Background
Methods
Sample
Measures
Statistical analysis
Results
Variable | Variable distribution | ||
---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | ||
N | 10141 | 12316 | |
Age (years) | 58.4 ± 9.2 | 57.9 ± 9.2 | |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 26.5 ± 3.3 | 26.2 ± 4.3 | |
Cigarette smoking habit | |||
Never | 34.5 (3477) | 56.8 (6931) | |
Former | 53.1 (5354) | 31.9 (3891) | |
Current | 12.4 (1249) | 11.4 (1389) | |
Social Class | |||
I | Professional | 7.8 (787) | 6.5 (795) |
II | Manager | 38.2 (3875) | 35.2 (4329) |
III nm | Skilled non-manual | 12.4 (1260) | 19.6 (2419) |
III m | Skilled manual | 25.2 (2559) | 21.4 (2634) |
IV | Semi-skilled | 13.4 (1362) | 13.4 (1652) |
V | Unskilled | 2.9 (298) | 4.0 (487) |
Finished school | 70.6 (7161) | 53.6 (6599) | |
Self rate health | |||
Excellent | 18.4 (1864) | 16.1 (1983) | |
Good | 63.9 (6478) | 64.9 (7990) | |
Moderate | 16.3 (1656) | 17.6 (2166) | |
Poor | 1.4 (143) | 1.4 (177) | |
Units of alcohol per week | |||
0 | 9.5 (960) | 16.8 (2074 | |
1–13.9 | 63.4 (6432) | 75.3 (9270) | |
≥ 14 | 27.1 (2749) | 7.9 (972) | |
Exercise | |||
Inactive | 29.3 (2966) | 28.8 (3543) | |
Moderately inactive | 24.7 (2505) | 32.6 (4009) | |
Moderately active | 23.3 (2367) | 22.7 (2799) | |
Active | 22.7 (2302) | 16.0 (1965) |
Social class | P-value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Professional | Manager | Skilled non-manual | Skilled manual | Semi- skilled | Unskilled | ||
N = 10 141 | 787 | 3875 | 1260 | 2559 | 1362 | 298 | |
Age (years) | 57.8 ± 9.4 | 58.0 ± 9.3 | 59.5 ± 9.4 | 58.3 ± 9.2 | 59.1 ± 8.8 | 59.5 ± 8.7 | < 0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.1 ± 3.2 | 26.5 ± 3.3 | 26.5 ± 3.3 | 26.5 ± 3.3 | 26.6 ± 3.4 | 26.6 ± 3.5 | 0.010 |
Cigarette smoking habit | |||||||
Never | 49.4 (386) | 38.2 (1473) | 33.2 (415) | 28.7 (729) | 29.2 (394) | 26.9 (80) | < 0.001 |
Former | 45.3 (354) | 51.6 (1991) | 56.8 (699) | 55.8 (1416) | 54.6 (738) | 52.5 (156) | |
Current | 5.3 (41) | 10.2 (395) | 11.0 (138) | 15.6 (395) | 16.2 (219) | 20.5 (61) | |
Finished school | 96.9 (763) | 82.0 (3176) | 72.3 (911) | 60.1 (1539) | 49.1 (668) | 34.9 (104) | < 0.001 |
Self-rated Health | |||||||
Excellent | 27.1 (213) | 22.4 (868) | 17.7 (223) | 13.0 (332) | 13.8 (188) | 13.4 (40) | < 0.001 |
Good | 62.4 (491) | 63.9 (2474) | 66.0 (832) | 64.7 (1656) | 62.0 (845) | 60.4 (180) | |
Moderate | 10.0 (79) | 12.8 (497) | 14.4 (182) | 20.5 (524) | 22.4 (305) | 23.2 (69) | |
