Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Religion and Health 6/2018

08.02.2018 | Original Paper

Moral Objections and Fear of Hell: An Important Barrier to Suicidality

verfasst von: Bart van den Brink, Hanneke Schaap, Arjan W. Braam

Erschienen in: Journal of Religion and Health | Ausgabe 6/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

This review explores the literature to test the hypothesis that ‘moral objections to suicide (MOS), especially the conviction of going to hell after committing suicide, exert a restraining effect on suicide and suicidality.’ Medline and PsycInfo were searched using all relevant search terms; all relevant articles were selected, rated and reviewed. Fifteen cross-sectional studies were available on this topic, and raise sufficient evidence to confirm a restraining effect of MOS, and sparse data on fear of hell. MOS seem to counteract especially the development of suicidal intent and attempts, and possibly the lethality of suicidal attempts. A differential pattern of influence of MOS on the suicidal continuum is suggested.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Bertolote, J. M., & Fleischmann, A. (2002). Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective. World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 1(3), 181–185. Bertolote, J. M., & Fleischmann, A. (2002). Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective. World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 1(3), 181–185.
Zurück zum Zitat Chatterjee, I., & Basu, J. (2010). Perceived causes of suicide, reasons for living and suicidal ideation among students. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 36(2), 311–316. Chatterjee, I., & Basu, J. (2010). Perceived causes of suicide, reasons for living and suicidal ideation among students. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 36(2), 311–316.
Zurück zum Zitat Deng, Y., Xiong, Y., & Lin, Y. (2012). Revising the reasons for living inventory for Chinese College Students. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2012(3), 332–335. Deng, Y., Xiong, Y., & Lin, Y. (2012). Revising the reasons for living inventory for Chinese College Students. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2012(3), 332–335.
Zurück zum Zitat Dervic, K., Oquendo, M. A., Currier, D., Grunebaum, M. F., Burke, A. K., & Mann, J. J. (2006b). Moral objections to suicide: Can they counteract suicidality in patients with cluster B psychopathology? The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67(4), 620–625.CrossRef Dervic, K., Oquendo, M. A., Currier, D., Grunebaum, M. F., Burke, A. K., & Mann, J. J. (2006b). Moral objections to suicide: Can they counteract suicidality in patients with cluster B psychopathology? The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67(4), 620–625.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Echávarri, O., Morales, S., Bedregal, P., Barros, J., de la Paz Maino, M., Fischman, R., et al. (2015). “Por Qué No Me Suicidaría?” Comparación Entre Pacientes Hospitalizados en un Servicio de Psiquiatría con Distinta Conducta Suicida [Why Wouldn’t I Kill Myself? Comparison Between Psychiatric Inpatients With Different Suicidal Behavior.]. Psykhe (Santiago), 24(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.24.1.667.CrossRef Echávarri, O., Morales, S., Bedregal, P., Barros, J., de la Paz Maino, M., Fischman, R., et al. (2015). “Por Qué No Me Suicidaría?” Comparación Entre Pacientes Hospitalizados en un Servicio de Psiquiatría con Distinta Conducta Suicida [Why Wouldn’t I Kill Myself? Comparison Between Psychiatric Inpatients With Different Suicidal Behavior.]. Psykhe (Santiago), 24(1), 1–11. https://​doi.​org/​10.​7764/​psykhe.​24.​1.​667.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Garza, M. J., & Cramer, R. J. (2011). The Spanish Reasons for Living Inventory (SRFL-I): factor structure and association with suicide risk among Spanish speaking Hispanics. Archives of Suicide Research: Official Journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research, 15(4), 354–371. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2011.615704.CrossRef Garza, M. J., & Cramer, R. J. (2011). The Spanish Reasons for Living Inventory (SRFL-I): factor structure and association with suicide risk among Spanish speaking Hispanics. Archives of Suicide Research: Official Journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research, 15(4), 354–371. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1080/​13811118.​2011.​615704.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Joe, S., Romer, D., & Jamieson, P. E. (2007). Suicide acceptability is related to suicide planning in US adolescents and young adults. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 37(2), 165–178.CrossRef Joe, S., Romer, D., & Jamieson, P. E. (2007). Suicide acceptability is related to suicide planning in US adolescents and young adults. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 37(2), 165–178.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Koenig, H. G., King, D. E., & Carson, V. B. (2012). Handbook of religion and health (2nd ed.). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. Koenig, H. G., King, D. E., & Carson, V. B. (2012). Handbook of religion and health (2nd ed.). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee, Y., & Oh, K. J. (2012). Validation of reasons for living and their relationship with suicidal ideation in Korean college students. Death Studies, 36(8), 712–722.CrossRef Lee, Y., & Oh, K. J. (2012). Validation of reasons for living and their relationship with suicidal ideation in Korean college students. Death Studies, 36(8), 712–722.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mahmoudi, O., Asgari, A., Azkhosh, M., & Khodabakhshi Kolaee, A. (2010). Exploring the validity, reliability and standardization of Adult reasons for living inventory. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 16(3), 239–247. Mahmoudi, O., Asgari, A., Azkhosh, M., & Khodabakhshi Kolaee, A. (2010). Exploring the validity, reliability and standardization of Adult reasons for living inventory. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 16(3), 239–247.
