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Erschienen in: Journal of Religion and Health 2/2020

05.07.2018 | Original Paper

Religiosity/Spirituality and Physiological Markers of Health

verfasst von: Eric C. Shattuck, Michael P. Muehlenbein

Erschienen in: Journal of Religion and Health | Ausgabe 2/2020

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Abstract

The long-standing interest in the effects of religiosity and spirituality (R/S) on health outcomes has given rise to a large and diverse literature. We conducted a meta-analysis on research involving R/S and physiological markers of health to elucidate both the scope and mechanism(s) of this phenomenon. A combined analysis found a significant, but small, beneficial effect. Subgroup analyses found that some measures of both extrinsic and intrinsic religiosity were significantly associated with health. Several outcome measures, including blood pressure, C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular health markers, were significantly associated with R/S. Our findings suggest that R/S benefits health, perhaps through minimizing the disruptive effects of stress/depression on inflammation. We hope that researchers can use these results to guide efforts aimed at elucidating the true mechanism(s) linking religious/spiritual beliefs and physical health.
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Zurück zum Zitat *** Jones, B. M. (2001). Changes in cytokine production in healthy subjects practicing Guolin Qigong: A pilot study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,1, 8.PubMedPubMedCentral *** Jones, B. M. (2001). Changes in cytokine production in healthy subjects practicing Guolin Qigong: A pilot study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,1, 8.PubMedPubMedCentral
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Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan, Z., Matar, M. A., Kamin, R., Sadan, T., & Cohen, H. (2005). Stress-related responses after 3 years of exposure to terror in Israel: Are ideological-religious factors associated with resilience? Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,66, 1146–1154.PubMed Kaplan, Z., Matar, M. A., Kamin, R., Sadan, T., & Cohen, H. (2005). Stress-related responses after 3 years of exposure to terror in Israel: Are ideological-religious factors associated with resilience? Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,66, 1146–1154.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., McGuire, L., Robles, T. F., & Glaser, R. (2002). Emotions, morbidity, and mortality: New perspectives from psychoneuroimmunology. Annual Review of Psychology,53, 83–107.PubMed Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., McGuire, L., Robles, T. F., & Glaser, R. (2002). Emotions, morbidity, and mortality: New perspectives from psychoneuroimmunology. Annual Review of Psychology,53, 83–107.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat *** Kinney, A. Y., Bloor, L. E., Dudley, W. N., Millikan, R. C., Marshall, E., Martin, C., et al. (2003). Roles of religious involvement and social support in the risk of colon cancer among blacks and whites. American Journal of Epidemiology,158, 1097–1107.PubMed *** Kinney, A. Y., Bloor, L. E., Dudley, W. N., Millikan, R. C., Marshall, E., Martin, C., et al. (2003). Roles of religious involvement and social support in the risk of colon cancer among blacks and whites. American Journal of Epidemiology,158, 1097–1107.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kirschbaum, C., Prussner, J. C., Stone, A. A., Federenko, I., Gaab, J., Lintz, D., et al. (1995). Persistent high cortisol responses to repeated psychological stress in a subpopulation of healthy men. Psychosomatic Medicine,57, 468–474.PubMed Kirschbaum, C., Prussner, J. C., Stone, A. A., Federenko, I., Gaab, J., Lintz, D., et al. (1995). Persistent high cortisol responses to repeated psychological stress in a subpopulation of healthy men. Psychosomatic Medicine,57, 468–474.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat *** Koenig, H. G. (1998). Religious attitudes and practices of hospitalized medically ill older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,13, 213–224.PubMed *** Koenig, H. G. (1998). Religious attitudes and practices of hospitalized medically ill older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,13, 213–224.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Koenig, H. G. (2009). Research on religion, spirituality, and mental health: A review. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry,54, 283–291.PubMed Koenig, H. G. (2009). Research on religion, spirituality, and mental health: A review. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry,54, 283–291.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Koenig, H. G., & Büssing, A. (2010). The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A five-Item measure for use in epidemiological studies. Religions,1, 78–85. Koenig, H. G., & Büssing, A. (2010). The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A five-Item measure for use in epidemiological studies. Religions,1, 78–85.
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Zurück zum Zitat Koenig, H. G., Hays, J. C., Larson, D. B., George, L. K., Cohen, H. J., McCullough, M., et al. (1999a). Does religious attendance prolong survival? A six-year follow-up study of 3,968 older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences,54A, M370–M377. Koenig, H. G., Hays, J. C., Larson, D. B., George, L. K., Cohen, H. J., McCullough, M., et al. (1999a). Does religious attendance prolong survival? A six-year follow-up study of 3,968 older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences,54A, M370–M377.
