Introduction
Methods
Search strategy and inclusion criteria
Study selection
Data extraction
Quality evaluation
Statistical methods
Results
General characteristics of the included studies
Source | Period of surveillance | Location | WHO region | Study design | Number in analysis | Gender | Ethnicity | Reported NCDs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adepoju et al. [71] | 2007–2012 | USA | RA | Retrospective | 376 | Both | Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white | DM |
Ahn et al. [31] | 1993–2002 | South Korea | WPR | Cross-sectional | 1594 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Alavinia and Burdorf [69] | 2004 | 10 EU countries | ER | Cross-sectional | 11,462 | Both | NR | CVD, stroke, DM |
Alexopoulos and Burdorf [54] | 1993–1995 | The Netherlands | ER | Prospective cohort | 326 | Male | NR | COPD |
Anesetti-Rothermel and Sambamoorthi [10] | 2007 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 12,860 | Both | White, Latino, African American, other | COPD, CVD, stroke, DM |
Angeleri et al. [80] | NR | Italy | ER | Prospective study | 180 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Arrossi et al. [23] | 2002–2004 | Argentina | RA | Cross-sectional | 120 | Female | NR | Cervical cancer |
Bains et al. [44] | 2008–2009 | UK | ER | Prospective cohort | 50 | Female | NR | Colon cancer |
Balak et al. [34] | 2001–2007 | The Netherlands | ER | Retrospective cohort | 72 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Bastida and Pagan [81] | 1994–1999 | USA | RA | Population based | 1021 | Both | Mexican Americans | DM |
Black-Schaffer and Osberg [82] | 1984–1986 | USA | RA | Prospective study | 79 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Bogousslavsky and Regli [83] | NR | Switzerland | ER | Prospective study | 41 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Boles et al. [84] | 2001 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 2264 | Both | NR | DM |
Bouknight et al. [37] | 2001–2002 | USA | RA | Prospective study | 416 | Female | White, black | Breast Cancer |
Bradley and Bednarek [85] | 1999 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 184 | Both | Caucasian, African-American, Hispanic, other | Breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer |
Bradley et al. [86] | 1992 | USA | RA | Retrospective study | 5974 | Female | Caucasian, African-American, Hispanic, other | Breast cancer |
Bradley et al. [87] | 1992 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 5728 | Female | Caucasian, African-American, Hispanic, other. | Breast cancer |
Bradley et al. [88] | 2001–2002 | USA | RA | Prospective study | 817 | Female | Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic African American, other | Breast cancer |
Bradley et al. [89] | 2001–2002 | USA | RA | Prospective study | 239 | Female | Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic African American, other | Breast cancer |
Bradley and Dahman [33] | 2007–2011 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 828 | Both | Non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, other | Breast cancer |
Bradley et al. [40] | 2005 | USA | RA | Modelling study | NR | Both | NR | Colon cancer |
Bradshaw et al. [66] | 2000–2000 | South Africa | AR | Modelling | NR | Both | NR | DM |
Broekx et al. [90] | 1997–2004 | Belgium | ER | Cost–of–Illness analysis | 20,439 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Burton et al. [91] | 2002 | USA | RA | Survey | 16,651 | Both | NR | DM |
Carlsen et al. [45] | 2001–2009 | Denmark | ER | Epidemiological | 4343 | Both | NR | Colon cancer |
Carlsen et al. [29] | 2001–2011 | Denmark | ER | Cross-sectional and propective | 14,750 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Catalá-López et al. [13] | 2008 | Spain | ER | Cross-sectional | 37,563,454 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Choi et al. [42] | 2001–2003 | South Korea | WPR | Prospective cohort | 305 | Male | NR | Colon cancer |
Collins et al. [92] | 2002 | USA | RA | Survey | 7797 | Both | NR | DM |
Costilla et al. [22] | 2006 | New Zealand | WPR | Modelling | NR | Both | Maori and non-Maori | Breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer |
