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2023 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

23. Sport bei Myokarderkrankungen

verfasst von : Andrei Codreanu, Charles Delagardelle, Laurent Groben, Maria Kyriakopoulou, Axel Urhausen

Erschienen in: Sportkardiologie

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Zusammenfassung

Myokarderkrankungen sind die Hauptursachen des plötzlichen Herztodes bei unter 35-Jährigen. Hierbei handelt es sich um einen Sammelbegriff für angeborene und erworbene Herzmuskelerkrankungen mit unterschiedlichen Ursachen, Symptomatik, klinischem Verlauf sowie Prognose und Risiko für akute Komplikationen und/oder eine progressive Verschlechterung durch Sport. Bei manchen Kardiomyopathien stellt der plötzliche Herztod das erste Krankheitssymptom dar.

Im Kapitel wird auf die Diagnostik, Therapie, Risikostratifizierung und Sportempfehlungen bei der hypertrophen Kardiomyopathie, der linksventrikulären “non-compaction” Kardiomyopathie, der arrhythmogenen rechtsventrikulären Kardiomyopathie und der Myokardits eingegangen.

In der Gesundheitsuntersuchung (noch) asymptomatischer Sportler kann eine erste Verdachtsdiagnose meist bereits im Ruhe-EKG gestellt werden, die Echokardiografie und das Belastungs-EKG stellen jedoch sinnvolle Ergänzungen dar.

In der Abklärung der Myokarderkrankungen konnten in den letzten Jahren erhebliche Fortschritte, insbesondere durch die Magnetresonanztomografie sowie die Längsschnittbeobachtung betroffener Sportler einschließlich der Auswertung implantierter Defibrillatoren erzielt werden. Inzwischen liegen präzisierte internationale europäische und US-amerikanische Empfehlungen zur sportlichen Belastbarkeit bei den verschiedenen Krankheitsbildern vor.

Bei den meisten Kardiomyopathien besteht eine klare Kontraindikation zum Leistungssport.

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Titel: Sport bei Myokarderkrankungen
verfasst von: Andrei Codreanu
Charles Delagardelle
Laurent Groben
Maria Kyriakopoulou
Axel Urhausen
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Sportkardiologie
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-65164-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-662-65165-0

Copyright-Jahr: 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65165-0_23

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