Zurück zum Zitat Malone, K. M., Oquendo, M. A., Haas, G. L., Ellis, S. P., Li, S., & Mann, J. J. (2000). Protective factors against suicidal acts in major depression: Reasons for living. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(7), 1084–1088.CrossRef Malone, K. M., Oquendo, M. A., Haas, G. L., Ellis, S. P., Li, S., & Mann, J. J. (2000). Protective factors against suicidal acts in major depression: Reasons for living. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(7), 1084–1088.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Morrison, L. L., & Downey, D. L. (2000). Racial differences in self-disclosure of suicidal ideation and reasons for living: Implications for training. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 6(4), 374–386.CrossRef Morrison, L. L., & Downey, D. L. (2000). Racial differences in self-disclosure of suicidal ideation and reasons for living: Implications for training. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 6(4), 374–386.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Neeleman, J., Halpern, D., Leon, D., & Lewis, G. (1997). Tolerance of suicide, religion and suicide rates: an ecological and individual study in 19 Western countries. Psychological Medicine, 27(5), 1165–1171.CrossRef Neeleman, J., Halpern, D., Leon, D., & Lewis, G. (1997). Tolerance of suicide, religion and suicide rates: an ecological and individual study in 19 Western countries. Psychological Medicine, 27(5), 1165–1171.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Oquendo, M. A., Dragatsi, D., Harkavy-Friedman, J., Dervic, K., Currier, D., Burke, A. K., et al. (2005). Protective factors against suicidal behavior in Latinos. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 193(7), 438–443.CrossRef Oquendo, M. A., Dragatsi, D., Harkavy-Friedman, J., Dervic, K., Currier, D., Burke, A. K., et al. (2005). Protective factors against suicidal behavior in Latinos. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 193(7), 438–443.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Paykel, E. S., Myers, J. K., Lindenthal, J. J., & Tanner, J. (1974). Suicidal feelings in the general population: a prevalence study. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 124(582), 460–469.CrossRef Paykel, E. S., Myers, J. K., Lindenthal, J. J., & Tanner, J. (1974). Suicidal feelings in the general population: a prevalence study. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 124(582), 460–469.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rix, A. (1994). Do you go to hell if you commit suicide? Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 32(10), 52.PubMed Rix, A. (1994). Do you go to hell if you commit suicide? Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 32(10), 52.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Salander Renberg, E. (2001). Self-reported life-weariness, death-wishes, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicide attempts in general population surveys in the north of Sweden 1986 and 1996. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 36(9), 429–436.CrossRef Salander Renberg, E. (2001). Self-reported life-weariness, death-wishes, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicide attempts in general population surveys in the north of Sweden 1986 and 1996. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 36(9), 429–436.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Stack, S., & Kposowa, A. J. (2011). Religion and suicide acceptability: a cross-national analysis. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 50(2), 289–306.CrossRef Stack, S., & Kposowa, A. J. (2011). Religion and suicide acceptability: a cross-national analysis. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 50(2), 289–306.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Turecki, G. (2005). Dissecting the suicide phenotype: the role of impulsive–aggressive behaviours. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 30(6), 398–408.PubMedPubMedCentral Turecki, G. (2005). Dissecting the suicide phenotype: the role of impulsive–aggressive behaviours. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 30(6), 398–408.PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Valencia, J. G., Acosta, C. A. P., Vargas, G., et al. (2009). Validation of the Reasons for Living Inventory (RFL) in subjects with suicidal behavior in Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 38(1), 66–84. Valencia, J. G., Acosta, C. A. P., Vargas, G., et al. (2009). Validation of the Reasons for Living Inventory (RFL) in subjects with suicidal behavior in Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 38(1), 66–84.
Zurück zum Zitat Verhagen, P. J., Braam, A., Chafekar, P., Spijker, J., & de Graaf, R. (2012). Geloven gezond? [Is believing healthy?]. In P. J. Verhagen & H. J. G. M. van Megen (Eds.), Handboek psychiatrie, religie en spiritualiteit [Handbook of psychiatry, religion and spirituality] (pp. 381–400). Utrecht: De Tijdstroom. Verhagen, P. J., Braam, A., Chafekar, P., Spijker, J., & de Graaf, R. (2012). Geloven gezond? [Is believing healthy?]. In P. J. Verhagen & H. J. G. M. van Megen (Eds.), Handboek psychiatrie, religie en spiritualiteit [Handbook of psychiatry, religion and spirituality] (pp. 381–400). Utrecht: De Tijdstroom.
Metadaten
Titel
Moral Objections and Fear of Hell: An Important Barrier to Suicidality
verfasst von
Bart van den Brink
Hanneke Schaap
Arjan W. Braam
Publikationsdatum
08.02.2018
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Religion and Health / Ausgabe 6/2018
Print ISSN: 0022-4197
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-6571
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0573-7

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2018

Journal of Religion and Health 6/2018 Zur Ausgabe