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CNS Drugs
Erschienen in: CNS Drugs 5/2011

01.05.2011 | Review Article

Glatiramer Acetate in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Emerging Concepts Regarding its Mechanism of Action

verfasst von: Patrice H. Lalive, Oliver Neuhaus, Mahdia Benkhoucha, Danielle Burger, Reinhard Hohlfeld, Scott S. Zamvil, Dr Martin S. Weber

Erschienen in: CNS Drugs | Ausgabe 5/2011

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Abstract

Glatiramer acetate is a synthetic, random copolymer widely used as a first-line agent for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). While earlier studies primarily attributed its clinical effect to a shift in the cytokine secretion of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells, growing evidence in MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), suggests that glatiramer acetate treatment is associated with a broader immunomodulatory effect on cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system. To date, glatiramer acetate-mediated modulation of antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as monocytes and dendritic cells, CD4+ Th cells, CD8+ T cells, Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and antibody production by plasma cells have been reported; in addition, most recent investigations indicate that glatiramer acetate treatment may also promote regulatory B-cell properties. Experimental evidence suggests that, among these diverse effects, a fostering interplay between anti-inflammatory T-cell populations and regulatory type II APC may be the central axis in glatiramer acetate-mediated immune modulation of CNS autoimmune disease. Besides altering inflammatory processes, glatiramer acetate could exert direct neuroprotective and/or neuroregenerative properties, which could be of relevance for the treatment of MS, but even more so for primarily neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and critical overview of established and recent findings aiming to elucidate the complex mechanism of action of glatiramer acetate.
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Metadaten
Titel
Glatiramer Acetate in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
Emerging Concepts Regarding its Mechanism of Action
verfasst von
Patrice H. Lalive
Oliver Neuhaus
Mahdia Benkhoucha
Danielle Burger
Reinhard Hohlfeld
Scott S. Zamvil
Dr Martin S. Weber
Publikationsdatum
01.05.2011
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
CNS Drugs / Ausgabe 5/2011
Print ISSN: 1172-7047
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1934
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/11588120-000000000-00000

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