Erschienen in:
01.10.2015 | Immunology and Transplantation (A Pileggi, Section Editor)
The CXCR1/2 Pathway: Involvement in Diabetes Pathophysiology and Potential Target for T1D Interventions
verfasst von:
Antonio Citro, Elisa Cantarelli, Lorenzo Piemonti
Erschienen in:
Current Diabetes Reports
|
Ausgabe 10/2015
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Abstract
Although numerous chemokine/chemokine receptor pathways have been described to be implicated in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), the CXCR1/2 axis has recently been proved to be crucial for leucocyte recruitment involved in insulitis and β cell damage. Multiple strategies blocking the CXCR1/2 pathway are available such as neutralizing antibodies, small molecules and peptide-derived inhibitors. They were firstly and widely used in cancer thanks to their anti-tumorigenic activity and only recently they were tested as a new interventional approach for T1D. As well, CXCR1/2 inhibition has been demonstrated to prevent inflammation- and autoimmunity-mediated damage of the pancreatic islets through inhibiting the migration of CXCR1/2-expressing cells. Among them, neutrophils, macrophages, and, although to a smaller extent, lymphoid cells are the main CXCR1/2-expressing cells. These results supported the active role of the innate immunity in the autoimmune process and opened new interventional approaches for the management of T1D.