Poor | 0.5 (4) | 0.9 (36) | 1.8 (23) | 1.8 (47) | 1.8 (24) | 3.0 (9) | |
Units of alcohol per week | |||||||
0 | 7.5 (59) | 6.9 (266) | 8.9 (112) | 10.8 (276) | 14.7 (200) | 15.8 (47) | < 0.001 |
1–13.9 | 60.1 (473) | 60.3 (2338) | 67.1 (845) | 67.6 (1731) | 63.1 (860) | 62.1 (185) | |
≥ 14 | 32.4 (255) | 32.8 (1271) | 24.1 (303) | 21.6 (552) | 22.2 (302) | 22.2 (66) | |
Physical activity | |||||||
Inactive | 27.8 (219) | 30.0 (1164) | 36.9 (465) | 25.9 (663) | 27.4 (373) | 27.5 (82) | < 0.001 |
Moderately inactive | 37.7 (297) | 29.8 (1156) | 29.5 (372) | 16.3 (416) | 16.5 (225) | 13.1 (39) | |
Moderately active | 20.3 (160) | 22.0 (852) | 18.3 (231) | 26.3 (673) | 26.7 (363) | 29.5 (88) | |
Active | 14.1 (111) | 18.1 (703) | 15.2 (192) | 31.5 (806) | 29.4 (401) | 29.9 (89) |
Social class | P-value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Professional | Manager | Skilled non-manual | Skilled manual | Semi- skilled | Unskilled | ||
N = 12 316 | 795 | 4329 | 2419 | 2634 | 1652 | 487 | |
Age (years) | 56.6 ± 9.1 | 57.1 ± 9.3 | 59.7 ± 9.4 | 57.1 ± 8.9 | 58.4 ± 8.9 | 59.6 ± 9.1 | < 0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.4 ± 4.3 | 25.8 ± 4.1 | 26.0 ± 4.2 | 26.5 ± 4.4 | 26.8 ± 4.6 | 27.5 ± 5.1 | < 0.001 |
Cigarette smoking habit | |||||||
Never | 63.4 (500) | 57.4 (2462) | 56.0 (1350) | 55.9 (1459) | 54.4 (887) | 56.9 (273) | < 0.001 |
Former | 29.0 (229) | 32.6 (1397) | 32.2 (776) | 31.1 (813) | 32.6 (532) | 30.0 (144) | |
Current | 7.6 (60) | 10.1 (431) | 11.8 (283) | 13.0 (340) | 13.0 (212) | 13.1 (63) | |
Finished school | 81.8 (650) | 68.4 (2959) | 52.5 (1271) | 40.7 (1073) | 32.3 (534) | 23.0 (112) | < 0.001 |
Self-rated Health | |||||||
Excellent | 21.9 (174) | 19.5 (842) | 15.8 (381) | 13.6 (357 | 11.1 (183) | 9.5 (46) | < 0.001 |
Good | 66.2 (526) | 65.0 (2817) | 65.3 (1580) | 65.4 (1722) | 63.7 (1052) | 60.2 (293) | |
Moderate | 108 (86) | 14.3 (620) | 17.8 (431) | 19.4 (512) | 23.2 (384) | 27.3 (133) | |
Poor | 1.1 (9) | 1.2 (50) | 1.1 (27) | 1.6 (43) | 2.0 (33) | 3.1 (15) | |
Units of alcohol per week | |||||||
0 | 8.8 (70) | 12.4 (537) | 16.6 (401) | 20.1 (529) | 23.4 (387) | 30.8 (150) | < 0.001 |
1–13.9 | 76.6 (609) | 76.4 (3307) | 76.8 (1858) | 75.0 (1976) | 72.3 (1194) | 66.9 (326) | |
≥ 14 | 14.6 (116) | 11.2 (485) | 6.6 (160) | 4.9 (129) | 4.3 (71) | 2.3 (11) | |
Physical activity | |||||||
Inactive | 19.4 (154) | 25.6 (1108) | 34.6 (836) | 28.8 (758) | 31.3 (517) | 34.9 (170) | < 0.001 |
