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Current Osteoporosis Reports

Erschienen in:

13.11.2019 | Osteoimmunology (M Nakamura and J Lorenzo, Section Editors)

Mechanisms of Immune Evasion and Bone Tissue Colonization That Make Staphylococcus aureus the Primary Pathogen in Osteomyelitis

verfasst von: Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan, Elysia A. Masters, John L. Daiss, Edward M. Schwarz

Erschienen in: Current Osteoporosis Reports | Ausgabe 6/2019

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Staphylococcus aureus is the primary pathogen responsible for osteomyelitis, which remains a major healthcare burden. To understand its dominance, here we review the unique pathogenic mechanisms utilized by S. aureus that enable it to cause incurable osteomyelitis.

Recent Findings

Using an arsenal of toxins and virulence proteins, S. aureus kills and usurps immune cells during infection, to produce non-neutralizing pathogenic antibodies that thwart adaptive immunity. S. aureus also has specific mechanisms for distinct biofilm formation on implants, necrotic bone tissue, bone marrow, and within the osteocyte lacuno-canicular networks (OLCN) of live bone. In vitro studies have also demonstrated potential for intracellular colonization of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.

Summary

S. aureus has evolved a multitude of virulence mechanisms to achieve life-long infection of the bone, most notably colonization of OLCN. Targeting S. aureus proteins involved in these pathways could provide new targets for antibiotics and immunotherapies.

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Titel: Mechanisms of Immune Evasion and Bone Tissue Colonization That Make Staphylococcus aureus the Primary Pathogen in Osteomyelitis
verfasst von: Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan
Elysia A. Masters
John L. Daiss
Edward M. Schwarz
Publikationsdatum: 13.11.2019
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Osteoporosis Reports / Ausgabe 6/2019
Print ISSN: 1544-1873
Elektronische ISSN: 1544-2241
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-019-00548-4

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