Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Clinical and Translational Oncology 8/2017

03.03.2017 | Research Article

SOX10 is over-expressed in bladder cancer and contributes to the malignant bladder cancer cell behaviors

verfasst von: H. Yin, C. Qin, Y. Zhao, Y. Du, Z. Sheng, Q. Wang, Q. Song, L. Chen, C. Liu, T. Xu

Erschienen in: Clinical and Translational Oncology | Ausgabe 8/2017

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

To detect the expression level and significance of SOX10 in human bladder cancer.

Methods

Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to assess SOX10 protein level using a bladder cancer tissue microarray (including 59 spots of cancer tissues and 46 spots of paired normal tissues) and 31 specimens and to define the relationship between SOX10 and clinicopathological bladder cancer characteristics in patients. SOX10 protein and mRNA levels in bladder cancer cell lines (T24, 5637, BIU87, EJ) and transitional cell papilloma cell line (RT4) were tested by western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR), respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays were performed to investigate bladder cancer cell proliferation after SOX10 knockdown. The effect of SOX10 on cell migration and invasion was analyzed by Transwell and Matrigel assays. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate SOX10 prognostic significance for bladder cancer patients. The mechanisms by which SOX10 promote bladder cancer progression were examined by western blotting.

Results

SOX10 protein was upregulated in 74.4% of bladder cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues (32.6%). SOX10 protein was also upregulated in malignant cell lines. In addition, high SOX10 expression was related with clinical stage (P = 0.008), T stage (P = 0.004), histological grade (P = 0.002) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.006). Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox regression analyses showed that SOX10 functioned as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. SOX10 knockdown in bladder cancer cells significantly impacted proliferation, migration and invasion, and SOX10 might promote bladder cancer progression by altering β-catenin and Met expression.