Dacosta DiBonaventura et al. [53] | 2009 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 20,024 | Both | Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black/African-American, Hispanic, other | COPD |
Dall et al. [68] | 2007–2007 | USA | RA | Modelling | NR | NR | NR | DM |
Darkow et al. [63] | 2001–2004 | USA | RA | Case–control | 4045 | Both | NR | COPD |
De Backer et al. [93] | 1994–1998 | Belgium | ER | Prospective cohort | 15,740 | Both | NR | DM |
Eaker et al. [94] | 1993–2003 | Sweden | ER | Cross-sectional | 28,566 | Female | NR | Breast Cancer |
Earle et al. [46] | 2003–2005 | USA | RA | Prospective cohort | 2422 | Both | Non-Hispanic white, African American, Hispanics, Asian, mixed race | Lung cancer, colon cancer |
Ekwueme et al. [26] | 1970–2008 | USA | RA | Retrospective cohort | 53,368 | Female | White and Black | Breast cancer |
Etyang et al. [6] | 2007–2012 | Kenya | AR | Prospective surveillance | 18,712 | Both | NR | CVD, Stroke, DM |
Fantoni et al. [38] | 2004–2005 | France | ER | Cross-sectional | 379 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Fernandez de Larrea-Baz et al. [95] | 2000 | Spain | ER | Ecological | 40,376,294 | Both | NR | Breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer |
Ferro and Crespo [96] | 1985–1992 | Portugal | ER | Prospective cohort | 215 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Fu et al. [97] | 2004–2006 | USA | RA | Survey | 46,617 | Both | White, black, Asian, other | DM |
Gabriele and Renate [18] | 2001–2004 | Germany | ER | Prospective cohort | 70 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Genova-Maleras et al. [4] | 2008 | Spain | ER | Modelling | NR | Both | NR | CVD, stroke, COPD, lung cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, DM |
Gordon et al. [47] | 2003–2004 | Australia | WPR | Prospective cohort | 975 | Both | NR | Colon cancer |
Hackett et al. [19] | 2008–2010 | Australia | WPR | Prospective cohort | 441 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Halpern et al. [98] | 2000 | USA | RA | Economical evaluation | 447 | Both | NR | COPD |
Hansen et al. [99] | NR | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 203 | Female | White and non-white | Breast cancer |
Hauglann et al. [30] | 1992–1996 | Norway | ER | National registry cohort | 3096 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Hauglann et al. [49] | 1992–1996 | Norway | ER | Case–control | 1480 | Both | NR | Colon cancer |
Helanterä et al. [65] | 2007 | Finland | ER | Cross-sectional | 2637 | Both | NR | CKD |
Herquelot et al. [100] | 1989–2007 | France | ER | Prospective cohort | 20,625 | Both | NR | DM |
Holden et al. [52] | 2004–2006 | Australia | WPR | Cross-sectional | 78,430 | Both | NR | CVD, COPD, DM |
Hoyer et al. [101] | 2007–2008 | Sweden | ER | Prospective cohort | 651 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Jansson et al. [59] | 1999 | Sweden | ER | Economic evaluation | 212 | Both | NR | COPD |
Kabadi et al. [17] | 2005–2006 | Tanzania | AR | Prospective surveillance study | 16 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Kang et al. [16] | 2008 | South Korea | WPR | Economic Evaluation | Both | NR | Stroke | |
Kappelle et al. [102] | 1977–1992 | USA | RA | Prospective study | 296 | Both | White, other | Stroke |
Katzenellenbogen et al. [14] | 1997–2002 | Western Australia | WPR | Modelling, ecologocial | 68,661 | Both | Indigenous; non-indigenous | Stroke |
Kessler et al. [70] | 1995–1996 | USA | RA | Survey | 2074 | Both | NR | DM |
Klarenbach et al. [64] | 1988–1994 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 5558 | Both | White, black, other | CVD, COPD, DM, CKD |
Kotila et al. [103] | 1978–1980 | Finland | ER | Prospective | 255 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Kremer et al. [55] | 2000–2001 | Australia | ER | Cross-sectional | 826 | Both | NR | COPD |
Kruse et al. [104] | 1980–2003 | Denmark | ER | Cohort | 2212 | Both | NR | CHD |
Lauzier et al. [35] | 2003 | Canada | RA | Prospective cohort | 962 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Lavigne et al. [67] | 1999–1999 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 472 | Both | NR | DM |
