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Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie 1/2024

12.12.2023 | Systemische Mastozytose | CME

Mastozytose – eine häufig unerkannte Erkrankung

verfasst von: Melba Muñoz, MD. PhD, Frank Siebenhaar

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 1/2024

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Zusammenfassung

Die Mastozytose ist eine seltene Erkrankung, die durch eine klonale Expansion und Anhäufung von Mastzellen (MZ) in verschiedenen Organen gekennzeichnet ist. Die Mastozytose entsteht durch eine Aktivierungsmutation des KIT-Oberflächenrezeptors, die zu einer erhöhten Proliferation von MZ führt. Es bestehen erhebliche Unterschiede zwischen Kindern und erwachsenen Patienten mit Mastozytose. Kinder zeigen hauptsächlich die kutane Form, und Erwachsene weisen häufiger die systemische Form auf. Patienten mit Mastozytose können asymptomatisch sein oder eine Vielzahl von Symptomen aufweisen. Die Therapie ist primär unterstützend und zielt auf die Kontrolle der Symptome ab. Neue zugelassene zielgerichtete Therapien wie Midostaurin und Avapritinib haben das Behandlungsparadigma bei Patienten im fortgeschrittenen Stadium verändert, und Inhibitoren der nächsten Generation, die derzeit in klinischen Studien untersucht werden, werden für die nahe Zukunft erwartet.
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Metadaten
Titel
Mastozytose – eine häufig unerkannte Erkrankung
verfasst von
Melba Muñoz, MD. PhD
Frank Siebenhaar
Publikationsdatum
12.12.2023
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 1/2024
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-023-05258-8

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