Conclusion

SOX10 was over-expressed in bladder cancer and promoted malignant bladder cancer cell behaviors. SOX10 has potential as a molecular target for bladder cancer treatment.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Siegel R, Ma J, Zou Z, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin. 2014;64(1):9–29.PubMedCrossRef Siegel R, Ma J, Zou Z, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin. 2014;64(1):9–29.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Apolo AB, Vogelzang NJ, Theodorescu D. New and promising strategies in the management of bladder cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2015;35:105–12.CrossRef Apolo AB, Vogelzang NJ, Theodorescu D. New and promising strategies in the management of bladder cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2015;35:105–12.CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Wyszynski A, Tanyos SA, Rees JR, Marsit CJ, Kelsey KT, Schned AR, et al. Body mass and smoking are modifiable risk factors for recurrent bladder cancer. Cancer. 2014;120(3):408–14.PubMedCrossRef Wyszynski A, Tanyos SA, Rees JR, Marsit CJ, Kelsey KT, Schned AR, et al. Body mass and smoking are modifiable risk factors for recurrent bladder cancer. Cancer. 2014;120(3):408–14.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(17):1625–38.PubMedCrossRef Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(17):1625–38.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Hennings H, Glick AB, Greenhalgh DA, Morgan DL, Strickland JE, Tennenbaum T, et al. Critical aspects of initiation, promotion, and progression in multistage epidermal carcinogenesis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1993;202(1):1–8.PubMedCrossRef Hennings H, Glick AB, Greenhalgh DA, Morgan DL, Strickland JE, Tennenbaum T, et al. Critical aspects of initiation, promotion, and progression in multistage epidermal carcinogenesis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1993;202(1):1–8.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Ramos JR, Pabijan J, Garcia R, Lekka M. The softening of human bladder cancer cells happens at an early stage of the malignancy process. Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2014;5:447–57.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ramos JR, Pabijan J, Garcia R, Lekka M. The softening of human bladder cancer cells happens at an early stage of the malignancy process. Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2014;5:447–57.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Gubbay J, Collignon J, Koopman P, Capel B, Economou A, Munsterberg A, et al. A gene mapping to the sex-determining region of the mouse Y chromosome is a member of a novel family of embryonically expressed genes. Nature. 1990;346(6281):245–50.PubMedCrossRef Gubbay J, Collignon J, Koopman P, Capel B, Economou A, Munsterberg A, et al. A gene mapping to the sex-determining region of the mouse Y chromosome is a member of a novel family of embryonically expressed genes. Nature. 1990;346(6281):245–50.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Watanabe Y, Broders-Bondon F, Baral V, Paul-Gilloteaux P, Pingault V, et al. Sox10 and Itgb1 interaction in enteric neural crest cell migration. Dev Biol. 2013;379(1):92–106.PubMedCrossRef Watanabe Y, Broders-Bondon F, Baral V, Paul-Gilloteaux P, Pingault V, et al. Sox10 and Itgb1 interaction in enteric neural crest cell migration. Dev Biol. 2013;379(1):92–106.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Miyahara K, Kato Y, Koga H, Dizon R, Lane GJ, Suzuki R, et al. Visualization of enteric neural crest cell migration in SOX10 transgenic mouse gut using time-lapse fluorescence imaging. J Pediatr Surg. 2011;46(12):2305–8.PubMedCrossRef Miyahara K, Kato Y, Koga H, Dizon R, Lane GJ, Suzuki R, et al. Visualization of enteric neural crest cell migration in SOX10 transgenic mouse gut using time-lapse fluorescence imaging. J Pediatr Surg. 2011;46(12):2305–8.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Mollaaghababa R, Pavan WJ. The importance of having your SOX on: role of SOX10 in the development of neural crest-derived melanocytes and glia. Oncogene. 2003;22(20):3024–34.PubMedCrossRef Mollaaghababa R, Pavan WJ. The importance of having your SOX on: role of SOX10 in the development of neural crest-derived melanocytes and glia. Oncogene. 2003;22(20):3024–34.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Inoue K, Tanabe Y, Lupski JR. Myelin deficiencies in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems associated with a SOX10 mutation. Ann Neurol. 1999;46(3):313–8.PubMedCrossRef Inoue K, Tanabe Y, Lupski JR. Myelin deficiencies in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems associated with a SOX10 mutation. Ann Neurol. 1999;46(3):313–8.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Izumi Y, Musha I, Suzuki E, Iso M, Jinno T, Horikawa R, et al. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in a female patient previously diagnosed as having waardenburg syndrome due to a sox10 mutation. Endocrine. 2015;49(2):553–6.PubMedCrossRef Izumi Y, Musha I, Suzuki E, Iso M, Jinno T, Horikawa R, et al. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in a female patient previously diagnosed as having waardenburg syndrome due to a sox10 mutation. Endocrine. 2015;49(2):553–6.