Introduction
Methods
Results
Mean ± SEM | Range | |
---|---|---|
Age, years | 50.4 ± 1.4 | 19–69 |
Sex, M/F | 74/20 | – |
BMI, kg/m2 | 30.6 ± 0.3 | 25.4–38.6 |
Waist circumference, cm | 103.3 ± 1.3 | 77.0–126.0 |
Hip circumference, cm | 106.2 ± 0.8 | 89.0–125.0 |
WHR | 0.98 ± 0.01 | 0.70–1.22 |
Fasting glucose, mmol/l | 5.69 ± 0.07 | 4.39–7.47 |
2 h glucose, mmol/la | 6.53 ± 0.19 | 3.35–11.21 |
IL-6, pg/ml | 0.92 ± 0.06 | 0.07–4.10 |
IL-8, pg/ml | 6.99 ± 0.34 | 1.90–18.37 |
TNF-α, pg/ml | 2.66 ± 0.07 | 1.60–5.37 |
Rd40, μmol kg−1 min−1 | 27.2 ± 1.1 | 9.8–54.0 |
EGP suppression, % | 50.3 ± 2.1 | 5.2–97.9 |
CTSD levels, pg/ml | 6586.2 ± 598.9 | 292.7–32,962.8 |
CTSD activity, RFU/μL | 237.5 ± 11.0 | 18.3–628.5 |
CTSD levels | CTSD activity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
%EGP suppression | %EGP suppression | ||||||
Model | p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | Model | p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 |
Model 1 | 0.017 | Model 1 | 0.029 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.120 | 0.171 (−0.048, 0.410) | CTSD activity | 0.065 | −0.200 (−0.416, 0.013) | ||
Model 2 | 0.048 | Model 2 | 0.116 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.654 | 0.056 (−0.203, 0.322) | CTSD activity | 0.013* | −0.269 (−0.487, −0.059) | ||
Age | 0.062 | −0.236 (−0.473, 0.011) | Age | 0.003** | −0.321 (−0.525, −0.109) | ||
Model 3 | 0.180 | Model 3 | 0.215 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.798 | 0.030 (−0.213, 0.276) | CTSD activity | 0.031* | −0.221 (−0.428, −0.020) | ||
Age | 0.827 | 0.030 (−0.236, 0.294) | Age | 0.583 | −0.069 (−0.314, 0.178) | ||
Sex | 0.000*** | 0.466 (0.207, 0.693) | Sex | 0.001** | 0.408 (0.160, 0.631) | ||
Model 4 | 0.182 | Model 4 | 0.218 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.836 | 0.024 (−0.219, 0.270) | CTSD activity | 0.035* | −0.216 (−0.422, −0.016) | ||
Age | 0.790 | 0.036 (−0.229, 0.300) | Age | 0.641 | −0.059 (−0.304, 0.188) | ||
Sex | 0.001** | 0.448 (0.188, 0.677) | Sex | 0.002** | 0.391 (0.142, 0.616) | ||
BMI | 0.288 | −0.111 (−0.318, 0.096) | BMI | 0.262 | −0.112 (−0.306, 0.085) | ||
Model 5 | 0.197 | Model 5 | 0.233 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.571 | 0.067 (−0.178, 0.320) | CTSD activity | 0.043* | −0.206 (−0.411, −0.007) | ||
Age | 0.256 | 0.192 (−0.139, 0.513) | Age | 0.612 | 0.076 (−0.219, 0.370) | ||
Sex | 0.021* | 0.340 (0.052, 0.605) | Sex | 0.029* | 0.299 (0.030, 0.550) | ||
BMI | 0.506 | 0.121 (−0.239, 0.480) | BMI | 0.537 | 0.104 (−0.226, 0.431) | ||
Waist circumference | 0.122 | −0.384 (−0.884, 0.107) | Waist circumference | 0.114 | −0.360 (−0.822, 0.090) |
CTSD levels | CTSD activity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | Rd40 | Model | Rd40 | ||||
p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | ||
Model 1 | 0.042 | Model 1 | −0.009 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.030* | 0.231 (0.023, 0.425) | CTSD activity | 0.666 | −0.046 (−0.254, 0.163) | ||
Model 2 | 0.095 | Model 2 | 0.098 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.390 | 0.103 (−0.128, 0.324) | CTSD activity | 0.218 | −0.130 (−0.339, 0.079) | ||