Zurück zum Zitat Koenig, W., Sund, M., Fröhlich, M., Fischer, H. G., Löwel, H., Döring, A., et al. (1999b). C-Reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men: Results from the MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) Augsburg Cohort Study, 1984 to 1992. Circulation,99, 237–242.PubMed Koenig, W., Sund, M., Fröhlich, M., Fischer, H. G., Löwel, H., Döring, A., et al. (1999b). C-Reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men: Results from the MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) Augsburg Cohort Study, 1984 to 1992. Circulation,99, 237–242.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Koenig, L. B., & Vaillant, G. E. (2009). A prospective study of church attendance and health over the lifespan. Health Psychology,28, 117–124.PubMed Koenig, L. B., & Vaillant, G. E. (2009). A prospective study of church attendance and health over the lifespan. Health Psychology,28, 117–124.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kortt, M. A., & Dollery, B. (2014). Religion and BMI in Australia. Journal of Religion and Health,53, 217–228.PubMed Kortt, M. A., & Dollery, B. (2014). Religion and BMI in Australia. Journal of Religion and Health,53, 217–228.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Kremer, H., Ironson, G., Kaplan, L., Stuetzele, R., Baker, N., & Fletcher, M. A. (2015). Spiritual coping predicts CD4-cell preservation and undetectable viral load over four years. AIDS Care,27, 71–79.PubMed Kremer, H., Ironson, G., Kaplan, L., Stuetzele, R., Baker, N., & Fletcher, M. A. (2015). Spiritual coping predicts CD4-cell preservation and undetectable viral load over four years. AIDS Care,27, 71–79.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Leserman, J., Jackson, E. D., Petitto, J. M., Golden, R. N., Silva, S. G., Perkins, D. O., et al. (1999). Progression to AIDS: The effects of stress, depressive symptoms, and social support. Psychosomatic Medicine,61, 397–406.PubMed Leserman, J., Jackson, E. D., Petitto, J. M., Golden, R. N., Silva, S. G., Perkins, D. O., et al. (1999). Progression to AIDS: The effects of stress, depressive symptoms, and social support. Psychosomatic Medicine,61, 397–406.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Levin, J. S., & Markides, K. S. (1985). Religion and health in Mexican Americans. Journal of Religion and Health,24, 60–69.PubMed Levin, J. S., & Markides, K. S. (1985). Religion and health in Mexican Americans. Journal of Religion and Health,24, 60–69.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Maltby, J., & Day, L. (2003). Religious orientation, religious coping, and appraisals of stress: Assessing primary appraisal factors in the relationship between religiosity and psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences,34, 1209–1224. Maltby, J., & Day, L. (2003). Religious orientation, religious coping, and appraisals of stress: Assessing primary appraisal factors in the relationship between religiosity and psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences,34, 1209–1224.
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Zurück zum Zitat McConnell, K. M., Pargament, K. I., Ellison, C. G., & Flannelly, K. J. (2006). Examining the links between spiritual struggles and symptoms of psychopathology in a national sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology,62, 1469–1484.PubMed McConnell, K. M., Pargament, K. I., Ellison, C. G., & Flannelly, K. J. (2006). Examining the links between spiritual struggles and symptoms of psychopathology in a national sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology,62, 1469–1484.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat McCullough, M. E., Hoyt, W. T., Larson, D. B., Koenig, H. G., & Thoresen, C. (2000). Religious involvement and mortality: A meta-analytic review. Health Psychology,19, 211–222.PubMed McCullough, M. E., Hoyt, W. T., Larson, D. B., Koenig, H. G., & Thoresen, C. (2000). Religious involvement and mortality: A meta-analytic review. Health Psychology,19, 211–222.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat *** McGee, J. S., Myers, D. R., Carlson, H., Funai, A. P., & Barclay, P. A. (2013). Spirituality, faith, and mild Alzheimer’s disease. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion,24, 221–257. *** McGee, J. S., Myers, D. R., Carlson, H., Funai, A. P., & Barclay, P. A. (2013). Spirituality, faith, and mild Alzheimer’s disease. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion,24, 221–257.
Zurück zum Zitat Moussavi, S., Chatterji, S., Verdes, E., Tandon, A., Patel, V., & Ustun, B. (2007). Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: Results from the World Health Surveys. The Lancet,370, 851–858. Moussavi, S., Chatterji, S., Verdes, E., Tandon, A., Patel, V., & Ustun, B. (2007). Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: Results from the World Health Surveys. The Lancet,370, 851–858.
