Background
Methods
Subjects
Oral health examinations
Taste tests
Data analysis
Results
Oral health status
Grade | Variables | Category | Total | Boys | Girls | P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | ||||
DT+dt | 0 | 64 | 57.7 | 30 | 51.7 | 34 | 64.2 | n.s. | |
1+ | 47 | 42.3 | 28 | 48.3 | 19 | 35.8 | |||
FT+ft | 0 | 44 | 39.6 | 20 | 34.5 | 24 | 45.3 | n.s. | |
1+ | 67 | 60.4 | 38 | 65.5 | 29 | 54.7 | |||
Plaque score | 0 | 56 | 50.5 | 29 | 50.0 | 27 | 50.9 | n.s. | |
1+ | 55 | 49.5 | 29 | 50.0 | 26 | 49.1 | |||
1st-3rd
| Gingivitis | 0 | 79 | 71.2 | 43 | 74.1 | 36 | 67.0 | n.s |
1+ | 32 | 28.8 | 15 | 25.9 | 17 | 32.1 | |||
Area of tongue coating | 0,1 | 53 | 47.7 | 31 | 53.4 | 22 | 41.5 | n.s | |
2+ | 58 | 52.3 | 27 | 41.5 | 31 | 53.4 | |||
Thickness of tongue coating | 0,1 | 67 | 60.4 | 41 | 70.7 | 26 | 49.1 | 0.032 | |
2+ | 44 | 39.6 | 17 | 29.3 | 27 | 50.9 | |||
DT+dt | 0 | 104 | 82.5 | 51 | 81.0 | 53 | 84.1 | n.s | |
1+ | 22 | 17.5 | 12 | 19.0 | 10 | 15.9 | |||
FT+ft | 0 | 45 | 35.7 | 22 | 34.9 | 23 | 36.5 | n.s | |
1+ | 81 | 64.3 | 41 | 65.1 | 40 | 63.5 | |||
Plaque score | 0 | 57 | 45.2 | 25 | 39.7 | 32 | 50.8 | n.s | |
1+ | 69 | 54.8 | 38 | 60.3 | 31 | 49.2 | |||
4th-6th
| Gingivitis | 0 | 66 | 52.4 | 27 | 42.9 | 39 | 61.9 | 0.049 |
1+ | 60 | 47.6 | 36 | 57.1 | 24 | 38.1 | |||
Area of tongue coating | 0,1 | 41 | 46.0 | 47 | 31.7 | 21 | 33.3 | n.s | |
2+ | 85 | 54.0 | 13 | 68.3 | 42 | 66.7 | |||
Thickness of tongue coating | 0,1 | 58 | 46.0 | 17 | 42.9 | 31 | 49.2 | n.s | |
2+ | 68 | 54.0 | 43 | 57.1 | 32 | 50.8 | |||
DT + dt | 0 | 81 | 72.3 | 47 | 78.3 | 34 | 65.4 | n.s | |
1+ | 31 | 27.7 | 13 | 21.7 | 18 | 34.6 | |||
FT + ft | 0 | 42 | 37.5 | 17 | 28.3 | 25 | 48.1 | n.s | |
1+ | 70 | 62.5 | 43 | 71.7 | 27 | 51.9 | |||
7th-9th
| Plaque score | 0 | 23 | 20.5 | 11 | 18.3 | 12 | 23.1 | n.s |
1+ | 89 | 79.5 | 49 | 81.7 | 40 | 76.1 | |||
Gingivitis | 0 | 43 | 38.4 | 21 | 35.0 | 22 | 42.3 | n.s | |
1+ | 69 | 61.6 | 39 | 65.0 | 30 | 57.7 | |||
Area of tongue coating | 0,1 | 68 | 60.7 | 35 | 58.3 | 33 | 63.5 | n.s | |
2+ | 44 | 39.3 | 25 | 41.7 | 19 | 36.5 | |||
Thickness of tongue coating | 0,1 | 84 | 75.0 | 44 | 73.3 | 40 | 76.9 | n.s | |
2+ | 28 | 25.0 | 16 | 26.7 | 12 | 23.1 |
Taste hyposensitivity
Sweet-taste hyposensitivity | Salt-taste hyposensitivity | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grade | Total | Boys | Girls | p-value | Total | Boys | Girls | p-value | ||||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |||
1st-3rd
| 12 | 10.8 | 7 | 12.1 | 5 | 9.4 | n.s. | 18 | 16.2 | 13 | 22.4 | 5 | 9.4 | n.s. |
4th-6th
| 6 | 4.8 | 2 | 3.2 | 4 | 6.3 | n.s. | 11 | 8.7 | 6 | 9.5 | 5 | 7.9 | n.s. |
7th-9th
| 4 | 3.6 | 4 | 6.7 | 0 | 0.0 | n.s. | 21 | 18.8 | 13 | 21.7 | 8 | 15.4 | n.s |
Total | 22 | 6.3 | 13 | 7.2 | 9 | 5.4 | n.s. | 50 | 14.3 | 32 | 17.7 | 18 | 10.7 | n.s |
Sour-taste hyposensitivity
|
Bitter-taste hyposensitivity
| |||||||||||||
Grade
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Total
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Boys
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Girls
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p-value
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Total