Leigh et al. [105] | 1996 | USA | RA | Ecological study | 2,395,650 | Both | NR | COPD |
Leng [106] | 2004–2005 | Singapore | WPR | Retrospective cohort | 29 | NR | NR | Stroke |
Lenneman et al. [107] | 2005–2009 | USA | RA | Survey | 577,186 | Both | White, black, Hispanic, Asian, other | DM |
Lindgren et al. [108] | 1994 | Sweden | ER | Cross-sectional | 393 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Lokke et al. [62] | 1998–2010 | Denmark | ER | Case–control | 262,622 | Both | NR | COPD |
Lokke et al. [61] | 1998–2010 | Denmark | ER | Case–control | 1,269,162 | Both | NR | COPD |
Lopez–Bastida et al. [15] | 2004 | Canary Islands, Spain | ER | Cross-sectional | 448 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Mahmoudlou [39] | 2008 | Iran | EMR | Cross-sectional | 72,992,154 | Both | NR | Colon cancer |
Maunsell et al. [32] | 1999–2000 | Canada | RA | Cross-sectional | 57,307 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Mayfield et al. [109] | 1987 | USA | RA | Survey | 35,000 | Both | (non)African American, (non) Hispanic | DM |
McBurney et al. [110] | 1999–2000 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional survey | 89 | Both | Caucasian or minority/unknown | CVD |
Molina et al. [111] | 2004–2005 | Spain | ER | Cross-sectional | 347 | Both | NR | Breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer |
Molina Villaverde et al. [112] | NR | Spain | ER | Cohort | 96 | Female | NR | Breast Cancer |
Moran et al. [5] | 2000–2029 | China | WPR | Ecological and modelling | 1,270,000,000 | Both | NR | CVD |
Nair et al. [113] | 2000–2007 | USA | RA | Economic evaluation | 853,496 | Both | NR | COPD |
Neau et al. [114] | 1990–1994 | France | ER | Retrospective | 67 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Niemi et al. [115] | 1978–1980 | Finland | ER | Retrospective case-series | 46 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Nishimura and Zaher [58] | 1990–2002 | Japan | WPR | Modelling study | 1,848,000 | Both | NR | COPD |
Noeres et al. [28] | 2002–2010 | Germany | ER | Prospective cohort | 874 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Nowak et al. [60] | 2001 | Germany | ER | Cross-sectional | 814 | Both | NR | COPD |
O’Brien et al. [116] | NR | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 98 | Both | Caucasian and African American | Stroke |
Ohguri et al. [117] | 2000–2005 | Japan | WPR | Cross-sectional | 43 | Both | NR | Lung cancer, colon cancer |
Orbon et al. [56] | 1998–2000 | The Netherlands | ER | Cross-sectional | 2010 | Both | NR | COPD |
Osler et al. [12] | 2001–2009 | Denmark | ER | Cohort | 21,926 | Both | NR | CVD |
Park et al. [48] | 2001–2006 | South Korea | WPR | Cross-sectional | 2538 | Both | NR | Lung cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer |
Park et al. [118] | 2001–2006 | South Korea | WPR | Prospective study | 1602 | Both | NR | Lung cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer |
Peters et al. [119] | NR | Nigeria | AR | Cross-sectional | 110 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Peuckmann et al. [120] | 1989–1999 | Denmark | ER | Cross-sectional | 1316 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Quinn et al. [20] | 1998–2008 | UK | ER | Prospective Cohort | 214 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Robinson et al. [121] | 1985–1989 | UK | ER | Cross-sectional | 2104 | Both | Caucasian, West-Indian, Asian | DM |
Roelen et al. [122] | 2001–2005 | The Netherlands | ER | Ecological | 259 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Roelen et al. [50] | 2004–2006 | The Netherlands | ER | Retrospective cohort | 300,024 | Both | NR | Lung cancer, breast cancer |
Saeki and Toyonaga [123] | 2006–2007 | Japan | WPR | Prospective cohort | 325 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Sasser et al. [8] | 1998–2000 | USA | RA | Economic evaluation | 38,012 | Female | NR | Breast cancer, CVD |
Satariano et al. [27] | 1984–1985 1987–1988 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 1011 | Female | White, black | Breast cancer |
