Background
Methods
Statistical Analysis
Results
Number in study | 1453 |
---|---|
Study arm, number (%) | |
Facility | 594 (41) |
Home | 859 (59) |
Women, number (%) | 1031 (71) |
Age in years, median (IQR) | 38 (32-44) |
Education level, number (%) | |
No education | 234 (16) |
Primary | 816 (56) |
Secondary/tertiary | 403 (28) |
Clients' main occupation, number (%) | |
Business/self employed/professional | 615 (42) |
Farmer | 389 (27) |
Unemployed/Housewife | 434 (30) |
Other | 15 (1) |
WHO stage, number (%) | |
I | 20 (1) |
II | 642 (44) |
III | 673 (46) |
IV | 118 (8) |
CD4 cell count cells/μl at enrolment, number (%) | |
< 50 | 444 (30) |
50-99 | 232 (16) |
100-200 | 654 (45) |
> 200 | 123 (9) |
Median (IQR) cells/μl | 108 (35-165) |
Plasma viral load copies/ml, number (%) | |
< 1,000 | 21 (2) |
1,000-9,999 | 40 (3) |
10,000-99,999 | 454 (31) |
100,000-999,999 | 832 (57) |
> = 1,000,000 | 106 |
Median (IQR), copies/ml | 163,224 (63,616-370,412) |
On cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, number (%) | 1403 (97%) |
Haemoglobin g/dl, number (%) * | |
≥ 11 | 701 (48%) |
9.5 - 10.9 | 407 (28%) |
8.0 - 9.4 | 242 (17%) |
6.5 - 7.9 | 80 (6%) |
< 6.5 | 19 (1%) |
Median g/dl (IQR) | 10.9 (IQR 9.5 - 12.3) |
Weight, kg, number (%) | |
< 50 | 431 (30%) |
50-60 | 698 (48%) |
> 60 | 317 (22%) |
Mean kg (sd) | 54.2 (9.2) |
Factor | Level | n | Deaths | Mortality rate per 100 person-years (95% C.I.) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Male | 422 | 69 | 8.0 (6.3; 10.2) |
Female | 1031 | 128 | 5.7 (4.8; 6.8) | |
Age | ≤ 30 | 251 | 41 | 8.7 (6.4; 11.8) |
31 to 40 | 670 | 83 | 5.8 (4.7; 7.2) | |
> 40 | 532 | 73 | 6.2 (4.9; 7.7) | |
WHO stage | I | 20 | 1 | 2.3 (0.3; 16.0) |
II | 642 | 55 | 3.8 (2.9; 5.0) | |
III | 673 | 109 | 7.8 (6.5; 9.4) | |
IV | 118 | 32 | 14.9 (10.5; 21.0) | |
Baseline CD4 count cells/mm3 | <50 | 444 | 110 | 13.0 (10.8; 15.6) |
50-99 | 232 | 20 | 3.9 (2.5; 6.0) | |
100 - 149 | 306 | 33 | 4.9 (3.5; 6.9) | |
150 - 199 | 339 | 21 | 2.8 (1.8; 4.2) | |
≥ 200 | 132 | 13 | 4.5 (2.6; 7.7) | |
Baseline plasma viral load copies/ml | <1,000 | 21 | 3 | 6.7 (2.2; 20.7) |
1,000 - 9,999 | 40 | 2 | 2.6 (0.6; 10.3) | |
10,000 -99,999 | 454 | 49 | 4.9 (3.7; 6.5) | |
100,000 -999,999 | 832 | 130 | 7.4 (6.3; 8.8) | |
>1,000,000 | 106 | 13 | 5.7 (3.3; 9.9) | |
Weight (kg) * | < 50 | 431 | 94 | 11.0 (9.0; 13.4) |
50 - 60 | 698 | 76 | 5.0 (4.0; 6.3) | |
> 60 | 317 | 22 | 3.0 (2.0; 4.6) | |
Haemoglobin (g/dl) | ≥ 11 | 701 | 76 | 5.0 (4.0; 6.3) |
9.5 - 10.9 | 407 | 64 | 7.4 (5.8; 9.5) | |