Age | 0.021* | −0.279 (−0.495, −0.042) | Age | 0.001** | −0.350 (−0.552, −0.141) | ||
Model 3 | 0.162 | Model 3 | 0.150 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.359 | 0.105 (−0.117, 0.318) | CTSD activity | 0.405 | −0.086 (−0.293, 0.119) | ||
Age | 0.582 | −0.075 (−0.333, 0.188) | Age | 0.218 | −0.158 (−0.407, 0.094) | ||
Sex | 0.007** | 0.341 (0.090, 0.561) | Sex | 0.015* | 0.309 (0.061, 0.544) | ||
Model 4 | 0.360 | Model 4 | 0.348 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.583 | 0.055 (−0.138, 0.244) | CTSD activity | 0.466 | −0.066 (−0.247, 0.114) | ||
Age | 0.696 | −0.047 (−0.273, 0.183) | Age | 0.374 | −0.100 (−0.320, 0.122) | ||
Sex | 0.013* | 0.279 (0.058, 0.473) | Sex | 0.022* | 0.255 (0.037, 0.462) | ||
BMI | 0.000*** | −0.460 (−0.626, −0.275) | BMI | 0.000*** | −0.457 (−0.625, −0.277) | ||
Model 5 | 0.402 | Model 5 | 0.384 | ||||
CTSD levels | 0.277 | 0.108 (−0.085, 0.293) | CTSD activity | 0.588 | −0.048 (−0.224, 0.128) | ||
Age | 0.250 | 0.163 (−0.113, 0.427) | Age | 0.569 | 0.075 (−0.184, 0.333) | ||
Sex | 0.278 | 0.131 (−0.103, 0.353) | Sex | 0.265 | 0.132 (−0.100, 0.359) | ||
BMI | 0.365 | −0.138 (−0.432, 0.161) | BMI | 0.235 | −0.175 (−0.459, 0.114) | ||
Waist circumference | 0.012* | −0.530 (−0.926, −0.119) | Waist circumference | 0.019* | −0.472 (−0.873, −0.081) |
Model | CTSD levels | CTSD activity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | |
Model 1 | 0.059 | −0.001 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.012* | 0.264 (0.063, 0.492) | 0.335 | 0.102 (−0.107, 0.312) | ||
Model 2 | 0.271 | 0.027 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.008** | 0.252 (0.072, 0.458) | 0.396 | 0.090 (−0.117, 0.294) | ||
Age | 0.000*** | −0.463 (−0.648, −0.281) | 0.063 | −0.198 (−0.402, 0.011) | ||
Model 3 | 0.275 | 0.035 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.004** | 0.301 (0.107, 0.527) | 0.787 | 0.031 (−0.192, 0.253) | ||
Age | 0.003** | −0.371 (−0.609, −0.137) | 0.024* | −0.309 (−0.568, −0.041) | ||
Sex | 0.226 | 0.152 (−0.093, 0.395) | 0.192 | −0.185 (−0.451, −0.092) | ||
Model 4 | 0.272 | 0.027 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.004** | 0.296 (0.101, 0.523) | 0.747 | 0.037 (−0.188, 0.261) | ||
Age | 0.003** | −0.363 (−0.602, −0.128) | 0.023* | −0.314 (−0.574, −0.044) | ||
Sex | 0.274 | 0.139 (−0.109, 0.384) | 0.226 | −0.174 (−0.444, 0.166) | ||
BMI | 0.412 | −0.079 (−0.269, 0.111) | 0.588 | 0.059 (−0.152, 0.267) | ||
Model 5 | 0.285 | 0.024 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.008** | 0.276 (0.080, 0.501) | 0.836 | 0.024 (−0.203, 0.251) | ||
Age | 0.001** | −0.491 (−0.779, −0.209) | 0.018* | −0.398 (−0.716, −0.069) | ||
Sex | 0.105 | 0.223 (−0.044, 0.488) | 0.427 | −0.123 (−0.416, 0.178) | ||
BMI | 0.083 | −0.287 (−0.617, 0.035) | 0.686 | −0.076 (−0.434, 0.287) | ||
Waist circumference | 0.123 | 0.346 (−0.089, 0.791) | 0.377 | 0.222 (−0.271, 0.708) |
Model | CTSD levels | CTSD activity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | |
Model 1 | 0.236 | 0.076 | ||||
