Predictors of inpatient morbidity and mortality in adult spinal deformity surgery

11,982 discharges were identified. Morbidity, excluding device-related, and mortality rates were 50.81 and 0.28 %, respectively. Certain comorbidities were associated with increased morbidity/mortality: congestive heart failure (CHF) [1.62 (1.42–1.84)] [5.67 (3.30–9.73)], coagulopathy [3.52 (3.22–3.85)] [2.32 (1.44–3.76)], electrolyte imbalance [2.65 (2.52–2.79)] [4.63 (3.15–6.81)], pulmonary circulation disorders [9.45 (7.45–11.99)] [8.94 (4.43–18.03)], renal failure [1.29 (1.13–1.47)] [5.51 (2.57–11.82)], and pathologic weight loss [2.38 (2.01–2.81)] [7.28 (4.36–12.14)]. Chronic pulmonary disease was associated with higher morbidity [1.08 (1.02–1.14)]; liver disease was linked to increased mortality [36.09 (16.16–80.59)]. 9+ level fusions had increased morbidity vs 4–8 level fusions [1.69 (1.61–1.78)] and refusions [1.08 (1.02–1.14)]. Idiopathic scoliosis was associated with decreased morbidity vs all other subgroups [0.85 (0.80–0.91)]. Age >65 was associated with increased morbidity and mortality vs 25–64 group [1.09 (1.05–1.14)] [3.49 (2.31–5.29)]. Females had increased morbidity [1.18 (1.13–1.23)] and decreased mortality [0.30 (0.21–0.44)]. Mean comorbidity index (0.55) and age (64.38) for degenerative cohort were higher vs all other subgroups (P < 0.0001).