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Zurück zum Zitat *** Newlin, K., Melkus, G. D., Chyun, D., & Jefferson, V. (2003). The relationship of spirituality and health outcomes in black women with type 2 diabetes. Ethnicity and Disease,13, 61–68.PubMed *** Newlin, K., Melkus, G. D., Chyun, D., & Jefferson, V. (2003). The relationship of spirituality and health outcomes in black women with type 2 diabetes. Ethnicity and Disease,13, 61–68.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Newlin, K., Melkus, G. D., Rappen, R., Chyun, D., & Koenig, H. G. (2008). Relationships of religion and spirituality to glycemic control in black women with type 2 diabetes. Nursing Research,57, 331–339.PubMed Newlin, K., Melkus, G. D., Rappen, R., Chyun, D., & Koenig, H. G. (2008). Relationships of religion and spirituality to glycemic control in black women with type 2 diabetes. Nursing Research,57, 331–339.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat *** Nightingale, V. R., Sher, T. G., Thilges, S., Niel, K., Rolfsen, N., & Hansen, N. B. (2011). Non-conventional practices and immune functioning among individuals receiving conventional care for HIV. Journal of Health Psychology,16, 1241–1250.PubMedPubMedCentral *** Nightingale, V. R., Sher, T. G., Thilges, S., Niel, K., Rolfsen, N., & Hansen, N. B. (2011). Non-conventional practices and immune functioning among individuals receiving conventional care for HIV. Journal of Health Psychology,16, 1241–1250.PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Núñez, J., Núñez, E., Bodí, V., Sanchis, J., Miñana, G., Mainar, L., et al. (2008). Usefulness of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in predicting long-term mortality in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. American Journal of Cardiology,101, 747–752.PubMed Núñez, J., Núñez, E., Bodí, V., Sanchis, J., Miñana, G., Mainar, L., et al. (2008). Usefulness of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in predicting long-term mortality in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. American Journal of Cardiology,101, 747–752.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Nuttall, F. Q. (2015). Body mass index: Obesity, BMI, and health: A critical review. Nutrition Today,50, 117–128.PubMedPubMedCentral Nuttall, F. Q. (2015). Body mass index: Obesity, BMI, and health: A critical review. Nutrition Today,50, 117–128.PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat *** Pace, T. W. W., Negi, L. T., Adame, D. D., Cole, S. P., Sivilli, T. I., Brown, T. D., et al. (2009). Effect of compassion meditation on neuroendocrine, innate immune, and behavioral responses to psychosocial stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology,34, 87–98.PubMed *** Pace, T. W. W., Negi, L. T., Adame, D. D., Cole, S. P., Sivilli, T. I., Brown, T. D., et al. (2009). Effect of compassion meditation on neuroendocrine, innate immune, and behavioral responses to psychosocial stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology,34, 87–98.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat *** Paiva, C. E., Paiva, B. S. R., Yennurajalingam, S., & Hui, D. (2014). The impact of religiosity and individual prayer activities on advance cancer patients’ health: Is there any difference in function of whether or not receiving palliative anti-neoplastic therapy? Journal of Religion and Health,53, 1717–1727.PubMed *** Paiva, C. E., Paiva, B. S. R., Yennurajalingam, S., & Hui, D. (2014). The impact of religiosity and individual prayer activities on advance cancer patients’ health: Is there any difference in function of whether or not receiving palliative anti-neoplastic therapy? Journal of Religion and Health,53, 1717–1727.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Pargament, K. I., Koenig, H. G., Tarakeshwar, N., & Hahn, J. (2001). Religious struggle as a predictor of mortality among medically ill elderly patients: A 2-year longitudinal study. Archives of Internal Medicine,161, 1881–1885.PubMed Pargament, K. I., Koenig, H. G., Tarakeshwar, N., & Hahn, J. (2001). Religious struggle as a predictor of mortality among medically ill elderly patients: A 2-year longitudinal study. Archives of Internal Medicine,161, 1881–1885.PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat *** Peltzer, K., Pengpid, S., Samuels, T. A., Özcan, N. K., Mantilla, C., Rahamefy, O., et al. (2014). Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among university students from 22 countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,11, 7425–7441.PubMedPubMedCentral *** Peltzer, K., Pengpid, S., Samuels, T. A., Özcan, N. K., Mantilla, C., Rahamefy, O., et al. (2014). Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among university students from 22 countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,11, 7425–7441.PubMedPubMedCentral
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Zurück zum Zitat *** Phelps, A. C., Maciejewski, P. K., Nilsson, M., Balboni, T. A., Wright, A. A., Paulk, M. E., et al. (2009). Religious coping and use of intensive life-prolonging care near death in patients with advanced cancer. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association,301, 1140–1147.PubMed *** Phelps, A. C., Maciejewski, P. K., Nilsson, M., Balboni, T. A., Wright, A. A., Paulk, M. E., et al. (2009). Religious coping and use of intensive life-prolonging care near death in patients with advanced cancer. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association,301, 1140–1147.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Pruessner, J. C., Baldwin, M. W., Dedovic, K., Renwick, R., Mahani, N. K., Lord, C., et al. (2005). Self-esteem, locus of control, hippocampal volume, and cortisol regulation in young and old adulthood. NeuroImage,28, 815–826.PubMed Pruessner, J. C., Baldwin, M. W., Dedovic, K., Renwick, R., Mahani, N. K., Lord, C., et al. (2005). Self-esteem, locus of control, hippocampal volume, and cortisol regulation in young and old adulthood. NeuroImage,28, 815–826.PubMed
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Metadaten
Titel
Religiosity/Spirituality and Physiological Markers of Health
verfasst von
Eric C. Shattuck
Michael P. Muehlenbein
Publikationsdatum
05.07.2018
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Religion and Health / Ausgabe 2/2020
Print ISSN: 0022-4197
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-6571
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0663-6

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