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Current Diabetes Reports
Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports 5/2016

01.05.2016 | Immunology and Transplantation (L Piemonti and V Sordi, Section Editors)

New Insights into Diabetes Cell Therapy

verfasst von: Philippe A. Lysy, Elisa Corritore, Etienne M. Sokal

Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports | Ausgabe 5/2016

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Abstract

Since insulin discovery, islet transplantation was the first protocol to show the possibility to cure patients with type 1 diabetes using low-risk procedures. The scarcity of pancreas donors triggered a burst of studies focused on the production of new β cells in vitro. These were rapidly dominated by pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) demonstrating diabetes-reversal potential in diabetic mice. Subsequent enthusiasm fostered a clinical trial with immunoisolated embryonic-derived pancreatic progenitors. Yet safety is the Achilles’ heel of PSCs, and a whole branch of β cell engineering medicine focuses on transdifferentiation of adult pancreatic cells. New data showed the possibility to chemically stimulate acinar or α cells to undergo β cell neogenesis and provide opportunities to intervene in situ without the need for a transplant, at least after weighing benefits against systemic adverse effects. The current studies suggested the pancreas as a reservoir of facultative progenitors (e.g., in the duct lining) could be exploited ex vivo for expansion and β cell differentiation in timely fashion and without the hurdles of PSC use. Diabetes cell therapy is thus a growing field not only with great potential but also with many pitfalls to overcome for becoming fully envisioned as a competitor to the current treatment standards.
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Metadaten
Titel
New Insights into Diabetes Cell Therapy
verfasst von
Philippe A. Lysy
Elisa Corritore
Etienne M. Sokal
Publikationsdatum
01.05.2016
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Diabetes Reports / Ausgabe 5/2016
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Elektronische ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-016-0729-3

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