Short et al. [124] | 1997–1999 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 1433 | Both | White, non-white, undetermined | Breast cancer |
Short et al. [11] | 2002 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 6635 | Both | NR | CVD, stroke, COPD, DM |
Sin et al. [125] | 1988–1994 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 12,436 | Both | White, Black, other | COPD |
Sjovall et al. [36] | 2004–2005 | Sweden | ER | Ecological study | 14,984 | Both | NR | Breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer |
Spelten et al. [126] | NR | The Netherlands | ER | Prospective cohort | 235 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Stewart et al. [127] | NR | Canada | RA | Cross-sectional | 378 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Strassels et al. [128] | 1987–1988 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 238 | Both | African American, White, other | COPD |
Syse et al. [51] | 1953–2001 | Norway | ER | Cross-sectional population based | 1,116,300 | Both | NR | Breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer |
Taskila-Brandt et al. [24] | 1987–1988 1992–1993 | Finland | ER | Cross-sectional population based | 5098 | Both | NR | Cervical cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer lung cancer |
Taskila et al. [129] | 1997–2001 | Finland | ER | Cross-sectional | 394 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Teasell et al. [130] | 1986–1996 | Canada | RA | Retrospective cohort | 563 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Tevaarwerk et al. [43] | 2006–2008 | USA and Peru | RA | Cross-sectional | 530 | Both | Non-Hispanic whites and whites | Breast cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer |
Timperi et al. [131] | 2006–2011 | USA | RA | Prospective cohort | 2013 | Female | Whites, Blacks, Hispanic, Asian, other | Breast Cancer |
Torp et al. [25] | 1999–2004 | Norway | ER | Prospective Registry | 9646 | Both | NR | Cervical cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer |
Traebert et al. [21] | 2008 | Brazil | RA | Modelling, ecological | NR | Both | NR | Cervical cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer |
van Boven et al. [57] | 2009 | The Netherlands | ER | Economic evaluation | 45,137 | Both | NR | COPD |
Van der Wouden et al. [132] | 1978–1980 | The Netherlands | ER | Cross-sectional | 313 | Female | NR | Breast cancer |
Vestling et al. [133] | NR | Sweden | ER | Retrospective study | 120 | Both | NR | Stroke |
Wang et al. [134] | NR | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 199 | Both | NR | CVD, COPD, diabetes |
Ward et al. [135] | 1993–1994 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 2529 | Both | Mixed ethnicities | COPD |
Wozniak et al. [136] | NR | USA | RA | Retrospective study | 203 | Both | Whites, blacks and other | Stroke |
Yaldo et al. [41] | 2006–2009 | USA | RA | Case–control | 330 | Both | NR | Colon Cancer |
Yabroff et al. [137] | 2000 | USA | RA | Cross-sectional | 496 | Both | Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, other | Breast cancer, colon cancer |
Zhao and Winget [7] | 2003–2006 | USA | RA | Retrospective cohort | 10,487 | Both | NR | CVD (CHD) |
Zheng et al. [9] | 2004 | Australia | WPR | Economic evaluation | NR | Both | NR | CVD (CHD) |
Measures of productivity
Impact of cardiovascular disease on productivity
Study | Type of outcome | Outcome specified as | Assessment type | Point estimate | SD for mean | 95 % CI | Quality score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a
| |||||||
Alavinia and Burdorf [69] | Unemployment | Non-participation in the labor force | OR | NR | 0.66–1.40 | 4 | |
Anesetti-Rothermel and Sambamoorthi [10] | Sick leave | Work days in last year lost due to illness | Mean | 4.700 | 7.89 (SE) | NR | 6 |
Etyang et al. [6] | DALYs | Rate per 100,000 person year of observation | Rate | 68 | NR | NR | 5 |
Genova-Maleras et al. [4] | DALYs | Rate per 1000 age standardised | Rate | 4.7 | NR | NR | NA |
Percentage of all causes of mortality | Percent | 4.2 | NR | NR | |||
Holden et al. [52] | Productivity Loss | Absenteeism (no. days or part days missed from work in last 4 weeks) | IRR | 1.17 | NR | 1.03–1.32 | 3 |
