Background
Methods
Patients and primary UCB samples
Characteristics | YAP 1 protein |
Pvaluea
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Total cases | Negative no (%) | Positive no (%) | ||
Age (years) | 0.604 | |||
≦62b
| 111 | 54(48.6) | 57(51.4) | |
>62 | 102 | 46(45.1) | 56(54.9) | |
Gender | 0.450 | |||
Male | 183 | 84(45.9) | 99(54.1) | |
Female | 30 | 16(53.3) | 14(46.7) | |
Histological grade |
0.001
| |||
G1 | 77 | 49(63.6) | 28(36.4) | |
G2 | 69 | 29(42.0) | 40(58.0) | |
G3 | 67 | 22(32.8) | 45(67.2) | |
pT classification |
0.010
| |||
pTa/pTis | 89 | 52(58.4) | 37(41.6) | |
pT1 | 42 | 19(45.2) | 23(54.8) | |
pT2-4 | 82 | 29(35.4) | 53(64.6) | |
pN classification |
0.028
| |||
pN- | 195 | 96(49.2) | 99(50.8) | |
pN+ | 18 | 4(22.2) | 14(77.8) | |
Tumor size (cm) | 0.113 | |||
≦2.4c
| 107 | 56(52.3) | 51(47.7) | |
>2.4 | 106 | 44(41.5) | 62(58.5) | |
Tumor multiplicity | 0.561 | |||
Unifocal | 102 | 50(49.0) | 52(51.0) | |
Multifocal | 111 | 50(45.0) | 61(55.0) |
qRT-PCR analysis
Western blot analysis
TMA construction
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
IHC evaluation
Statistical analysis
Results
Expression of YAP 1 mRNA by qRT-PCR and YAP 1 protein expression by Western blotting in paired bladder tissues
Expression of YAP 1 in UCBs as determined by IHC
Relationship between YAP 1 expression and UCB patients’ clinicopathologic variables
Relationship between clinicopathologic features, YAP 1 expression, and UCB patients’ survival: univariate survival analysis
Characteristics | Total cases | HR (95% CI) |
Pvalue |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 0.118 | ||
≦62a
| 111 | 1 | |
>62 | 102 | 1.598 (0.888-2.874) | |
Gender | 0.054 | ||
Male | 183 | 1 | |
Female | 30 | 0.241 (0.058-0.993) | |
Histological grade |
<0.001
| ||
G1 | 77 | 1 | |
G2 | 69 | 2.627 (1.009-6.840) | |
G3 | 67 | 6.580 (2.701-16.030) | |
pT classification |
<0.001
| ||
pTa/pTis | 89 | 1 | |
pT1 | 42 | 11.433 (3.282-39.828) | |
pT2-4 | 82 | 14.407 (4.382-47.365) | |
pN classification |
<0.001
| ||
pN- | 195 | 1 | |
pN+ | 18 | 9.310 (4.818-17.991) | |
Tumor size (cm) |
0.003
| ||
≦2.4b
| 107 | 1 | |
>2.4 | 106 | 2.572 (1.372-4.823) | |
Tumor multiplicity | 0.939 | ||
Unifocal | 102 | 1 | |
Multifocal | 111 | 0.978 (0.548-1.744) | |
YAP 1 |
<0.001
| ||
Negative | 100 | 1 | |
Positive | 113 | 5.501 (2.460-12.304) |
Independent prognostic factors for UCB: multivariate cox regression analysis
Characteristic | Hazards ratio | 95% CI |
Pvalue |
---|---|---|---|
YAP 1 (Negative vs Positive) | 3.553 | 1.561-8.086 |
0.003
|
Histological grade (G1 vs G2 vs G3) | 1.348 | 0.861-2.111 | 0.192 |
pT classification (pTa/pTis vs pT1 vs pT2-4) | 1.668 | 1.042-2.669 |
0.033
|
pN classification (pN- vs pN+) | 3.827 | 1.800-8.136 |
<0.001
|
Tumor size (cm) (≦2.4a vs >2.4) | 1.900 | 0.987-3.657 | 0.055 |
Correlation between expressions of YAP1 and Ki-67
YAP 1 | Cases | Labeling index (LI) of Ki-67 |
Pvaluea
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
Low no (%) | High no (%) | |||
Negative | 100 | 54(54.0) | 46(46.0) |
0.004
|
Positive | 113 | 39(34.5) | 74(65.5) |