Moderately inactive | 35.5 (282) | 34.0 (1471) | 34.4 (831) | 31.5 (829) | 29.4 (485) | 22.8 (111) | |
Moderately active | 28.8 (229) | 24.3 (1050) | 19.2 (464) | 22.7 (598) | 20.8 (343) | 23.6 (115) | |
Active | 16.4 (130) | 16.2 (700) | 11.9 (288) | 17.1 (449) | 18.6 (307) | 18.7 (91) |
Age group (years) | Proportion of poor or moderate self-rated health by social class, % (N) | Odds ratio# | |
---|---|---|---|
Men N=10 141 | Non-manual * N=5922 | Manual * N=4219 | |
< 50 | 12 (157) | 20 (170) | 1.96 (1.55, 2.49) |
50–54.9 | 14 (132) | 21 (158) | 1.72 (1.34, 2.22) |
55–59.9 | 12 (107) | 22 (154) | 2.19 (1.67, 2.87) |
60–64.9 | 15 (135) | 27 (183) | 2.00 (1.56, 2.57) |
65–69.9 | 15 (136) | 21 (136) | 1.45 (1.12, 1.88) |
≥ 70 | 17 (154) | 29 (177) | 1.97 (1.54, 2.52) |
Total | 14 (821) | 23 (978) | 1.87 (1.69, 2.08) |
Women N=12 316 | Non-manual * N=7543 | Manual * N=4773 | |
< 50 | 13 (235) | 20 (216) | 1.74 (1.42, 2.13) |
50–54.9 | 15 (197) | 21 (191) | 1.49 (1.19, 1.86) |
55–59.9 | 17 (186) | 25 (196) | 1.64 (1.31, 2.06) |
60–64.9 | 17 (186) | 22 (157) | 1.37 (1.08, 1.74) |
65–69.9 | 18 (198) | 25 (169) | 1.55 (1.23, 1.95) |
≥ 70 | 21 (221) | 31 (191) | 1.74 (1.39, 2.19) |
Total | 16 (1223) | 24 (1120) | 1.58 (1.45, 1.73) |
Odds ratio (95% CI) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Social class | Men N=10 141 | Women N=12 316 | |
Model 1 | |||
I | Professional | 1.0 | 1.0 |
II | Manager | 1.35 (1.06, 1.73) | 1.34 (1.06, 1.69) |
III nm | Skilled non-manual | 1.61 (1.23, 2.12) | 1.63 (1.28, 2.07) |
III m | Skilled manual | 2.43 (1.90, 3.10) | 1.96 (1.55, 2.47) |
IV | Semi-skilled | 2.66 (2.05, 3.45) | 2.42 (1.90, 3.08) |
V | Unskilled | 2.94 (2.09, 4.15) | 3.07 (2.30, 4.09) |
Model 2 | |||
I | Professional | 1.0 | 1.0 |
II | Manager | 1.31 (1.02, 1.69) | 1.24 (0.98, 1.57) |
III nm | Skilled non-manual | 1.47 (1.12, 1.94) | 1.38 (1.08, 1.77) |
III m | Skilled manual | 2.49 (1.94, 3.21) | 1.61 (1.27, 2.06) |
IV | Semi-skilled | 2.65 (2.03, 3.46) | 1.92 (1.50, 2.47) |
V | Unskilled | 2.92 (2.05, 4.17) | 2.26 (1.67, 3.05) |
Model 3 | |||
I | Professional | 1.0 | 1.0 |
II | Manager | 1.25 (0.98, 1.61) | 1.20 (0.95, 1.52) |
III nm | Skilled non-manual | 1.37 (1.03, 1.81) | 1.30 (1.01, 1.66) |
III m | Skilled manual | 2.22 (1.72, 2.87) | 1.46 (1.14, 1.86) |
IV | Semi-skilled | 2.30 (1.75, 3.02) | 1.71 (1.32, 2.21) |
V | Unskilled | 2.44 (1.69, 3.50) | 1.97 (1.45, 2.68) |