Background
Methods
Study populations
Study design
Statistical analysis
Results
General demographic characteristics of people living with HIV/AIDS in Liuzhou City during different periods from 2006 to 2020
Covariate | 2006–2020 (N%) | Period one (N%) | Period two (N%) | Period three (N%) | Period four (N%) |
P-value
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||||
Female | 5,630 (30.36) | 1,998 (33.92) | 1,796 (29.63) | 894 (27.71) | 942 (27.99) | < 0.001 |
Male | 12,913 (69.64) | 3,892 (66.08) | 4,266 (70.37) | 2,332 (72.29) | 2,423 (72.01) | |
Age of diagnosis, y | ||||||
≤ 30 | 3,347 (18.05) | 1,717 (29.15) | 928 (15.31) | 410 (12.71) | 292 (8.68) | < 0.001 |
31 ~ 60 | 10,688 (57.64) | 3,422 (58.10) | 3,575 (58.97) | 1,900 (58.90) | 1,791 (53.22) | |
≥ 61 | 4,508 (24.31) | 751 (12.75) | 1,559 (25.72) | 916 (28.39) | 1,282 (38.10) | |
Household registration | ||||||
Liunan District | 8,595 (46.40) | 2,427 (41.20) | 3,198 (52.80) | 1,456 (45.10) | 1,514 (45.00) | |
Other districts in Liuzhou | 8,074 (43.50) | 2,621 (44.50) | 2,356 (38.90) | 1,493 (46.30) | 1,604 (47.70) | < 0.001 |
Others | 1,874 (10.10) | 842 (14.30) | 508 (8.40) | 277 (8.60) | 247 (7.30) | |
Occupation | ||||||
Housekeeping | 3,516 (18.96) | 1,360 (23.09) | 963 (15.89) | 611 (19.94) | 582 (17.30) | 0.309 |
Farmer | 10,928 (58.94) | 2,957 (50.20) | 3,922 (64.70) | 1,911 (59.24) | 2,138 (63.54) | |
Laborer | 778 (4.20) | 299 (5.08) | 225 (3.71) | 162 (5.02) | 92 (2.73) | |
Business Service Provider | 1,054 (5.68) | 240 (4.07) | 149 (2.46) | 90 (2.79) | 98 (2.90) | |
Retirees | 1,690 (9.11) | 279 (4.74) | 351 (5.79) | 198 (6.14) | 226 (6.72) | |
Others | 577 (3.11) | 755 (12.82) | 452 (7.46) | 254 (7.87) | 229 (6.81) | |
Marital status | ||||||
Unmarried | 4,350 (23.46) | 1,468 (24.92) | 3,330 (21.94) | 775 (24.02) | 777 (23.09) | < 0.001 |
Married | 10,563 (56.96) | 3,559 (60.42) | 3,523 (58.12) | 1,753 (54.34) | 1,728 (51.35) | |
Widowed/Divorced | 3,630 (19.58) | 863 (14.66) | 1,209 (19.94) | 698 (21.64) | 860 (25.56) | |
Ethnicity | ||||||
Han | 10,153 (54.76) | 3,422 (58.10) | 3,398 (56.05) | 1,667 (51.67) | 1,666 (49.51) | < 0.001 |
Zhuang | 7,169 (38.66) | 2,223 (37.74) | 2,292 (37.81) | 1,287 (39.90) | 1,367 (40.62) | |
Others | 1,221 (6.58) | 245 (4.16) | 372 (6.14) | 272 (8.43) | 332 (9.87) | |
Educational level | ||||||
Primary or below | 8,384 (45.21) | 2,339 (39.71) | 2,772 (45.73) | 1,507 (46.71) | 1,766 (52.48) | < 0.001 |
Junior high school | 7,563 (40.79) | 2,741 (46.54) | 2,519 (41.55) | 1,217 (37.72) | 1,086 (32.27) | |
Senior high school | 1,854 (10.00) | 665 (11.29) | 559 (9.22) | 319 (9.89) | 311 (9.24) | |
College or above | 742 (4.00) | 145 (2.46) | 212 (3.50) | 183 (5.68) | 202 (6.01) | |
Route of HIV transmission | ||||||