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Okamura K, Oiso N, Tamiya G, Makino S, Tsujioka D, Abe Y, et al. Waardenburg syndrome type IIE in a Japanese patient caused by a novel missense mutation in the SOX10 gene. J Dermatol. 2015;42(12):1211–2.PubMedCrossRef Okamura K, Oiso N, Tamiya G, Makino S, Tsujioka D, Abe Y, et al. Waardenburg syndrome type IIE in a Japanese patient caused by a novel missense mutation in the SOX10 gene. J Dermatol. 2015;42(12):1211–2.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Wenzhi H, Ruijin W, Jieliang L, Xiaoyan M, Haibo L, Xiaoman W, et al. Heterozygous deletion at the SOX10 gene locus in two patients from a Chinese family with Waardenburg syndrome type II. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(10):1718–21.PubMedCrossRef Wenzhi H, Ruijin W, Jieliang L, Xiaoyan M, Haibo L, Xiaoman W, et al. Heterozygous deletion at the SOX10 gene locus in two patients from a Chinese family with Waardenburg syndrome type II. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(10):1718–21.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Panaccione A, Chang MT, Carbone BE, Guo Y, Moskaluk CA, Virk RK, et al. NOTCH1 and SOX10 are essential for proliferation and radiation resistance of cancer stem-like cells in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(8):2083–95.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Panaccione A, Chang MT, Carbone BE, Guo Y, Moskaluk CA, Virk RK, et al. NOTCH1 and SOX10 are essential for proliferation and radiation resistance of cancer stem-like cells in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(8):2083–95.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Kwon AY, Heo I, Lee HJ, Kim G, Kang H, Heo JH, et al. Sox10 expression in ovarian epithelial tumors is associated with poor overall survival. Virchows Arch. 2016;468(5):597–605.PubMedCrossRef Kwon AY, Heo I, Lee HJ, Kim G, Kang H, Heo JH, et al. Sox10 expression in ovarian epithelial tumors is associated with poor overall survival. Virchows Arch. 2016;468(5):597–605.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Schmitt AC, Cohen C, Siddiqui MT. Expression of SOX10 in salivary gland oncocytic neoplasms: a review and a comparative analysis with other immunohistochemical markers. Acta Cytol. 2015;59(5):384–90.PubMedCrossRef Schmitt AC, Cohen C, Siddiqui MT. Expression of SOX10 in salivary gland oncocytic neoplasms: a review and a comparative analysis with other immunohistochemical markers. Acta Cytol. 2015;59(5):384–90.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Lopez-Anido C, Sun G, Koenning M, Srinivasan R, Hung HA, Emery B, et al. Differential Sox10 genomic occupancy in myelinating glia. Glia., 2015;63(11):1897–914.CrossRef Lopez-Anido C, Sun G, Koenning M, Srinivasan R, Hung HA, Emery B, et al. Differential Sox10 genomic occupancy in myelinating glia. Glia., 2015;63(11):1897–914.CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhou D, Bai F, Zhang X, Hu M, Zhao G, Zhao Z, et al. SOX10 is a novel oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma through Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF4 cascade. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(10):9935–40.PubMedCrossRef Zhou D, Bai F, Zhang X, Hu M, Zhao G, Zhao Z, et al. SOX10 is a novel oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma through Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF4 cascade. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(10):9935–40.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Tong X, Li L, Li X, Heng L, Xhong L, Su X, et al. SOX10, a novel HMG-box-containing tumor suppressor, inhibits growth and metastasis of digestive cancers by suppressing the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Oncotarget. 2014;5(21):10571–83.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Tong X, Li L, Li X, Heng L, Xhong L, Su X, et al. SOX10, a novel HMG-box-containing tumor suppressor, inhibits growth and metastasis of digestive cancers by suppressing the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Oncotarget. 2014;5(21):10571–83.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Han B, Luan L, Xu Z, Wu B. Clinical significance and biological roles of CRKL in human bladder carcinoma. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(5):4101–6.PubMedCrossRef Han B, Luan L, Xu Z, Wu B. Clinical significance and biological roles of CRKL in human bladder carcinoma. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(5):4101–6.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Sutherland JM, Sobinoff AP, Fraser BA, Redgrove KA, Davidson TL, Siddall NA, et al. RNA binding protein Musashi-1 directly targets Msi2 and Erh during early testis germ cell development and interacts with IPO5 upon translocation to the nucleus. FASEB J. 2015;29(7):2759–68.PubMedCrossRef Sutherland JM, Sobinoff AP, Fraser BA, Redgrove KA, Davidson TL, Siddall NA, et al. RNA binding protein Musashi-1 directly targets Msi2 and Erh during early testis germ cell development and interacts with IPO5 upon translocation to the nucleus. FASEB J. 2015;29(7):2759–68.