Background
Methods
Protocol and registration
Eligibility criteria
Search strategy, information sources, and study selection
Data collection and outcomes
Risk of bias assessment
Data synthesis and analysis
Results
Selected studies
Characteristics
Study (primary author) | Recruitment period (year) | Area (country) | Centre (single or multi) | Study outcomes (of interest) | Follow-up dates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barrey et al. [46] | 2008–2012 | France | Single | VAS, ODI | Mean 22 mos (± 8 mos) |
Boissiere et al. [47] | 2008–2011 | France | Single | VAS, ODI | Mean 22.5 mos (± 8.7 mos) |
Cobo Soriano et al. [48] | 2002–2006 | Spain | Single | VAS, ODI | 12 mos |
Cuéllar et al. [66] | Not reported | USA | Multi | VAS, ODI | 2, 6 weeks, 3, 6, 12, 24 mos |
Debnath et al. [67] | 2009–2014 | India | Single | VAS, ODI | 12 mos |
Franke et al. [68] | 2010–2013 | EU, CAN, ME | Multi | VAS, ODI | 4 weeks, 3, 6, 12 mos |
Ghogawala et al. [49] | 2010–2011 | USA | Multi | VAS, ODI | 1, 3, 6, and 12 mos |
Godil et al. [50] | 2009–2010 | USA | Single | NRS, ODI | 24 mos |
Hagenmaier et al. [51] | 2010–2012 | NL | N.r. | VAS, ODI | 6 weeks, 3, 6, 12 mos |
Inage et al. [52] | Not reported | Japan | Single | VAS, ODI | 24 mos |
Kanter et al. [69] | 2009–2013 | USA | Multi | VAS, ODI | 6 weeks, 6, 12, 24 mos |
Kleeman et al. [53] | 1998–2000 | USA | Single | VAS, ODI | 6, 12 mos |
Kok et al. [54] | 2004–2006 | NL | Single | ODI | 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 mos |
Kok et al. [55] | Not reported | UK, NL | Multi | VAS, ODI | 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 mos |
Lara-Almunia et al. [56] | 2001–2010 | Spain | Single | VAS | 3, 6, 12 mos |
Lee et al. [57] | Not reported | Korea | N.r. | VAS, ODI | 6 weeks, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 mos |
Mao et al. [58] | 2006–2010 | China | Single | VAS, ODI | Immediate, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 mos |
Pavlov et al. [59] | 1996–1998 | NL | N.r. | VAS, ODI | 6 weeks, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 mos |
Pereira et al. [60] | 2010–2012 | EU, CAN, ME | Multi | VAS, ODI | 4 weeks |
Pimenta et al. [61] | 2005–2006 | Brazil | Single | VAS, ODI | 1, 3, 6, 12 mos |
Rhee et al. [70] | 2009–2011 | USA | Single | VAS | 12 mos |
Tobler and Ferrara [62] | 2005–2006 | USA | N.r. | VAS, ODI | 3 weeks, 3, 6, 12, 24 mos |
Trouillier et al. [63] | 1997–2000 | Germany | Single | VAS, ODI | 3, 6, 12, 42 mos |
Tsahtsarlis and Wood [64] | 2008–2010 | Australia | Single | ODI | 6 mos |
Xu et al. [65] | 2001–2006 | China | Single | ODI | 3, 6, 12, 24 mos |
Study (primary author) | Diagnosis | Sample size (n male) | Age range (years) | Levels affected | Fusion type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barrey et al. [46] | Degenerative disc disease (n 46) or isthmic spondylolisthesis (n 16) | 62 (28 male) | Not reported | Single level, 27 Two levels, 35 | One-step ALIF surgery with PEEK cage combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation |
Boissiere et al. [47] | Degenerative disc disease (n 29) or isthmic spondylolisthesis (n 10) | 39 (18 male) | Not reported | Single level, 15 Two levels, 24 | One-step ALIF surgery with PEEK cage combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation |
Cobo Soriano et al. [48] | Degenerative spinal stenosis, isthmic or dysplastic spondylolisthesis, or disc herniation | 203 (79 male) | Not reported | Single level, 95 Two levels, 55 Three or more, 34 | Decompression, intertransverse process fusion, and segmental pedicle screw fixation |
Cuéllar et al. [66] | Degenerative disc disease with disc collapse and spinal stenosis | 37 (16 male) | 52–83 | Single level, 37 | Interlaminar lumbar instrumented fusion |
Debnath et al. [67] | Spondylolisthesis | 46 (16 male) | 17–48 | Single level, 46 | Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion |
Franke et al. [68] | Spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, or degenerative disc disease | 252 (110 male) | Not reported | Single level, 210 Two levels, 42 | Minimally invasive lumbar interbody fusion |
Ghogawala et al. [49] | Degenerative spondylolisthesis | 50 (21 male) | Not reported | Single level, 50 | Single-level fusion |
Godil et al. [50] | Degenerative spondylolisthesis | 68 (17 male) | Not reported | Single level, 58 | Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion |
Hagenmaier et al. [51] | Isthmic or degenerative spondylolisthesis | 20 (11 male) | Not reported | Single level, 20 | Decompression and single-level instrumented posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion |
Inage et al. [52] | Degenerative spondylolisthesis with spinal stenosis | 122 (55 male) | 52–87 | Single level, 42 Two levels, 40 Three levels, 40 | Decompression and posterolateral fusion surgery at the level of spondylolisthesis |
