Background
Methods
Location and background of respondents
Questionnaire
Statistical analysis
Results
Characteristics | Primary school teachers | Secondary school teachers | High school teachers | Overall |
---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
Gender | ||||
Male | 28 (10.0%) | 88 (33.3%) | 179 (51.3%) | 295 (33.0%) |
Female | 252 (90.0%) | 176 (66.7%) | 170 (48.7%) | 598 (67.0%) |
Age (yrs) | ||||
19-29 | 64 (22.9%) | 144 (54.5%) | 190 (54.4%) | 398 (44.6%) |
30-39 | 135 (48.2%) | 92 (34.8%) | 113 (32.4%) | 340 (38.1%) |
40-49 | 65 (23.2%) | 26 (9.9%) | 36 (10.3%) | 127 (14.2%) |
≥50 | 16 (5.7%) | 2 (0.8%) | 10 (2.9%) | 28 (3.1%) |
Years in current job (yrs) | ||||
1-9 | 50 (17.9%) | 175 (66.3%) | 232 (66.5%) | 457 (51.2%) |
10-19 | 146 (52.1%) | 70 (26.5%) | 77 (22.1%) | 293 (32.8%) |
20-29 | 60 (21.4%) | 16 (6.1%) | 32 (9.2%) | 108 (12.1%) |
≥30 | 24 (8.6%) | 3 (11.0%) | 8 (2.3%) | 35 (3.9%) |
Work hours per week (h) | ||||
≤40 | 206 (75.2%) | 177 (67.8%) | 192 (55.7%) | 575 (65.3%) |
>40 | 68 (24.8%) | 84 (32.2%) | 153 (44.3%) | 305 (34.7%) |
Hours of lessons per week (h) | ||||
<14 | 194 (70.3%) | 211 (80.5%) | 169 (50.0%) | 574 (65.5%) |
≥14 | 82 (29.7%) | 51 (19.5%) | 169 (50.0%) | 302 (34.5%) |
Hours of working with computer per day (h) | ||||
<4 | 200 (96.2%) | 239 (93.7%) | 217 (64.8%) | 656 (82.2%) |
≥4 | 8 (3.8%) | 16 (6.3%) | 118 (35.2%) | 142 (17.8%) |
Hours of physical exercise per week (h) | ||||
<7 | 196 (82.0%) | 184 (70.5%) | 278 (86.9%) | 658 (80.2%) |
≥7 | 43 (18.0%) | 77 (29.5%) | 42 (13.1%) | 162 (19.8%) |
Hours of doing housework per week | ||||
<20 | 185 (68.5%) | 210 (80.5%) | 301 (92.3%) | 696 (81.2%) |
≥20 | 85 (31.5%) | 51 (19.5%) | 25 (7.7%) | 142 (18.8%) |
Characteristics | Women (n = 598) | Men (n = 295) | Total (n = 893) |
Pvalue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yrs) | 32.18 ± 0.31 | 32.25 ± 0.46 | 32.21 ± 10.61 | 0.90 |
Seniority (yrs) | 11.13 ± 8.23 | 9.56 ± 8.72 | 10.61 ± 8.42 | 0.01 |
Stature (cm) | 158.67 ± 4.06 | 170.2 ± 4.98 | 162.47 ± 6.98 |
<0.001
|
Weight (kg) | 52.35 ± 6.93 | 65.43 ± 9.02 | 56.67 ± 9.84 |
<0.001
|
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 20.82 ± 2.62 | 22.54 ± 2.77 | 21.39 ± 2.79 |
<0.001
|
Smoking |
<0.001
| |||
Never or seldom smoked | 564 (99.3%) | 186 (65.0%) | 750 (87.8%) | |
Current or past smoker | 4 (7.0%) | 100 (35.0%) | 104 (12.2%) | |
Work hours per week (h) >40 h | 182 (30.9%) | 123 (42.3%) | 305 (34.7%) |
0.001
|
Housework per week (h) ≥20 h | 148 (25.7%) | 13 (4.6%) | 161 (18.8%) |
<0.001
|
Physical exercise per week (h) ≥7 h | 96 (17.7%) | 66 (23.7%) | 162 (19.8%) |
0.04
|
Variable | %with NSP (no. of teachers with NSP/Total number) |
Pvalue | %with LBP (no. of teachers with LBP/Total number) |
Pvalue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender |
0.01
| 0.1 | ||
Male | 42.7 (126/295) | 41.7 (123/295) | ||
Female | 51.7 (309/598) | 47.5 (284/598) | ||
Age (yrs) | 0.18 |
0.03
| ||
19-29 | 46.2 (184/398) | 41.2 (164/398) | ||
30-39 | 48.5 (165/340) | 46.8 (159/340) | ||
40-49 | 57.5 (73/127) | 55.9 (71/127) | ||
≥50 | 46.4 (13/28) | 46.4 (13/28) | ||
Seniority (yrs) | 0.25 | 0.16 | ||
1-9 | 46.0 (210/457) | 42.7 (195/457) | ||
10-19 | 51.5 (151/293) | 47.4 (139/293) | ||
20-29 | 49.1 (53/108) | 48.1 (52/108) | ||
≥30 | 60.0 (21/35) | 60.0 (21/35) | ||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.44 | 0.08 | ||
≤23.9 | 49.4 (344/697) | 44.5 (310/697) | ||
24-27.9 | 43.5 (57/131) | 47.3 (62/131) | ||
≥28 | 53.5 (8/15) | 73.3 (11/15) | ||
School level |
<0.001
|
<0.001
| ||
Primary school | 48.9 (137/280) | 46.8 (131/280) | ||
Junior middle school | 31.4 (83/264) | 28.0 (74/264) | ||
Senior middle school | 61.6 (215/349) | 57.9 (202/349) |