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Bondurand N, Kobetz A, Pingault V, Lemort N, Encha-razavi F, Couly G, et al. Expression of the SOX10 gene during human development. FEBS Lett. 1998;432(3):168–72.PubMedCrossRef Bondurand N, Kobetz A, Pingault V, Lemort N, Encha-razavi F, Couly G, et al. Expression of the SOX10 gene during human development. FEBS Lett. 1998;432(3):168–72.PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee KE, Nam S, Cho EA, Seong I, Lima JK, Lee S, et al. Identification of direct regulatory targets of the transcription factor Sox10 based on function and conservation. BMC Genom. 2008;9:408.CrossRef Lee KE, Nam S, Cho EA, Seong I, Lima JK, Lee S, et al. Identification of direct regulatory targets of the transcription factor Sox10 based on function and conservation. BMC Genom. 2008;9:408.CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Bondurand N, Kuhlbrodt K, Pingault V, Enderich J, Sajus M, Tommerup N, et al. A molecular analysis of the yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome: SOX10 dysfunction causes different neurocristopathies. Hum Mol Genet. 1999;8(9):1785–9.PubMedCrossRef Bondurand N, Kuhlbrodt K, Pingault V, Enderich J, Sajus M, Tommerup N, et al. A molecular analysis of the yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome: SOX10 dysfunction causes different neurocristopathies. Hum Mol Genet. 1999;8(9):1785–9.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Potterf SB, Furumura M, Dunn KJ, Arnheiter H, Pavan WJ. Transcription factor hierarchy in Waardenburg syndrome: regulation of MITF expression by SOX10 and PAX3. Hum Genet. 2000;107(1):1–6.PubMedCrossRef Potterf SB, Furumura M, Dunn KJ, Arnheiter H, Pavan WJ. Transcription factor hierarchy in Waardenburg syndrome: regulation of MITF expression by SOX10 and PAX3. Hum Genet. 2000;107(1):1–6.PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Sham MH, Lui VC, Fu M, Chen B, Tam PK. SOX10 is abnormally expressed in aganglionic bowel of Hirschsprung’s disease infants. Gut. 2001;49(2):220–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Sham MH, Lui VC, Fu M, Chen B, Tam PK. SOX10 is abnormally expressed in aganglionic bowel of Hirschsprung’s disease infants. Gut. 2001;49(2):220–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Bondurand N, Girard M, Pingault V, Lemort N, Dubourg O, Goossens M. Human Connexin 32, a gap junction protein altered in the X-linked form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, is directly regulated by the transcription factor SOX10. Hum Mol Genet. 2001;10(24):2783–95.PubMedCrossRef Bondurand N, Girard M, Pingault V, Lemort N, Dubourg O, Goossens M. Human Connexin 32, a gap junction protein altered in the X-linked form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, is directly regulated by the transcription factor SOX10. Hum Mol Genet. 2001;10(24):2783–95.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Pingault V, Girard M, Bondurand N, Dorkins H, Van Maldergem L, Mowat D, et al. SOX10 mutations in chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction suggest a complex physiopathological mechanism. Hum Genet. 2002;111(2):198–206.PubMedCrossRef Pingault V, Girard M, Bondurand N, Dorkins H, Van Maldergem L, Mowat D, et al. SOX10 mutations in chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction suggest a complex physiopathological mechanism. Hum Genet. 2002;111(2):198–206.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Paratore C, Eichenberger C, Suter U, Sommer L. Sox10 haploinsufficiency affects maintenance of progenitor cells in a mouse model of Hirschsprung disease. Hum Mol Genet. 2002;11(24):3075–85.PubMedCrossRef Paratore C, Eichenberger C, Suter U, Sommer L. Sox10 haploinsufficiency affects maintenance of progenitor cells in a mouse model of Hirschsprung disease. Hum Mol Genet. 2002;11(24):3075–85.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat McKeown SJ, Lee VM, Bronner-Fraser M, Newgreen DF, Farlie PG. Sox10 overexpression induces neural crest-like cells from all dorsoventral levels of the neural tube but inhibits differentiation. Dev Dyn. 2005;233(2):430–44.PubMedCrossRef McKeown SJ, Lee VM, Bronner-Fraser M, Newgreen DF, Farlie PG. Sox10 overexpression induces neural crest-like cells from all dorsoventral levels of the neural tube but inhibits differentiation. Dev Dyn. 2005;233(2):430–44.PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Bannykh SI, Stolt CC, Kim J, Perry A, Wegner M. Oligodendroglial-specific transcriptional factor SOX10 is ubiquitously expressed in human gliomas. J Neurooncol. 2006;76(2):115–27.PubMedCrossRef Bannykh SI, Stolt CC, Kim J, Perry A, Wegner M. Oligodendroglial-specific transcriptional factor SOX10 is ubiquitously expressed in human gliomas. J Neurooncol. 2006;76(2):115–27.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Addo-Yobo SO, Straessle J, Anwar A, Donson AM, Kleinschmidt-demasters BK, Foreman NK. Paired overexpression of ErbB3 and Sox10 in pilocytic astrocytoma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2006;65(8):769–75.PubMedCrossRef Addo-Yobo SO, Straessle J, Anwar A, Donson AM, Kleinschmidt-demasters BK, Foreman NK. Paired overexpression of ErbB3 and Sox10 in pilocytic astrocytoma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2006;65(8):769–75.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Yokoyama S, Takeda K, Shibahara S. Functional difference of the SOX10 mutant proteins responsible for the phenotypic variability in auditory-pigmentary disorders. J Biochem. 