Heterosexual behavior | 16,284 (87.82) | 4,527 (76.86) | 5,692 (93.90) | 2,935 (90.98) | 3,130 (93.02) | < 0.001 |
Homosexual behavior | 523 (2.82) | 29 (0.49) | 115 (1.90) | 194 (6.01) | 185 (5.50) | |
Injecting drug use | 1,233 (6.65) | 961 (16.32) | 175 (2.89) | 70 (2.17) | 27 (0.80) | |
Others | 503 (2.71) | 373 (6.33) | 80 (1.32) | 27 (0.84) | 23 (0.68) | |
Counts of CD4+ T cells (cells⁄mm 3) | ||||||
Not Tested | 2,268 (12.23) | 1,065 (18.08) | 695 (11.46) | 188 (5.83) | 320 (9.51) | < 0.001 |
≤ 200 | 4,816 (25.97) | 1,332 (22.61) | 1,473 (24.30) | 793 (24.58) | 1,218 (36.20) | |
200 ~ 350 | 4,081 (22.01) | 1,103 (18.73) | 1,325 (21.86) | 853 (26.44) | 800 (23.77) | |
350 ~ 500 | 3,354 (18.09) | 1,036 (17.59) | 1,157 (19.09) | 627 (19.44) | 534 (15.87) | |
> 500 | 4,024 (21.70) | 1,354 (22.99) | 1,412 (23.29) | 765 (23.71) | 493 (14.65) | |
ART | ||||||
Yes | 13,589 (73.28) | 3,930 (66.72) | 4,449 (73.39) | 2,615 (81.06) | 2,595 (77.12) | < 0.001 |
No | 4,954 (26.72) | 1,960 (33.28) | 1,613 (26.61) | 611 (18.94) | 770 (22.88) |
High-risk behaviors for HIV infection
Covariate | Groupe |
χ
2 test for trend |
P-value for Trend | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
period one (N%) | period two (N%) | period three (N%) | period four (N%) | |||
History of injecting drug use | ||||||
No | 4,904 (83.26) | 5,869 (96.82) | 3,155 (97.80) | 3,331 (98.99) | 911.272 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 986 (16.74) | 193 (3.18) | 71 (2.20) | 34 (1.01) | ||
History of non-commercial sexuality | ||||||
No | 5,778 (98.10) | 5,969 (98.47) | 2,119 (65.69) | 1,941 (57.68) | 3,855.978 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 112 (1.90) | 93 (1.53) | 1,107 (34.31) | 1,424 (42.32) | ||
History of commercial sexuality | ||||||
No | 5,727 (97.23) | 5,970 (98.48) | 1,613 (50.00) | 1,889 (56.14) | 4,198.971 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 163 (2.77) | 92 (1.52) | 1,613 (50.00) | 1,476 (43.86) | ||
Mother was HIV positive | ||||||
No | 5,816 (98.74) | 6,032 (99.51) | 3,208 (99.44) | 3,357 (99.76) | 31.087 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 74 (1.26) | 30 (0.49) | 18 (0.56) | 8 (0.24) | ||
MSM | ||||||
No | 5,855 (99.41) | 5,942 (98.02) | 3,032 (93.99) | 3,177 (94.41) | 285.489 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 35 (0.59) | 120 (1.98) | 194 (6.01) | 188 (5.59) | ||
Positive spouse/regular sex partner | ||||||
No | 5,012 (85.09) | 5,235 (86.36) | 2,882 (89.34) | 3,016 (89.63) | 53.615 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 878 (14.91) | 827 (13.64) | 344 (10.66) | 349 (10.37) | ||
History of surgery or blood donation | ||||||
No | 5,808 (98.61) | 6,022 (99.34) | 3,213 (99.60) | 3,357 (99.76) | 42.881 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 82 (1.39) | 40 (0.66) | 13 (0.40) | 8 (0.24) | ||
