Background
Methods
Animals
Preparation
Experimental procedure
Blood samples
Blood analysis
Statistical analysis and graphics
Results
Markers of ATC
Trauma, shock, and hemorrhage markers
Biological test | Baseline | Group C90 | Group T90 | Group H90 | Group TH90 | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trauma, shock, and hemorrhage | ||||||
pH | 7.39 ± 0.01 | 7.36 ± 0.04 a | 7.41 ± 0.01 ab | 7.43 ± 0.02 b | 7.45 ± 0.05 b† | 0.049* |
Base excess (mmol/L) | 0.4 ± 0.2 | − 2.4 ± 0.3 a† | − 5.4 ± 0.8 b† | − 2.6 ± 0.5 a† | − 8.03 ± 0.9 c† | < 0.001* |
PCO2 | 43 ± 0.86 | 34.9 ± 2 | 29.6 ± 1.8 † | 30.6 ± 1.9 † | 30.8 ± 7.9 † | < 0.001* |
Bicarbonates | 24.7 ± 0.8 | 19.1 ± 0.9 a† | 18.1 ± 0.8 ab† | 20.4 ± 0.5 a† | 15.5 ± 0.8 †b | < 0.001* |
Lactates (mmol/L) | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 1 ± 0.1 a† | 0.9 ± 0.2 a† | 1.3 ± 0.2 a† | 2 ± 0.4 b† | < 0.001* |
Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.51 ± 0.05 | 4.55 ± 0.22 a† | 4.68 ± 0.13 a† | 4.39 ± 0.13 a† | 5.95 ± 0.33 b† | < 0.001* |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 16.5 ± 0.1 | 14.8 ± 0.2 ab† | 15.6 ± 0.3 a† | 13.4 ± 0.6 c† | 14.1 ± 0.3 bc† | < 0.001* |
Thrombin generation | ||||||
Endogenous thrombin potential (nM/min) | 269 ± 9 | 228 ± 23 a | 262 ± 15 ab | 297 ± 17 ab | 312 ± 17 b | 0.016* |
Lagtime(min) | 2.07 ± 0.07 | 2.49 ± 0.10 † | 2.38 ± 0.08 † | 2.41 ± 0.14 † | 2.47 ± 0.09 † | < 0.001* |
Peak (nmol/L) | 93.0 ± 5.2 | 60.5 ± 6.7a† | 73.6 ± 5.7 ab† | 86.9 ± 6.8 b | 79.2 ± 6.6 ab | 0.009* |
Time to peak (min) | 4.0 ± 0.1 | 4.3 ± 0.1 a† | 4.1 ± 0.1 a | 4.1 ± 0.1 a | 4.5 ± 0.1 a† | 0.02* |
Start tail(min) | 53.6 ± 3.9 | 34.3 ± 4.2 a† | 42.2 ± 3.2 a | 52.8 ± 4.1 b | 40.9 ± 4.3 a | 0.02* |
Platelets | ||||||
Platelets (platelets/L) | 570 ± 8 | 517 ± 12 a† | 533 ± 26 a | 493 ± 17 a† | 525 ± 15 a† | < 0.001* |
PAR-4 (AUC) | 74.7 ± 2.5 | 69.4 ± 4.1 | 83.5 ± 7.0 | 63.3 ± 5.7 | 70.3 ± 4.7 | 0.146 |
ADP (AUC) | 91.0 ± 1.8 | 90.9 ± 4.1 | 100.0 ± 5.7 | 87.3 ± 4.4 | 85.3 ± 4.3 | 0.214 |
COLL (AUC) | 86.0 ± 2.0 | 77.4 ± 2.5 a† | 84.3 ± 2.8 a | 80.5 ± 3.6 a | 75.5 ± 4.0 a† | 0.047* |