Introduction
Mental Disorder | Proposed Cause | Treatment | References | Type of Study |
---|---|---|---|---|
Major Depression | Serotonin deficiency | Tryptophan | [15] [32] | Human pilot clinical trial Double-blind, placebo controlled |
Dopamine/Noradrenaline deficiency | Tyrosine | [30] [36] | Double-blind, placebo controlled Randomized within or between subjects | |
GABA deficiency | GABA | [29] | Clinical trial | |
Omega-3 deficiency | Omega-3s | [39] | Clinical trial | |
Folate/Vitamin B deficiency | Folate/Vitamin B | [9] [13] | Randomized controlled trial Clinical trial | |
Magnesium deficiency | Magnesium | [14] | Cases studies | |
SAM deficiency | SAM | [37] | Double-blind, placebo controlled | |
Bipolar Disorder | Excess acetylcholine receptors | Lithium orotate & taurine | [50] | Clinical trial |
Excess vanadium | Vitamin C | [45] | Double-blind, placebo controlled | |
Vitamin B/Folate deficiency | Vitamin B/Folate | [47] [71] | Human pilot clinical trial Clinical trial | |
L-Tryptophan deficiency | L-Tryptophan | [72] | Clinical trial | |
Choline deficiency | Lecithin | [73] | Double-blind, placebo controlled | |
Omega-3 deficiency | Omega-3s | [21] [48] [74] [75] | Double-blind, placebo controlled Clinical trial Clinical trial Double-blind, placebo controlled | |
Schizophrenia | Impaired serotonin synthesis | Tryptophan | [53] | Open-baseline controlled trial |
Glycine deficiency | Glycine | [54] [55] [56] | Double-blind, placebo controlled Human pilot open-label trial Clinical trial | |
Omega-3 deficiencies | Omega-3s | [59] [60] [65] | Double-blind, placebo controlled Randomized, placebo controlled Open-label clinical trial | |
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder | St. John's wort deficiency | St John's wort | [69] [70] | Randomized, double-blind trial Double-blind, placebo controlled |
Major Depression
Bipolar Disorder
Mental Disorder | Proposed Cause | Treatment | References |
---|---|---|---|
Bipolar Disorder | Food allergies | Avoid foods that elicit an allergic response | [76, 77] |
Caffeine | Avoid coffee and other caffeinated beverages | [78] | |
Inhibition of lithium from alkalizing agents | Avoid alkalizing agents like bicarbonates | [79] | |
Vitamin B6 deficiency | 100–200 milligrams/day | [72, 80] | |
Vitamin B12 deficiency | 300–600 mcirograms/day | [71, 81–83] | |
Vitamin C deficiency | 1–3 grams taken as divided doses | [84–86] | |
Folate deficiency | 200 micrograms/day | [9, 13, 71, 82, 83, 87, 88] | |
Choline deficiency | 10–30 grams of phosphatidyl form in divided doses | [73, 89] | |
Omega-3 or -6 deficiency | 500–1000 milligrams/day | [10, 11, 21, 39, 74, 75, 90–94] | |
Phenylalanine deficiency | Initially 500 milligrams/day; can increase to 3–4 grams/day | [95, 96] | |
Tryptophan deficiency | 50–200 milligrams taken as divided doses | [97–100] | |
S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAM) deficiency | 800 milligrams | [101–103] | |
Melatonin deficiency | 3–6 milligrams at 9 pm | [104–106] | |
Phosphatidylserine deficiency | 100 milligrams with food | [107] |