History of other exposures | ||||||
No | 5,752 (97.66) | 6,036 (99.57) | 3,215 (99.70) | 3,357 (99.76) | 107.783 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 138 (2.34) | 26 (0.43) | 11 (0.34) | 8 (0.24) |
The survival rate of people living with HIV/AIDS in Liuzhou City from 2006 to 2020
Year | Time since diagnosis (months) | Number of Observers | Number of missed visits | Number of deaths | Mortality | Survival rate | Cumulative survival rate | Cumulative survival standard error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
period one | 0 | 5,890 | 17 | 1,143 | 0.19 | 0.81 | 0. 81 | 0.01 |
12 | 4,730 | 14 | 281 | 0.06 | 0. 94 | 0.76 | 0.01 | |
24 | 4,435 | 16 | 162 | 0.04 | 0. 96 | 0.73 | 0.01 | |
36 | 4,257 | 3,752 | 505 | 0.21 | 0. 79 | 0.58 | 0.01 | |
period two | 0 | 6,062 | 296 | 755 | 0.13 | 0. 87 | 0.87 | 0 |
12 | 5,011 | 172 | 134 | 0.03 | 0. 97 | 0.85 | 0 | |
24 | 4,705 | 145 | 65 | 0.01 | 0.99 | 0.84 | 0 | |
36 | 4,495 | 4,235 | 260 | 0.11 | 0.89 | 0.75 | 0.01 | |
period three | 0 | 3,226 | 267 | 153 | 0.05 | 0. 95 | 0.95 | 0 |
12 | 2,806 | 99 | 59 | 0.02 | 0.98 | 0.93 | 0 | |
24 | 2,648 | 46 | 37 | 0.01 | 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.01 | |
36 | 2,565 | 2,515 | 50 | 0.04 | 0.96 | 0.88 | 0.01 | |
period four | 0 | 3,365 | 247 | 177 | 0.05 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0 |
12 | 2,941 | 34 | 25 | 0.01 | 0.99 | 0.94 | 0 | |
24 | 2,882 | 9 | 7 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0 | |
36 | 2,866 | 2,866 | 0 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0 |
Factors influencing survival time
Covariate | Number of cases(N%) | Univariate cox regression | Multivariate cox regression | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
P-value
| RR value (95% CI) |
P-value
| RR value (95% CI) | ||
Sex | |||||
Female | 5,630 (30.36) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
Male | 12,913 (69.64) | < 0.001 | 1.965(1.815 ~ 2.1276) | < 0.001 | 1.239(1.138 ~ 1.348) |
Age at diagnosis, y | |||||
≤ 30 | 3,347 (18.05) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
31 ~ 60 | 10,688 (57.64) | < 0.001 | 1.457(1.321 ~ 1.607) | < 0.001 | 1.306(1.175 ~ 1.452) |
≥ 61 | 4,508 (24.31) | < 0.001 | 2.449(2.206 ~ 2.719) | < 0.001 | 1.583(1.387 ~ 1.808) |
Occupation | |||||
Housekeeping/housework/ standby jobs | 1,360 (23.09) | 1.000 | |||
Farmer | 2,957 (50.20) | < 0.001 | 1.239(1.135 ~ 1.352) | 0.075 | 1.090(0.991 ~ 1.199) |
Laborer | 299 (5.08) | 0.267 | 0.899(0.745 ~ 1.085) | 0.157 | 1.148(0.948 ~ 1.391) |
Business Service Provider | 240 (4.07) | < 0.001 | 2.094(1.837 ~ 2.387) | 0.027 | 1.180(1.019 ~ 1.366) |
Retirees | 279 (4.74) | 0.085 | 1.121(0.984 ~ 1.278) | 0.914 | 0.993(0.869 ~ 1.134) |