Kanter et al. [69] | Degenerative disc disease with or without stenosis | 76 (36 male) | Not reported | Single level, 42 Two levels, 34 | Posterolateral fusion |
Kleeman et al. [53] | Degenerative disc disease or spondylolisthesis | 22 (8 male) | 21–56 | Single level, 22 | Endoscopic anterior lumbar interbody fusion |
Kok et al. [54] | Spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, or degenerative disc disease | 25 (11 male) | 24–71 | Single level, 25 | Posterior lumbar interbody fusion |
Kok et al. [55] | Spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, or degenerative disc disease | 27 (9 male) | 23–74 | Single level, 27 | Posterior lumbar interbody fusion |
Lara-Almunia et al. [56] | Isthmic or degenerative spondylolisthesis | 36 (14 male) | 30–82 | Single level, 34 Two levels, 2 | Posterior lumbar interbody fusion and instrumented posterolateral fusion |
Lee et al. [57] | Spinal stenosis (n 48), spondylolisthesis (n 29), disc herniation (n 3), degenerative disc disease (n 2), segmental instability (n 1) | 86 (25 male) | 23–77 | Single level, 73 Two levels, 13 | Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion |
Mao et al. [58] | Spinal stenosis | 98 (61 male) | 48–72 | Two levels, 98 | Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with unilateral pedicle fixations |
Pavlov et al. [59] | Degenerative disc disease | 52 (36 male) | 24–57 | Single level, 33 Two levels, 19 | Anterior lumbar interbody fusion with additional posterior fixation |
Pereira et al. [60] | Degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis | 255 (110 male) | Not reported | Single level, 210 Two levels, 42 | Posterior lumbar interbody fusion and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion |
Pimenta et al. [61] | Degenerative disc disease | 24 (9 male) | 36–81 | Not reported | Anterior lumbar interbody fusion |
Rhee et al. [70] | Degenerative disc disease with disc collapse and spinal stenosis | 38 (18 male) | 33–84 | Single level, 38 | Lateral transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion |
Tobler and Ferrara [62] | Degenerative disc disease | 26 (15 male) | 20–68 | Single level, 17 Two levels, 9 | Axial lumbar interbody fusion with or without additional transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion |
Trouillier et al. [63] | Spinal stenosis with or without spondylolisthesis | 30 (17 male) | 33–76 | Single level, 30 | Posterior lumbar interbody fusion |
Tsahtsarlis and Wood [64] | Spinal stenosis and spondylolisthesis | 23 (13 male) | 38–83 | Single level, 22 Two levels, 1 | Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion |
Xu et al. [65] | Degenerative spondylolisthesis | 60 (35 male) | 45–70 | Single level, 58 | Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion |
Methodological quality assessment
Location bias
Outcome reporting bias
Publication bias
Pain outcomes
Disability outcomes
Sensitivity analysis
Subgroup analysis
Complications
Study (primary author) | Sample size | Complication(s), n | Revision surgery, n |
---|---|---|---|
Barrey et al. [46] | 62 | Vascular wound, 1 | No |
Boissiere et al. [47] | 39 | Vascular wound, 1 | No |
Franke et al. [68] | 252 | Adverse events, 50 Serious adverse events, 9 (out of 50) | No |
Ghogawala et al. [49] | 50 | Aortic occlusion with non-fatal cardiac arrest, 1 CSF leak, 1 Instrumentation issue, 1 | Yes, 1 |
Kanter et al. [69] | 76 | Cage migration, 1 Nerve root impingement, 1 Pedicle screw disconnected, 1 Wound infection, 1 | Yes, 3 |
Kleeman et al. [53] | 22 | Bowel injury, 1 Vascular injury, 1 | No |
Kok et al. [54] | 25 | Cage migration, 2 Dural tear, 4 Myocardial infarction, 1 | Yes, 2 |
Kok et al. [55] | 27 | Cage breakage, 1 Dural tear, 2 Pedicle screw malposition, 1 | N.r. |
Lara-Almunia et al. [56] | 36 | Cerebrospinal fluid fistula, 1 Neurological deficit (transient), 2 Wound infection, 2 | Yes, 1 |
Lee et al. [57] | 86 | Pedicle screw malposition, 2 Pseudarthrosis, 4 Wound infection, 2 | Yes, 1 |
Mao et al. [58] | 98 | Intervertebral disc infection, 1 | Yes, 1 |
Pavlov et al. [59] | 52 | Pedicle crew breakage, 1 Pedicle screw malposition, 2 Stenosis (new), 1 Wound infection, 3 | Yes, 5 |
Pereira et al. [60] | 255 | Adverse events, 39 Serious adverse events, 6 | Yes, 1 |
Tobler and Ferrara [62] | 26 | Adverse events, 34 Serious adverse events, 0 | No |
Trouillier et al. [63] | 30 | Adjacent segment instability, 1 Instrumentation loosening, 1 Nerve root compression (persistent), 1 Pleural effusion (transient), 1 Pulmonary embolism, 1 Sacroiliac joint pain, 4 | Yes, 1 |
Tsahtsarlis and Wood [64] | 23 | Nerve root compression (transient), 1 Pedicle screw malposition, 1 Pulmonary embolism, 1 | No |
Xu et al. [65] | 60 | Dural tear, 2 Nerve root compression (persistent), 2 Neurological deficit (transient), 1 Pedicle screw migration, 1 Pseudarthrosis, 1 | Yes, 4 |