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Boys
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Girls
|
p-value
| ||||||
n
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%
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n
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%
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n
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%
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n
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%
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n
|
%
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n
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%
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1st-3rd
| 32 | 28.8 | 21 | 36.2 | 11 | 20.8 | n.s. | 18 | 16.2 | 14 | 24.1 | 4 | 7.5 | 0.021 |
4th-6th
| 26 | 20.6 | 15 | 23.8 | 11 | 17.5 | n.s. | 3 | 2.4 | 2 | 3.2 | 1 | 1.6 | n.s. |
7th-9th
| 15 | 13.2 | 8 | 13.3 | 7 | 13.2 | n.s. | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | - |
Total | 73 | 20.9 | 44 | 24.3 | 29 | 17.3 | n.s. | 21 | 6.0 | 16 | 8.8 | 5 | 3.0 | 0.024 |
Sweet-taste hyposensitivity | Salt-taste hyposensitivity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grade | 1st-3rd
| 4th-6th
| 7th-9th
| Grade | 1st-3rd
| 4th-6th
| 7th-9th
|
1st-3rd
| - | n.s. | 0.041 | 1st-3rd
| - | n.s. | n.s. |
4th-6th
| - | - | n.s | 4th-6th
| - | - | 0.035 |
Sour-taste hyposensitivity
|
Bitter-taste hyposensitivity
| ||||||
Grade
|
1
st
-3
rd
|
4
th
-6
th
|
7
th
-9
th
|
Grade
|
1
st
-3
rd
|
4
th
-6
th
|
7
th
-9
th
|
1st-3rd
| - | n.s. | 0.004 | 1st-3rd
| - | 0.001 | 0.001 |
4th-6th
| - | - | n.s | 4th-6th
| - | - | n.s. |
Sweet-taste hyposensitivity | Salt-taste hyposensitivity | Sour-taste hyposensitivity | Bitter-taste hyposensitivity | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+ | – | + | – | + | – | + | – | |||||||||||
Grade | variables | Category | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
DT+dt | 0 | 5 | 7.8 | 59 | 92.2 | 8 | 12.5 | 56 | 87.5 | 16 | 25.0 | 48 | 75.0 | 12 | 18.8 | 52 | 81.3 | |
1+ | 7 | 14.9 | 40 | 85.1 | 10 | 21.3 | 37 | 78.7 | 16 | 34.0 | 31 | 66.0 | 6 | 12.8 | 41 | 87.2 | ||
FT + ft | 0 | 4 | 9.1 | 40 | 90.9 | 9 | 20.5 | 35 | 79.5 | 16 | 36.4 | 28 | 63.6 | 4 | 9.1 | 40 | 90.2 | |
1+ | 8 | 11.9 | 59 | 88.1 | 9 | 13.4 | 58 | 86.6 | 16 | 23.9 | 51 | 76.3 | 14 | 20.9 | 53 | 79.1 | ||
1st-3rd
| Plaque | 0 | 7 | 12.5 | 49 | 87.5 | 13 | 23.3 | 43 | 76.8 | 16 | 28.6 | 40 | 71.4 | 12 | 21.4 | 44 | 78.6 |
1+ | 5 | 9.1 | 50 | 90.9 | 5 | 9.1 | 50 | 90.9 | 16 | 29.9 | 39 | 70.9 | 6 | 10.9 | 49 | 89.1 | ||
Gingivitis | 0 | 9 | 11.4 | 70 | 88.6 | 14 | 17.7 | 65 | 82.3 | 27 | 34.2 | 52 | 65.8 | 13 | 16.5 | 66 | 71.0 | |
1+ | 3 | 9.4 | 29 | 90.6 | 4 | 12.5 | 28 | 87.5 | 5 | 15.6 | 27 | 84.4 | 5 | 15.6 | 27 | 29.0 | ||
Area of tongue coating | 0,1 | 6 | 11.3 | 47 | 88.7 | 10 | 18.9 | 43 | 81.1 | 17 | 32.1 | 36 | 67.9 | 9 | 17.0 | 44 | 83.0 | |
2+ | 6 | 10.3 | 52 | 89.7 | 8 | 13.8 | 50 | 86.2 | 15 | 25.9 | 43 | 74.1 | 9 | 15.5 | 49 | 84.5 | ||
Thickness of tongue coating | 0,1 | 7 | 10.4 | 60 | 89.6 | 13 | 19.4 | 54 | 80.6 | 21 | 31.3 | 46 | 68.7 | 13 | 19.4 | 54 | 80.6 | |
