Introduction
Methods
Study population
Study design
Statistical analysis
Ethical approval
Results
Parameter (N) | Categories | Frequency (%) |
---|---|---|
Gender (258) | Female | 65.1% |
Male | 34.9% | |
Comorbidities (258) | Present | 12.4% |
Absent | 87.6% | |
Disease duration (258) | < 5 years | 35.7% |
5–10 years | 29.4% | |
> 10 years | 34.9% | |
Walking disability (258) | Fully ambulatory, self-sufficient, which represents EDSS 0–3 | 46.8% |
Ambulatory for 500 m without aid/rest which represents EDSS 4–4.5 | 16.3% | |
Ambulatory for 200 m without aid/rest which represents EDSS 5 | 14.0% | |
Intermittent or unilateral constant assistance which represents EDSS 5.5–6 | 12.4% | |
Constant bilateral assistance (canes, crutches, or braces) which represents EDSS 6.5 | 6.2% | |
restricted to wheelchair which represents EDSS 7 | 4.3% | |
Total Number of Rituximab injections (258) | Once | 7.8% |
Twice | 16.3% | |
3 times | 14.7% | |
> 4 times | 61.2% | |
Extended interval dosing (258) | Yes | 28.7% |
No | 71.3% | |
Relapse during the pandemic (258) | Yes | 16.3% |
No | 83.7% | |
Relapse management (42) | Outpatient | 35.7% |
Inpatient | 9.6% | |
Not treated | 54.7% | |
Recent corticosteroid use (42) | Yes | 14.3% |
No | 85.71% | |
self-isolation (258) | Yes | 87.2% |
No | 12.8% | |
Contact with COVID-19 Patients (258) | Yes | 4.3% |
Not Aware | 95.7% | |
Suspected Covid-19 infection (258) | Yes | 9.7% |
No | 90.3% | |
Assessment of Covid-19 (RT-PCR or Imaging) (258) | Performed | 8.5% |
Not performed | 91.5% |
Case # | Age | Sex | Comorbidities | Disease Duration | Walking Disability score | Rituximab injections times | Extended Interval Dosing | Recent exacerbation | Recent corticosteroid use | Self-isolation | COVID-19 Exposure | Treatment method | Admission duration | Consequence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 42 | Male | No | 13 | 1 | Twice | No | No | No | No | Yes | Hospital admission | < 2 weeks | Death |
2 | 59 | Male | No | 4 | 1 | > 4 times | No | No | No | No | Yes | Hospital admission (ICU) | < 2 weeks | Death |
3 | 64 | Female | No | 4 | 1 | Twice | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Home care | N/A | Cured |
4 | 41 | Male | No | 12 | 1 | > 4 times | No | No | No | Yes | No | Home care | N/A | Cured |
5 | 46 | Female | No | 4 | 2 | > 4 times | No | No | No | Yes | No | Hospital admission | < 2 weeks | Cured |
6 | 49 | Female | No | 8 | 2 | > 4 times | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Hospital admission (ICU) | < 2 weeks | Cured |
7 | 42 | Male | No | 15 | 2 | > 4 times | No | No | No | Yes | No | Hospital admission | < 2 weeks | Cured |
8 | 52 | Female | No | 6 | 1 | Twice | No | No | No | Yes | No | Home care | N/A | Cured |
9 | 48 | Female | No | 18 | 5 | > 4 times | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Home care | N/A | Cured |
Parameter ((Mean ± SD/ Q1,Median,Q3) or (#\%)) | Treatment strategy | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Confirmed cases (9) | Home-based care (4) | Hospital admission (5) | ||
Age | 49.22 ± 7.94 [41–64] | 51.25 ± 9.63 [41–64] | 47.6 ± 7.02 [42–59] | |
P-value a: 0.530 b | ||||
Sex | Male | 4 (44.4%) | 1 (25%) | 3 (60%) |
Female | 5 (55.6%) | 3 (75%) | 2 (40%) | |
Disease duration | 9.33 ± 5.31 [4–18] | 10.00 ± 6.32 [4–18] | 8.80 ± 5.06 [4–15] | |
P-value a: 0.760 b | ||||
Walking disability | 1.78 ± 1.30 [1–5] | 2.00 ± 2.00 | 1.6 ± 0.54 | |
P-value a: 0.730 c | ||||
Number of Rituximab injections so far | Once | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Twice | 3 (33.3%) | 2 (50%) | 1 (20%) | |
Thrice | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
> 4 doses | 6 (66.6%) | 2 (50%) | 4 (80%) | |
Extended Interval Dosing | Positive | 2 (22.2%) | 2 (50%) | 1 (20%) |
Negative | 7 (77.7%) | 2 (50%) | 4 (80%) | |
Comorbidity | Positive | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Negative | 9 (100%) | 4 (100%) | 5 (100%) | |
Recent relapse | Positive | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Negative | 9 (100%) | 4 (100%) | 5 (100%) | |
Corticosteroids consumption | positive | 1 (11.1%) | 1 (25%) | 0 (0%) |
Negative | 8 (88.8%) | 3 (75%) | 5 (100%) | |
self-isolation | Positive | 6 (66.6%) | 3 (75%) | 3 (60%) |
Negative | 3 (33.3%) | 1 (25%) | 2 (40%) | |
COVID-19 contact | Positive | 4 (44.4%) | 1 (25%) | 4 (80%) |
Negative | 5 (55.5%) | 3 (75%) | 1 (20%) | |
Final outcome | Cured/Discharged | 7 (77.7%) | 4 (100%) | 3 (60%) |
Death | 2 (22.2%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (40%) | |
Incidence Rate | Mild to Moderate Condition | Serious Condition | Case Fatality Rate | |
3.4% | 44.4% | 11% | 22.2% |