IL-8 | 0.000*** | 0.495 (0.317, 0.693) | 0.004** | 0.294 (0.093, 0.492) | ||
Model 2 | 0.310 | 0.065 | ||||
IL-8 | 0.001** | 0.353 (0.159, 0.568) | 0.042* | 0.234 (0.008, 0.454) | ||
Age | 0.002** | −0.321 (−0.521, −0.123) | 0.368 | −0.103 (−0.325, 0.122) | ||
Model 3 | 0.302 | 0.076 | ||||
IL-8 | 0.001** | 0.354 (0.158, 0.570) | 0.052 | 0.224 (−0.002, 0.442) | ||
Age | 0.014* | −0.307 (−0.550, −0.065) | 0.120 | −0.215 (−0.480, 0.057) | ||
Sex | 0.830 | 0.024 (−0.197, 0.245) | 0.151 | −0.183 (−0.423, 0.066) | ||
Model 4 | 0.299 | 0.069 | ||||
IL-8 | 0.001** | 0.349 (0.152, 0.566) | 0.050 | 0.226 (0.000, 0.446) | ||
Age | 0.016* | −0.300 (−0.544, −0.057) | 0.113 | −0.221 (−0.488, 0.052) | ||
Sex | 0.907 | 0.013 (−0.210, 0.237) | 0.176 | −0.175 (−0.417, 0.077) | ||
BMI | 0.424 | −0.075 (−0.263, 0.112) | 0.552 | 0.063 (−0.143, 0.265) | ||
Model 5 | 0.313 | 0.066 | ||||
IL-8 | 0.001** | 0.333 (0.137, 0.548) | 0.057 | 0.220 (−0.007, 0.441) | ||
Age | 0.004** | −0.432 (−0.722, −0.143) | 0.077 | −0.296 (−0.616, 0.033) | ||
Sex | 0.391 | 0.109 (−0.141, 0.358) | 0.390 | −0.123 (−0.395, 0.156) | ||
BMI | 0.075 | −0.289 (−0.613, 0.030) | 0.753 | −0.057 (−0.404, 0.294) | ||
Waist circumference | 0.106 | 0.355 (−0.077, 0.792) | 0.414 | 0.199 (−0.279, 0.672) |
TNF-α | IL-8 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | %EGP suppression | Model | %EGP suppression | ||||
p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | p value | β (95% Cl) | Adjusted R2 | ||
Model 1 | 0.039 | Model 1 | 0.008 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.038* | −0.225 (−0.463, −0.014) | IL-8 | 0.202 | 0.139 (−0.075, 0.351) | ||
Model 2 | 0.098 | Model 2 | 0.055 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.051 | −0.208 (−0.447, 0.001) | IL-8 | 0.711 | 0.044 (−0.191, 0.279) | ||
Age | 0.010* | −0.277 (−0.484, −0.068) | Age | 0.032* | −0.258 (−0.492, −0.023) | ||
Model 3 | 0.180 | Model 3 | 0.177 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.421 | −0.087 (−0.324, 0.137) | IL-8 | 0.571 | 0.063 (−0.157, 0.282) | ||
Age | 0.757 | −0.040 (−0.292, 0.213) | Age | 0.926 | 0.013 (−0.253, 0.278) | ||
Sex | 0.004** | 0.401 (0.131, 0.647) | Sex | 0.001** | 0.445 (0.192, 0.672) | ||
Model 4 | 0.185 | Model 4 | 0.180 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.388 | −0.093 (−0.330, 0.129) | IL-8 | 0.601 | 0.058 (−0.161, 0.277) | ||
Age | 0.806 | −0.031 (−0.284, 0.221) | Age | 0.883 | 0.020 (−0.246, 0.285) | ||
Sex | 0.006** | 0.379 (0.108, 0.627) | Sex | 0.001** | 0.426 (0.172, 0.655) | ||
BMI | 0.227 | −0.124 (−0.323, 0.078) | BMI | 0.252 | −0.118 (−0.317, 0.084) | ||
Model 5 | 0.200 | Model 5 | 0.198 | ||||
TNF-α | 0.502 | −0.072 (−0.307, 0.152) | IL-8 | 0.560 | 0.064 (−0.153, 0.281) | ||
Age | 0.493 | 0.106 (−0.200, 0.412) | Age | 0.305 | 0.163 (−0.151, 0.475) | ||
Sex | 0.044* | 0.295 (0.009, 0.564) | Sex | 0.020* | 0.327 (0.051, 0.582) | ||
BMI | 0.590 | 0.094 (−0.248, 0.432) | BMI | 0.511 | 0.114 (−0.226, 0.450) | ||
Waist circumference | 0.125 | −0.360 (−0.837, 0.104) | Waist circumference | 0.100 | −0.385 (−0.858, 0.076) |