Risk Factors Associated with HIV, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), and HIV/STI Co-infection Among Youth Living in the Slums of Kampala, Uganda

The purpose of this analysis was to examine the associated factors of self-reported HIV/STI co-infection among youth living in the slums of Kampala. The study sample consists of a cross-sectional survey. Participants comprised a convenience sample (N = 1134) of youth living on the streets or in the slums (age 12–18). Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between hypothesized risk factors and levels of HIV/STI co-infection, adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Among the sample of youth who were sexually active (n = 586), 9.9% (n = 58) of youth reported HIV/STI co-infection. Among youth with HIV (13.8%), 71.6% reported a co-infection with another STI. In the multivariable analysis, youth with HIV/STI co-infection were more likely to engage in problem drinking (OR 2.55; 95% CI 1.08, 6.02) and drinking alcohol without problematic alcohol behavior (OR 3.43; 95% CI 1.60, 7.36). HIV/STI co-infection rates are high among youth living in the slums of Kampala and warrant urgent attention.