Others | 755 (12.82) | 0.001 | 0.664(0.522 ~ 0.844) | 0.687 | 0.951(0.744 ~ 1.215) |
Household registration | |||||
Liunan District | 8,595 (46.40) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
Other districts in Liuzhou | 8,074 (43.50) | < 0.001 | 1.393(1.238 ~ 1.568) | < 0.001 | 1.461(1.293 ~ 1.650) |
Others | 1,874 (10.10) | < 0.001 | 1.256(1.115 ~ 1.415) | < 0.001 | 1.340(1.186 ~ 1.515) |
Timing of treatment | |||||
Period four | 3,365 (18.15) | 1.000 | |||
Period three | 3,226 (17.40) | < 0.001 | 1.393(1.167 ~ 1.663) | < 0.001 | 2.334(1.954 ~ 2.789) |
Period two | 6,062 (32.69) | < 0.001 | 3.045(2.629 ~ 3.528) | < 0.001 | 3.701(3.191 ~ 4.294) |
Period one | 5,890 (31.76) | < 0.001 | 5.452(4.727 ~ 6.287) | < 0.001 | 5.388(4.649 ~ 6.244) |
Marital status | |||||
Unmarried | 4,350 (23.46) | 1.000 | |||
Married | 10,563 (56.96) | 0.270 | 0.957(0.886 ~ 1.034) | 0.932 | 1.004(0.920 ~ 1.096) |
Widowed/Divorced | 3,630 (19.58) | 0.152 | 1.073(0.975 ~ 1.181) | 0.867 | 0.965(0.867 ~ 1.074) |
Ethnicity | |||||
Han | 10,153 (54.76) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
Zhuang | 7,169 (38.66) | < 0.001 | 0.815(0.762 ~ 0.871) | < 0.001 | 0.881(0.822 ~ 0.944) |
Others | 1,221 (6.58) | < 0.001 | 0.427(0.356 ~ 0.511) | < 0.001 | 0.642(0.535 ~ 0.771) |
Educational level | |||||
College or above | 742 (4.00) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
Junior high school | 1,854 (10.00) | < 0.001 | 2.403(1.785 ~ 3.234) | 0.019 | 1.410(1.059 ~ 1.876) |
Senior high school | 7,563 (40.79) | < 0.001 | 2.957(2.236 ~ 3.909) | 0.092 | 1.277(0.961 ~ 1.698) |
Primary or below | 8,384 (45.21) | < 0.001 | 4.132 (3.129 ~ 5.456) | 0.019 | 1.432(1.061 ~ 1.933) |
Route of transmission | |||||
Heterosexual | 16,284 (87.82) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
Homosexual | 523 (2.82) | < 0.001 | 0.145(0.089 ~ 0.237) | 0.006 | 0.496(0.300 ~ 0.819) |
Injecting drug use | 1,233 (6.65) | < 0.001 | 2.187(1.991 ~ 2.403) | 0.109 | 0.915(0.822 ~ 1.020) |
Others | 503 (2.71) | < 0.001 | 2.448(2.126 ~ 2.819) | < 0.001 | 1.374(1.187 ~ 1.591) |
ART | |||||
Yes | 13,589 (73.28) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
No | 4,954 (26.72) | < 0.001 | 15.815(14.689 ~ 17.027) | < 0.001 | 5.987(5.478 ~ 6.543) |
Count of CD4+ T cells (cells⁄mm 3) | |||||
Not Tested | 2,268 (12.23) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
≤ 200 | 4,816 (25.97) | < 0.001 | 0.013(0.011 ~ 0.016) | < 0.001 | 0.832(0.769 ~ 0.899) |
200 ~ < 350 | 4,081 (22.01) | < 0.001 | 0.271(0.252 ~ 0.291) | < 0.001 | 0.197(0.173 ~ 0.225) |
350 ~ < 500 | 3,354 (18.09) | < 0.001 | 0.046(0.041 ~ 0.051) | < 0.001 | 0.115(0.097 ~ 0.137) |
> 500 | 4,024 (21.70) | < 0.001 | 0.024(0.028 ~ 0.020) | < 0.001 | 0.070(0.057 ~ 0.087) |