8.0 - 9.4 | 242 | 37 | 7.4 (5.3; 10.2) | |
6.5 - 7.9 | 80 | 12 | 6.7 (3.8; 11.7) | |
<6.5 | 19 | 6 | 19.2 (8.6; 42.8) | |
Missing | 4 | 2 | ||
On cotrimoxazole prophylaxis | Yes | 1403 | 185 | 6.2 (5.3; 7.1) |
No | 50 | 12 | 12.0 (6.8; 21.1) | |
Study Arm | Facility Based | 594 | 80 | 6.5 (5.2; 8.1) |
Home Based | 859 | 117 | 6.3 (5.2; 7.5) | |
Time following initiating ART | 0 - 5 months | 1453 | 112 | 16.5 (13.7; 19.8) |
6 - 11 months | 1296 | 42 | 6.7 (5.0; 9.1) | |
12 - 23 months | 1168 | 32 | 3.0 (2.2; 4.3) | |
24 - 35 months | 872 | 8 | 1.3 (0.7; 2.6) | |
≥ 36 months | 314 | 3 | 2.4 (0.8; 7.6) |
Factor | Level | Unadjusted HR (95% c.i.) | Adjusted HR (95% c.i.) | Adjusted P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Male | 1 (ref. level) | 1 (ref. level) | 0.002 |
Female | 0.73 (0.52; 1.02) | 0.59 (0.44; 0.80) | ||
Study Arm | Facility | 1 (ref. level) | 1 (ref. level) | |
Home-based | 1.003 (0.77; 1.31) | 0.92 (0.70; 1.20) | 0.56 | |
Age | Per 10 year increase | 1.002 (0.84; 1.20) | 1.09 (0.91; 1.31) | 0.30 |
WHO stage | I | 0.58 (0.08; 4.0) | 0.72 (0.12; 4.42) | 0.009 |
II | 1 (ref. level) | 1 (ref. level) | ||
III | 1.99 (1.57; 2.53) | 1.41 (1.09; 1.83) | ||
IV | 3.64 (2.53; 5.23) | 2.23 (1.45; 3.43) | ||
√ CD4/25 | Per transformed CD4 increase * | 0.52 (0.44; 0.61) | 0.61 (0.51; 0.73) | < 0.001 |
Log10 plasma viral load | Per 1 log increase | 1.15 (1.004; 1.31) | 1.04 (0.91; 1.18) | 0.51 |
Weight | Per 5 kg increase | 0.74 (0.67; 0.82) | 0.77 (0.70; 0.85) | < 0.001 |
Haemoglobin | Per 2 g/dl increase | 0.82 (0.72; 0.93) | 0.93 (0.81; 1.07) | 0.35 |
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis | Yes No | 1 (ref. level) 2.03 (1.08; 3.81) | 1 (ref. level) 2.18 (1.10; 4.34) | 0.02 |
Overall | Deaths < 6 months | Deaths ≥ 6 months | |
---|---|---|---|
Cause of Death | |||
Central nervous system infections | 25 (13) | 19(17) | 6(7) |
Diarrheal disease with dehydration | 25 (13) | 17(15) | 8(10) |
Tuberculosis | 22 (11) | 13(12) | 9(11) |
Acute febrile illness | 22 (11) | 14(12) | 8 (10) |
Poor feeding/starvation | 14 (7) | 8(7) | 6(7) |
Anaemia | 13 (7) | 8 (7) | 5 (6) |
Septicemia | 13 (7) | 7 (6) | 6 (7) |
Pneumonia | 7 (4) | 3(3) | 4(5) |
Hemorrhage | 5 (3) | 2(2) | 3(4) |
Cardiovascular Disease | 4 (2) | 2(2) | 2(2) |
Kaposi's Sarcoma | 4 (2) | 4(4) | 0(0) |
Trauma/accidents | 3 (2) | 1(1) | 2(2) |
Liver failure | 3 (2) | 0(0) | 3(4) |
Suicide | 2 (1) | 1(1) | 1(1) |
Other | 4 (2) | 2(2) | 2(2) |
Unknown | 31 (16) | 12(11) | 19(23) |
Total | 197 | 113 | 84 |