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01.06.2006

Mediators of the Stress–Substance–Use Relationship in Urban Male Adolescents

verfasst von: Diana H. Fishbein, Mindy Herman-Stahl, Diana Eldreth, Mallie J. Paschall, Christopher Hyde, Robert Hubal, Scott Hubbard, Jason Williams, Nicholas Ialongo

Erschienen in: Prevention Science | Ausgabe 2/2006

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Abstract

Exposure to chronic or severe acute stressors throughout the lifespan has been linked with numerous negative behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and physical consequences. Adolescence is considered to be a particularly vulnerable period given that the brain is experiencing dramatic developmental change during this time. The present study examined a sample of adolescents (N=125) considered to be at high risk for stress exposures and drug use by virtue of their environment and low income levels to identify possible neurocognitive (i.e., impulsivity, delay of gratification, emotional perception, and risky decision-making) and social competency mechanisms that may mediate this relationship. Using Mplus, a mediational model was tested using full information maximum likelihood estimates. Risky decision-making and poor social competency skills were related to previous stressful experiences; however, only social competencies mediated the effect of stressors on reports of past year marijuana, alcohol, and polydrug use. As such, stress appears to exert its negative impact through alterations in abilities to generate and execute prosocial decisions and behaviors. Interventions that directly address the effects of stress on social competencies may be especially important for children who have experienced adversity including those exposed to parental divorce, parental psychopathology, neglect or abuse, parental death, and poverty.

IQ was based on the Vocabulary and Block Design components of the WISC-III. Both the scores were relatively low in this population; however, mean scores on the vocabulary portion, which is sensitive to experience and level of education, were particular low.

Two additional mean stress measures were constructed consisting of stressors related to violence and stressors not associated with violence. Because results were comparable, only those for the overall stress measure are presented.

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Titel: Mediators of the Stress–Substance–Use Relationship in Urban Male Adolescents
verfasst von: Diana H. Fishbein
Mindy Herman-Stahl
Diana Eldreth
Mallie J. Paschall
Christopher Hyde
Robert Hubal
Scott Hubbard
Jason Williams
Nicholas Ialongo
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2006
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Prevention Science / Ausgabe 2/2006
Print ISSN: 1389-4986
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-6695
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-006-0027-4

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