Background
Methods
Patients and definition
Statistical analysis
Results and discussion
Results
Prognostic factor | Non-survivors (n = 41) | Survivors (n = 69) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Gender (men) | 30 (73.2) | 42 (60.9) | 0.190 |
Age | 69.3 ± 1.7 | 59.7 ± 1.8 |
0.001
|
APACHE II score | 26.6 ± 0.1 | 20.3 ± 0.8 |
< 0.001
|
SOFA score | 10.1 ± 0.7 | 8.3 ± 0.4 |
0.040
|
DIC score | 4.5 ± 0.32 | 4.37 ± 0.25 | 0.776 |
Shock | 24 (58.5) | 35 (50.7) | 0.427 |
Underlying disease | 27 (58.5) | 37 (53.6) | 0.209 |
Chronic cardiac insufficiency | 3 (11.1) | 3 (7.9) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 4 (14.8) | 9 (23.7) | |
Hepatic cirrhosis | 6 (22.2) | 6 (15.8) | |
Immunosuppression | 8 (29.6) | 10 (26.3) | |
Neoplasm | 4 (14.8) | 5 (13.2) | |
Chronic renal insufficiency | 1 (3.7) | 1 (2.6) | |
Chronic pulmonary insufficiency | 1 (3.7) | 3 (7.9) | |
Localization of infection | |||
Abdomen | 16 (39.0) | 34 (49.3) | |
Lung | 19 (46.3) | 19 (27.5) |
0.045
|
Soft tissue | 5 (12.2) | 10 (14.5) | |
Others | 1 (2.4) | 6 (8.7) | |
From the general ward in our hospital | 22 (53.7) | 37 (53.6) | 0.997 |
Post surgery | 8 (19.5) | 21 (30.4) | 0.209 |
First antibiotic sensitivity | 14 / 27 (51.9) | 22 / 50 (44.0) | 0.510 |
Time lag between first detection of SIRS and administration of antibiotics | 12.8 ± 3.5 | 21.5 ± 6.4 | 0.125 |
GCS | 11.0 ± 0.6 | 11.6 ± 0.4 | 0.432 |
BUN (mg/dl) | 43.3 ± 4.2 | 32.7 ± 2.7 |
0.012
|
Cr (mg/dl) | 2.12 ± 0.21 | 1.64 ± 0.17 | 0.051 |
T-bilirubin (mg/dl) | 3.44 ± 0.77 | 2.70 ± 0.57 | 0.175 |
AT III (%) | 47.6 ± 3.1 | 63.1 ± 2.7 |
0.001
|
Fibrinogen (mg/dl) | 412 ± 33 | 463 ± 18 | 0.295 |
Platelets (×10 4/μl) | 11.6 ± 1.5 | 13.6 ± 1.6 | 0.619 |
CRP (mg/dl) | 17.4 ± 1.4 | 16.6 ± 1.1 | 0.625 |
Ht (%) | 31.0 ± 1.2 | 29.6 ± 0.7 | 0.422 |
DSOF (h) | 58.8 ± 16.5 | 74.7 ± 9.6 |
0.015
|
DSOF (≤ 24 h) | 26 (63.4) | 24 (34.8) |
0.004
|
DSOF (≤ 48 h) | 30 (73.2) | 38 (55.1) | 0.059 |
Characteristic | Group 1 (n = 50) | Group 2 (n = 60) |
P value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 66.8 ± 1.6 | 60.3 ± 2.1 |
0.048
|
Gender (men) | 32 ( 64.0 ) | 40 (66.7) | 0.770 |
APACHE II score | 23.3 ± 1.0 | 22.1 ± 0.9 | 0.463 |
SOFA score | 9.88 ± 0.51 | 8.12 ± 0.52 |
0.014
|
DIC score | 4.47 ± 0.28 | 4.38 ± 0.28 | 0.798 |
Shock | 32 ( 64.0) | 27 (45.0) |
0.047
|
Severe underlying disease | 29 (58.0) | 36 (60.0) | 0.832 |
Chronic cardiac insufficiency | 1 | 5 | 0.145 |
Diabetes mellitus | 8 | 5 | 0.215 |
Hepatic cirrhosis | 8 | 4 | 0.118 |
Neoplasm | 3 | 6 | 0.446 |
Immunosupression | 6 | 12 | 0.259 |
Chronic renal insufficiency | 2 | 0 | 0.118 |
Chronic pulmonary insufficiency | 1 | 3 | 0.403 |
Localization of primary infection | |||
Abdomen | 24 (48.0) | 26 (43.3) | 0.625 |
Lung | 13 (26.0) | 25 (41.7) | 0.085 |
Soft tissue | 9 (18.0) | 6 (10.0) | 0.223 |
Other | 4 (8.0) | 3 (5.0) | 0.521 |
AT III (%) | 56.6 ± 3.4 | 57.9 ± 2.9 | 0.643 |
Cr (mg/dl) | 2.28 ± 0.21 | 1.43 ± 0.16 |
< 0.001
|
BUN (mg/dl) | 41.9 ± 3.6 | 32.7 ± 3.0 |
0.018
|
Origin of infection | Group 1 (n = 50) | Group 2 (n = 60) |
P value |
---|---|---|---|
Pneumonia | 12/13 (92.3) | 7/25 (28.0) |
<0.001
|
Panperitonitis | 5/14 (35.7) | 3/7 (42.9) | 0.751 |
Biliary tract infection | 2/6 (33.3) | 1/10 (10) | 0.247 |
Necrotizing fasciitis | 5/8 (62.5) | 0/2 (0) | 0.114 |
Others | 3/9 (33.3) | 3/16 (18.8) |
Bacteria | Number of patients | Number of patients | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DSOF ≤24 h
|
DSOF >24 h
|
P
|
Non-survivor
|
survivor
|
P
| |
MRSA*
| 4 | 11 | 5 | 10 | ||
Streptococcus spp.
| 8 | 2 |
0.04
| 7 | 3 | 0.07 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| 2 | 7 | 5 | 4 | ||
Escherchia coli
| 7 | 1 |
0.016
| 0 | 8 |
0.02
|
Enterococcus spp.
| 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | ||
Vibrio vulnificus
| 5 | 1 | 0.06 | 3 | 3 | |
Klebsiella spp.
| 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | ||
Enterobacter spp.
| 1 | 4 | 1 | 4 | ||
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
| 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | ||
Haemophilus influenzae
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
Legionella pneumophila
| 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | ||
MSSA**
| 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | ||
Staphylococcus epidermidis
| 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
Bacillus spp.
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
Bacteroides spp.
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
Corynebacterium spp.
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
Morganella morganii
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
Mycobacterium spp.
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Salmonella spp.
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Serratia marcescens
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Acinetobacter spp.
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
Fungus
| 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | ||
Others
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
Unknown
| 11 | 8 | 7 | 12 | ||
Total
|
53
|
61
|
44
|
70
|
Risk factor | In-hospital mortality OR (95% CI) |
P Value |
---|---|---|
DSOF (≤ 24 h) | 5.371 (1.358-21.235) |
0.017
|
Pneumonia | 11.494 (2.347-55.556) |
0.003
|
APACHE II score | 1.189 (1.060-1.334) |
0.003
|
AT III | 0.956 (0.923-0.991) |
0.013
|
Age | 1.068 (1.014-1.125) |
0.021
|
Gender (female) | 0.388 (0.101-1.381) | 0.153 |
T-bilirubin | 1.030 (0.921-1.153) | 0.602 |
BUN | 0.994 (0.961-1.028) | 0.717 |
Cr | 0.911 (0.496-1.675) | 0.765 |