Localized conjunctival amyloidosis due to familial Mediterranean fever

Excerpt

A 32-year-old female presented with left-sided orbital mass, ptosis, and subconjunctival bleeding (Fig. 1a). Increased thickness of the left upper eyelid was detected in cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Fig. 1b). The workup included a complete blood count, angiotensin-converting enzyme, calcium, PTH, thyroid function tests, and IgG4 levels that were within normal limits. Rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibody, and antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody tests were negative. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of the biopsy specimen demonstrated homogeneous, amorphous eosinophilic material in the conjunctival stroma. Under polarized light, the Congo red-stained material revealed a green birefringence characteristic of amyloid deposition. Negative IgG4 staining was detected. There was no organomegaly on physical examination. She had no proteinuria, and needle biopsy of abdominal subcutaneous fat was negative for amyloidosis. Cardiac MRI and bone marrow biopsy were normal. When the detailed history was obtained from the patient, it was learned that she had been experiencing abdominal pain, fever, and occasional pleuritic pain attacks since the age of 18. The patient with heterozygous R202Q polymorphism and good clinical response to colchicine was diagnosed with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). We present a case of FMF presenting with isolated eyelid and conjunctival amyloidosis.

…