2+ | 5 | 11.4 | 39 | 88.6 | 5 | 11.4 | 39 | 88.6 | 11 | 25.0 | 33 | 75.0 | 5 | 11.4 | 39 | 88.6 | ||
DT+dt | 0 | 5 | 4.8 | 99 | 95.2 | 7 | 6.7 | 97 | 93.3 | 18 | 17.3 | 86 | 82.7 | 3 | 2.9 | 101 | 97.1 | |
1+ | 1 | 4.5 | 21 | 95.5 | 4 | 18.2 | 18 | 81.8 | 8 | 36.4 | 14 | 63.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 22 | 100.0 | ||
FT + ft | 0 | 4 | 8.9 | 41 | 91.1 | 2 | 4.4 | 43 | 95.6 | 6 | 13.3 | 39 | 86.7 | 2 | 44.4 | 43 | 95.6 | |
1+ | 2 | 2.5 | 79 | 97.5 | 9 | 11.1 | 72 | 88.9 | 20 | 24.7 | 61 | 75.3 | 1 | 1.2 | 80 | 98.8 | ||
4th-6th
| Plaque | 0 | 3 | 5.3 | 99 | 94.7 | 5 | 8.8 | 52 | 91.2 | 12 | 21.1 | 86 | 78.9 | 1 | 1.8 | 56 | 98.2 |
1+ | 3 | 4.3 | 21 | 95.7 | 6 | 8.7 | 63 | 91.3 | 14 | 20.3 | 14 | 79.7 | 2 | 2.9 | 67 | 97.1 | ||
Gingivitis | 0 | 4 | 6.1 | 62 | 93.9 | 6 | 9.1 | 60 | 90.9 | 13 | 19.7 | 53 | 80.3 | 1 | 1.5 | 65 | 98.5 | |
1+ | 2 | 3.3 | 58 | 96.7 | 5 | 8.3 | 55 | 91.7 | 13 | 21.7 | 47 | 78.3 | 2 | 3.3 | 58 | 96.7 | ||
Area of tongue coating | 0,1 | 3 | 7.3 | 38 | 92.7 | 3 | 7.3 | 38 | 92.7 | 4 | 9.8 | 37 | 90.2 | 2 | 4.9 | 39 | 95.1 | |
2+ | 3 | 3.5 | 82 | 96.5 | 8 | 9.4 | 77 | 90.6 | 22 | 25.9 | 63 | 74.1 | 1 | 1.2 | 84 | 98.8 | ||
Thickness of tongue coating | 0,1 | 2 | 3.4 | 56 | 96.6 | 4 | 6.9 | 54 | 93.1 | 9 | 15.5 | 49 | 84.5 | 1 | 1.7 | 57 | 98.3 | |
2+ | 4 | 5.9 | 64 | 94.1 | 7 | 10.3 | 61 | 89.7 | 17 | 25.0 | 51 | 75.0 | 2 | 2.9 | 66 | 97.1 | ||
DT+dt | 0 | 3 | 3.7 | 78 | 96.3 | 16 | 19.8 | 65 | 80.2 | 10 | 12.3 | 71 | 87.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 81 | 100.0 | |
1+ | 1 | 3.2 | 30 | 96.8 | 5 | 16.1 | 26 | 83.9 | 5 | 16.1 | 26 | 83.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 31 | 100.0 | ||
FT + ft | 0 | 2 | 4.8 | 40 | 95.2 | 8 | 19.0 | 34 | 81.0 | 4 | 9.5 | 38 | 90.5 | 0 | 0.0 | 42 | 100.0 | |
1+ | 2 | 2.9 | 68 | 97.1 | 13 | 18.6 | 54 | 81.4 | 11 | 15.7 | 59 | 84.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 70 | 100.0 | ||
7th-9th
| Plaque | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 23 | 100.0 | 5 | 21.7 | 18 | 78.3 | 6 | 26.1 | 17 | 73.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 23 | 100.0 |
1+ | 4 | 4.5 | 85 | 95.5 | 16 | 18.0 | 73 | 82.0 | 9 | 10.1 | 80 | 89.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 89 | 100.0 | ||
Gingivitis | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 43 | 100.0 | 6 | 14.0 | 37 | 86.0 | 8 | 18.6 | 35 | 81.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 43 | 100.0 | |
1+ | 4 | 5.8 | 65 | 95.5 | 15 | 21.7 | 54 | 78.3 | 7 | 10.1 | 62 | 89.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 69 | 100.0 | ||
Area of tongue coating | 0,1 | 2 | 2.9 | 66 | 97.1 | 12 | 82.4 | 56 | 82.4 | 10 | 14.7 | 58 | 85.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 68 | 100.0 | |
2+ | 2 | 4.5 | 42 | 95.5 | 9 | 79.5 | 35 | 79.5 | 5 | 11.7 | 39 | 88.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 44 | 100.0 | ||
Thickness of tongue coating | 0,1 | 2 | 2.4 | 82 | 97.6 | 14 | 16.7 | 70 | 83.3 | 12 | 14.3 | 72 | 85.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 84 | 100.0 | |
2+ | 2 | 7.1 | 26 | 92.9 | 7 | 25.0 | 21 | 75.0 | 3 | 10.7 | 25 | 89.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 28 | 100.0 |