Factors | NSP | LBP |
---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Gender | ||
Male | 1 | 1 |
Female | 1.44 (1.10-1.90)* | 1.27 (0.96-1.68) |
Age (yrs) | ||
19-29 | 1 | 1 |
30-39 | 1.00 (0.59-1.64) | 1.02 (0.61-1.70) |
40-49 | 1.25 (0.45-3.52) | 1.14 (0.41-3.20) |
≥50 | 0.77 (0.14-4.15) | 0.63 (0.12-3.41) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||
≤23.9 | 1 | 1 |
2 4-27.9 | 0.83 (0.56-1.24) | 1.12 (0.75-1.67) |
≥28 | 1.18 (0.42-3.34) | 3.35 (1.05-10.72)* |
Smoking | ||
Never or seldom smoked | 1 | 1 |
Current or past smoker | 1.00 (0.61-1.59) | 0.93 (0.58-1.51) |
Hours of physical exercise per week (h) | ||
<7 | 1 | 1 |
≥7 | 0.46 (0.32-0.67)* | 0.54 (0.38-0.78)* |
Hours of doing housework per week (h) | ||
<20 | 1 | 1 |
≥20 | 1.39 (1.00-2.00) | 1.16 (0.81-1.66) |
Factors | NSP | LBP |
---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Years in current job (yrs) | ||
1-9 | 1 | 1 |
10-19 | 1.02 (0.66-1.59) | 0.81 (0.52-1.27) |
20-29 | 0.79 (0.35-1.80) | 0.56 (0.25-1.27) |
≥30 | 1.17 (0.33-4.11) | 0.66 (0.19-2.32) |
School level | ||
Primary school | 1 | 1 |
Secondary school | 0.61 (0.42-0.89)* | 0.57 (0.39-0.83)* |
High school | 2.48 (1.71-3.59)* | 2.22 (1.54-3.20)* |
Work hours per week (h) | ||
≤40 | 1 | 1 |
>40 | 1.26 (0.95-1.67) | 0.96 (0.72-1.27) |
Hours of lessons per week (h) | ||
<14 | 1 | 1 |
≥14 | 1.95 (1.46-2.60)* | 1.73 (1.31-2.30)* |
Hours of working with computer per day (h) | ||
<4 | 1 | 1 |
≥4 | 1.82 (1.25-2.66)* | 1.13 (0.91-1.91) |
Prolonged standing | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 2.23 (1.48-3.78)* | 1.88 (1.25-2.84)* |
Prolonged sitting | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 1.78 (1.36-2.34)* | 1.60 (1.22-2.10)* |
Prolonged static posture | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 3.20 (2.42-4.24)* | 2.58 (1.96-3.42)* |
Working with hands above shoulder | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 1.55 (1.18-2.03)* | 1.62 (1.23-2.13)* |
Lifting of weight with hand ≥20 kg | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 1.07 (0.66-1.74) | 1.40 (0.86-2.27) |
Holding the neck in a forward bent posture for a long time | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 2.18 (1.66-2.87)* | 2.33 (1.77-3.07)* |
Have enough rest time | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 0.82 (0.63-1.08) | 0.68 (0.52-0.90)* |
Posture characterized by twisting | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 1.94 (1.41-2.69)* | 2.53 (1.83-3.52)* |
Uncomfortable back support | ||
No | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 2.60 (1.98-3.46)* | 2.64 (2.00-3.50)* |
NSP | LBP | |
---|---|---|
Factors | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
Female gender | 1.84 (1.25-2.71)* | 1.41 (0.97-2.07) |
Physical exercise per week (h) ≥7 h | 0.55 (0.35-0.86)* | 0.71 (0.46-1.09) |
School level | ||
Primary school | 1 | 1 |
Secondary school | 0.96 (0.60-1.54) | 0.68 (0.42-1.08) |
High school | 2.35 (1.43-3.85)* | 2.01 (1.24-3.27)* |
Hours of lessons per week (h) ≥14 h | 1.21 (0.83-1.76) | 1.05 (0.72-1.52) |
Hours of working with computer per day (h) ≥4 h | 1.02 (0.63-1.65) | 0.71 (0.44-1.14) |
Prolonged standing | 1.74 (1.03-2.95)* | 1.48 (0.88-2.50) |
Prolonged sitting | 1.76 (1.23-2.52)* | 1.42 (1.01-2.02)* |
Prolonged static posture | 2.25 (1.56-3.24)* | 1.60 (1.11-2.31)* |
Working with hands above shoulder | 1.21 (0.86-1.71) | 1.27 (0.90-1.79) |
Holding the neck in a forward bent posture for a long time | 1.12 (0.77-1.63) | 1.32 (0.91-1.91) |
Have enough rest time | 1.42 (0.98-2.04) | 1.08 (0.76-1.55) |
Posture characterized by twisting | 1.16 (0.77-1.73) | 1.93 (1.30-2.87)* |
Uncomfortable back support | 1.77 (1.32-2.55)* | 1.62 (1.13-2.32)* |