3* | 1.2 | 0.2* |
N. Gonorrhoeae^ | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
C. Trachomatis^ | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
HIV | 3.5 | 2.5* | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 3.8 | 1.9* | 6.8 | 3.3* |
Any STI | 6.9 | 4.7** | 7.6 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 3.7* | 6.5 | 3.8* | 8.2 | 4.3** |
Association between sex with non-regular female partners and program exposure
Exposure to HIV prevention program | |||
---|---|---|---|
% not exposed | % exposed to less intensive program | % exposed to intensive program | |
All Routes
| |||
Had sex with PFP in last 12 months***
No (N= 1578) Yes (N = 507) | 50.6 26.5 | 24.2 29.5 | 25.2 44.0 |
Had sex with NPFP in last 12 months
No (N= 1618) Yes (N = 467) | 44.7 46.0 | 24.7 28.5 | 30.6 25.5 |
North-East
| |||
Had sex with PFP in last 12 months ***
No (N= 387) Yes (N = 137) | 56.1 28.2 | 22.1 26.0 | 21.8 45.8 |
Had sex with NPFP in last 12 months
No (N= 387) Yes (N = 137) | 50.0 45.4 | 22.6 24.7 | 27.4 29.9 |
North-South
| |||
Had sex with PFP in last 12 months
No (N= 390) Yes (N = 148) | 43.5 41.0 | 18.7 20.3 | 37.8 38.7 |
Had sex with NPFP in last 12 months
No (N= 443) Yes (N = 95) | 42.1 45.7 | 17.6 26.7 | 40.2 27.3 |
North-West
| |||
Had sex with PFP in last 12 months**
No (N= 369) Yes (N = 157) | 39.8 27.9 | 26.7 16.9 | 33.2 55.2 |
Had sex with NPFP in last 12 months**
No (N= 356) Yes (N = 170) | 42.7 24.2 | 17.9 36.1 | 39.4 39.7 |
South-East
| |||
Had sex with PFP in last 12 months
No (N= 432) Yes (N = 65) | 63.9 55.6 | 27.8 26.9 | 8.4 17.5 |
Had sex with NPFP in last 12 months
No (N= 432) Yes (N = 65) | 67.7 61.8 | 30.0 27.2 | 2.2 10.9 |
Sex with paid female partners | Exposure to HIV prevention program | |
---|---|---|
Less intensive exposure vs. No exposure | Intensive exposure vs. No exposure | |
Adjusted RRR [95% CI] | Adjusted RRR [95% CI] | |
Had sex with PFP in last 12 months
No (Reference category) Yes | 1.0 2.5 [1.9 – 3.5] | 1.0 3.8 [2.8 – 4.9] |
Route Categories
North-East (Reference category) North-South North-West South-East | 1.00 1.2 [0.9 – 1.6] 1.2 [0.8 – 1.8] 0.9 [0.6 – 1.1] | 1.00 2.1 [1.6 – 2.7] 1.9 [1.3 – 2.7] 0.2 [0.2 – 0.5] |
Current age (years) a | 1.0 [0.9 – 1.1] | 0.9 [0.9 – 1.0] |
Literacy
Illiterate (Reference category) Literate | 1.0 1.4 [0.9 -2.1] | 1.0 2.6 [1.5 - 4.6] |
Marital status
Not currently married (Reference category) Currently married | 1.0 1.5 [1.1 -1.9] | 1.0 2.5 [1.6 -2.9] |
Duration of working as truck driver (years) a | 1.0 [0.9 – 1.1] | 1.1 [0.9 – 1.2] |
Number of round trips a, b | 0.9 [0.8 – 1.2] | 1.0 [0.9 – 1.1] |
Ownership of truck
| ||
Respondent (Reference category) Other | 1.0 0.8 [0.6 -1.3] | 1.0 0.5 [0.3 -1.0] |
Sex with non-regular female partners | Exposure to HIV prevention program | |
---|---|---|
Less intensive exposure vs. No exposure | Intensive exposure vs. No exposure | |
Adjusted RRR [95% CI] | Adjusted RRR [95% CI] | |
Had sex with NPFP in last 12 months
No (Reference category) Yes | 1.00 1.6 [1.2 – 2.5] | 1.00 1.1 [0.8 – 1.4] |
Route Categories
North-East (Reference category) North-South North-West South-East | 1.00 1.2 [0.9 – 1.6] 1.1 [0.8 – 1.7] 0.8 [0.6 – 1.0] | 1.00 1.9 [1.5 – 2.5] 1.8 [1.3 – 2.8] 0.2 [0.1 – 0.4] |
