Background
Review methodology
Identification of the research question
Identification of relevant studies
Study selection
Criteria for study inclusion | Criteria for study exclusion |
---|---|
Participants | |
• Patients receiving spinal manual treatment • Health or legal professionals reporting upon patients receiving spinal manual treatment | |
Study design | Article type |
• Studies whose primary aims address risks of care &/or adverse events & that are: • Meta-analyses • Systematic reviewsa
• Controlled studies • Surveys • Cohort studies • Case reportsb
• Scientific reportsc
| • Reviews (without a systematic approach)d
• Editorials, commentaries or opinion articlesd
• Letterse, correspondences or author responses • Studies whose primary aims address clinical outcomes (but may report occurrence of adverse events)f
• Study protocols • Conference abstractsg
|
Intervention | Intervention |
• Spinal manual treatment (manipulation or mobilisation), provided by a health professional | • Patient self-manipulation • Spinal manual treatment provided by a lay-person |
Outcomes | Outcomes |
• Adverse events | • Biomechanical or physiological responses as proxy adverse effects |