2006;140(4):491–9.PubMedCrossRef Yokoyama S, Takeda K, Shibahara S. Functional difference of the SOX10 mutant proteins responsible for the phenotypic variability in auditory-pigmentary disorders. J Biochem. 2006;140(4):491–9.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Ferletta M, Uhrbom L, Olofsson T, Ponten F, Westermark B. Sox10 has a broad expression pattern in gliomas and enhances platelet-derived growth factor-B–induced gliomagenesis. Mol Cancer Res. 2007;5(9):891–7.PubMedCrossRef Ferletta M, Uhrbom L, Olofsson T, Ponten F, Westermark B. Sox10 has a broad expression pattern in gliomas and enhances platelet-derived growth factor-B–induced gliomagenesis. Mol Cancer Res. 2007;5(9):891–7.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Nonaka D, Chiriboga L, Rubin BP. Sox10: a pan-schwannian and melanocytic marker. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32(9):1291–8.PubMedCrossRef Nonaka D, Chiriboga L, Rubin BP. Sox10: a pan-schwannian and melanocytic marker. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32(9):1291–8.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Flammiger A, Besch R, Cook AL, Maier T, Sturm RA, Berking C. SOX9 and SOX10 but not BRN2 are required for nestin expression in human melanoma cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(4):945–53.PubMedCrossRef Flammiger A, Besch R, Cook AL, Maier T, Sturm RA, Berking C. SOX9 and SOX10 but not BRN2 are required for nestin expression in human melanoma cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(4):945–53.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Blochin E, Nonaka D. Diagnostic value of Sox10 immunohistochemical staining for the detection of metastatic melanoma in sentinel lymph nodes. Histopathology. 2009;55(5):626–8.PubMedCrossRef Blochin E, Nonaka D. Diagnostic value of Sox10 immunohistochemical staining for the detection of metastatic melanoma in sentinel lymph nodes. Histopathology. 2009;55(5):626–8.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao Y, Liu ZG, Tang J, Zou RF, Chen XY, Jiang GM, et al. High expression of Sox10 correlates with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther. 2016;9:1671–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zhao Y, Liu ZG, Tang J, Zou RF, Chen XY, Jiang GM, et al. High expression of Sox10 correlates with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther. 2016;9:1671–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Mohamed A, Gonzalez RS, Lawson D, Wang J, Cohen C. SOX10 expression in malignant melanoma, carcinoma, and normal tissues. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2013;21(6):506–10.PubMedCrossRef Mohamed A, Gonzalez RS, Lawson D, Wang J, Cohen C. SOX10 expression in malignant melanoma, carcinoma, and normal tissues. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2013;21(6):506–10.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Ohtomo R, Mori T, Shibata S, Tsuta K, Maeshima AM, Akazawa C, et al. SOX10 is a novel marker of acinus and intercalated duct differentiation in salivary gland tumors: a clue to the histogenesis for tumor diagnosis. Mod Pathol. 2013;26(8):1041–50.PubMedCrossRef Ohtomo R, Mori T, Shibata S, Tsuta K, Maeshima AM, Akazawa C, et al. SOX10 is a novel marker of acinus and intercalated duct differentiation in salivary gland tumors: a clue to the histogenesis for tumor diagnosis. Mod Pathol. 2013;26(8):1041–50.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Shakhova O, Zingg D, Schaefer SM, Hari L, Civenni G, Blunschi J, et al. Sox10 promotes the formation and maintenance of giant congenital naevi and melanoma. Nat Cell Biol. 2012;14(8):882–90.PubMedCrossRef Shakhova O, Zingg D, Schaefer SM, Hari L, Civenni G, Blunschi J, et al. Sox10 promotes the formation and maintenance of giant congenital naevi and melanoma. Nat Cell Biol. 2012;14(8):882–90.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Bartek J. DNA damage response, genetic instability and cancer: from mechanistic insights to personalized treatment. Mol Oncol. 2011;5(4):303–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Bartek J. DNA damage response, genetic instability and cancer: from mechanistic insights to personalized treatment. Mol Oncol. 2011;5(4):303–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Groner AC, Cato L, de Tribolet-Hardy J, Bernasocchi T, Janouskova H, Melchers D, et al. TRIM24 Is an Oncogenic Transcriptional Activator in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Cell. 2016;29(6):846–58.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Groner AC, Cato L, de Tribolet-Hardy J, Bernasocchi T, Janouskova H, Melchers D, et al. TRIM24 Is an Oncogenic Transcriptional Activator in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Cell. 2016;29(6):846–58.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
SOX10 is over-expressed in bladder cancer and contributes to the malignant bladder cancer cell behaviors
verfasst von
H. Yin
C. Qin
Y. Zhao
Y. Du
Z. Sheng
Q. Wang
Q. Song
L. Chen
C. Liu
T. Xu
Publikationsdatum
03.03.2017
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Clinical and Translational Oncology / Ausgabe 8/2017
Print ISSN: 1699-048X
Elektronische ISSN: 1699-3055
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-017-1641-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2017