Current age (years) a | 1.0 [0.9 – 1.1] | 0.9 [0.9 – 1.1] |
Literacy
Illiterate (Reference category) Literate | 1.0 1.3 [0.9 -2.1] | 1.0 2.6 [1.5 - 4.6] |
Marital status
Not currently married (Reference category) Currently married | 1.0 1.2 [0.9 -1.8] | 1.0 1.7 [1.2 -2.4] |
Duration of working as truck driver (years) a | 0.9 [0.8 – 1.0] | 1.0 [0.9 – 1.0] |
Number of round trips a, b | 1.0 [0.9 – 1.2] | 1.1 [0.8 – 1.2] |
Ownership of truck
| ||
Respondent (Reference category) Other | 1.0 0.8 [0.6 -1.3] | 1.0 0.7 [0.4 -1.1] |
Association between program exposure and safe sex behavior
Exposure to HIV prevention program | Consistent condom use with PFP | Consistent condom use with NPFP | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | Crude OR [95% CI] | N | % | Crude OR [95% CI] | |
All Routes
| ||||||
No | 174 | 63.9 | 1.0 | 217 | 33.9 | 1.0 |
Less intensive | 107 | 71.6 | 1.4 [0.8 – 2.3] | 104 | 52.6 | 2.2 [1.3 – 3.5] |
Intensive | 226 | 83.0 | 2.7 [1.7 – 4.6] | 147 | 25.5 | 0.7 [0.4 – 1.2] |
North-East
| ||||||
No | 33 | 59.8 | 1.0 | 59 | 24.2 | 1.0 |
Less intensive | 32 | 54.8 | 0.8 [0.3 – 2.1] | 26 | 58.8 | 4.5 [1.9 – 10.8] |
Intensive | 72 | 73.1 | 1.8 [1.1 – 4.3] | 52 | 27.4 | 1.1 [0.5 – 2.9] |
North-South
| ||||||
No | 55 | 71.8 | 1.0 | 42 | 58.7 | 1.0 |
Less intensive | 26 | 56.4 | 0.6 [0.2 – 1.4] | 25 | 48.4 | 0.7 [0.3 – 1.8] |
Intensive | 67 | 89.9 | 3.5 [1.3 – 9.5] | 29 | 37.2 | 0.5 [0.2 – 1.1] |
North West
| ||||||
No | 51 | 79.8 | 1.0 | 69 | 41.6 | 1.0 |
Less intensive | 29 | 83.6 | 1.3 [0.4 – 4.7] | 38 | 51.7 | 1.5 [0.5 – 4.7] |
Intensive | 77 | 71.4 | 0.7 [0.3 – 1.5] | 63 | 29.7 | 0.4 [0.1 – 1.6] |
South-East
| ||||||
No | 35 | 77.1 | 1.0 | 47 | 22.4 | 1.0 |
Less intensive | 20 | 85.0 | 1.2 [0.3 – 7.1] | 15 | 50.1 | 3.4 [ 1.1 – 9.2] |
Intensive | 10 | 90.1 | 2.7 [0.3 – 24.3] | 3 | 63.3 | NA |
Exposure to intervention and background characteristics | Consistent condom use with PFP | Consistent condom use with NPFP |
---|---|---|
Adjusted OR [95% CI] | Adjusted OR [95% CI] | |
Exposure to HIV prevention program
| ||
No (Reference category) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Less intensive | 1.4 [0.8 – 2.5] | 2.3 [0.9 – 3.8] |
Intensive | 2.4 [1.4 – 4.1] | 0.6 [0.4 – 1.9] |
Route Categories
| ||
North-East (Reference category) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
North- South | 1.7 [1.1 – 2.8] | 1.7 [0.9 – 3.0] |
North-West | 1.5 [0.8 – 2.9] | 0.9 [0.5 – 1.7] |
South-East | 1.8 [0.9 – 3.4] | 1.0 [0.6 – 1.9] |
Current age (years) a | 1.0 [0.9 – 1.2] | 0.9 [0.8 – 1.1] |
Literacy
| ||
Illiterate (Reference category) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Literate | 1.4 [0.7 – 2.2] | 1.1 [0.4 – 2.9] |
Marital status
| ||
Not currently married (Reference category) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Currently married | 1.2 [0.8 – 1.9] | 1.1 [0.6 – 1.7] |
Duration of working as truck driver (years) a | 0.9 [0.9 – 1.0] | 1.0 [ 0.8 – 1.2] |
Number of round trips a, b | 0.8 [0.8 – 1.1] | 0.9 [ 0.8 – 1.1] |
Ownership of truck
| ||
Respondent (Reference category) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Other | 0.7 [0.3 – 1.5] | 0.6 [0.3 – 1.7] |