Clinical and Translational Oncology 8/2017 Zur Ausgabe

Adjuvante Immuntherapie verlängert Leben bei RCC

25.04.2024 Nierenkarzinom Nachrichten

Nun gibt es auch Resultate zum Gesamtüberleben: Eine adjuvante Pembrolizumab-Therapie konnte in einer Phase-3-Studie das Leben von Menschen mit Nierenzellkarzinom deutlich verlängern. Die Sterberate war im Vergleich zu Placebo um 38% geringer.

Alectinib verbessert krankheitsfreies Überleben bei ALK-positivem NSCLC

25.04.2024 NSCLC Nachrichten

Das Risiko für Rezidiv oder Tod von Patienten und Patientinnen mit reseziertem ALK-positivem NSCLC ist unter einer adjuvanten Therapie mit dem Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitor Alectinib signifikant geringer als unter platinbasierter Chemotherapie.

Bei Senioren mit Prostatakarzinom auf Anämie achten!

24.04.2024 DGIM 2024 Nachrichten

Patienten, die zur Behandlung ihres Prostatakarzinoms eine Androgendeprivationstherapie erhalten, entwickeln nicht selten eine Anämie. Wer ältere Patienten internistisch mitbetreut, sollte auf diese Nebenwirkung achten.

ICI-Therapie in der Schwangerschaft wird gut toleriert

Müssen sich Schwangere einer Krebstherapie unterziehen, rufen Immuncheckpointinhibitoren offenbar nicht mehr unerwünschte Wirkungen hervor als andere Mittel gegen Krebs.

Update Onkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.