Presenteeism (self-rated score of overall performance over last 4 weeks) | IRR | 1.65 | NR | 1.22–2.21 | |||
Klarenbach et al. [64] | Unemployment | Non-participation in labor force | OR | 1.27 | NR | 0.45–3.53 | 6 |
Kruse et al. [104] | Labor market participation | Labor market withdrawal a year after the disease debut (controls 7 %) | Percent | 21 | NR | NR | 6 |
Risk of labor market withdrawal | HR | 1.32 | NR | 1.11–1.57 | |||
McBurney et al. [110] | Return to work | Return to work at a mean of 7.5 months | Percent | 76.4 | NR | NR | 4 |
Presenteeism | Perceived work performance | Mean | 3.6 | 0.52 | NR | ||
Moran et al. [5] | DALYs | Observed period 2000 | Count | 80,420,00 | NR | NR | NA |
Observed period 2000 | Rate | 16.1 | NR | NR | |||
Predicted 2010 | Count | 107,300,00 | NR | NR | |||
Predicted 2010 | Rate | 16.5 | NR | NR | |||
Predicted 2020 | Count | 134,220,00 | NR | NR | |||
Predicted 2020 | Rate | 18.2 | NR | NR | |||
Predicted 2030 | Count | 16356000 | NR | NR | |||
Predicted 2030 | Rate | 20.4 | NR | NR | |||
Osler et al. [12] | Labor market participation | Workforce participation 30 days after diagnosis (among patients who were part of the workforce at time of diagnosis) | Percent | 37.2 | NR | NR | 5 |
Workforce participation 1 year after diagnosis (among patients who were part of the workforce at time of diagnosis) | Percent | 40.1 | NR | NR | |||
Workforce participation 2 years after diagnosis (among patients who were part of the workforce at time of diagnosis) | Percent | 45.0 | NR | NR | |||
Workforce participation 5 years after diagnosis (among patients who were part of the workforce at time of diagnosis) | Percent | 65.2 | NR | NR | |||
Sasser et al. [8] | Productivity loss costs | Attributable annual indirect work-loss costs per patient | USD | 2698 | NR | NR | 8 |
Short et al. [124] | Unemployment | Limited amount of paid work possible due to illness female | OR | 2.91 | NR | 2.34–3.61 | 5 |
Limited amount of paid work possible due to illness male | OR | 2.34 | 1.84–2.98 | ||||
Wang et al. [134] | Absenteeism | Annual excess in days | Mean | 8.8 | 7.0 (SE) | NR | 4 |
Presenteeism | Annual excess in days | Mean | 8.9 | 11.8 (SE) | NR | ||
Absenteeism and presenteeism combined | Annual excess in days | Mean | 16.3 | 12.7 (SE) | NR | ||
Zhao and Winget [7] | Productivity loss costs | Short term 1 year productivity costs/per person | USD | 8539 | NR | NR | 6 |
Absenteeism 1 year productivity costs/per person | USD | 10175 | NR | NR | |||
Zheng et al. [9] | Productivity loss costs | Absenteeism related total | USD | 568,500,000 | NR | NR | NA |
Mortality related | USD | 235,650,00 | NR | NR | |||
Due to lower employment | USD | 750,000,000 | NR | NR | |||
b
| |||||||
Alavinia and Burdorf [69] | Unemployment | Non participation in the labour force | OR | 1.110 | NR | 0.530–2.320 | 4 |
Anesetti-Rothermel and Sambamoorthi [10] | Sick leave | Work days in last year lost due to illness | Mean | 17.960 | 5.83 (SE) | – | 6 |
Angeleri et al. [80] | Return to work | Return to work 12–196 months (mean 37.5) in hemiplegic patients | Percent | 20.64 | NR | NR | 6 |
Black-Schaffer and Osberg [82] | Return to work | Return to work at 6–25 months post-rehabilitation | Percent | 49 | NR | NR | 3 |
Time return to work in months from rehabilitation | Mean | 3.1 | 2.12 | NR | |||
Return to prior job at 6–25 months post-rehabilitation | Percent | 43 | NR | NR | |||
Bogousslavsky and Regli [83] | Return to work | Return to work 6–96 months (mean 46) | Count | 19 | NR | NR | 3 |
Catalá-López et al. [13] | DALYs | Total | Count | 418,052 | NR | NR | 4 |
Male | Count | 220,005 | NR | NR | |||
Female | Count | 198,046 | NR | NR | |||
Etyang et al. [6] | DALYs | Rate per 100,000 person year of observation | Rate | 166 | NR | NR | 5 |
Ferro and Crespo [96] | Unemployment | Inactive at end of follow-up (mean 33.4 months, range 1–228 months) | Percent | 27 | NR | NR | 4 |
Gabriele and Renate [18] | Return to Work | Return to work after 1 year of those employed | Percent | 26.7 | NR | NR | 4 |
Genova-Maleras et al. [4] | DALYs | Rate per 1000 age standardised | Rate | 3.8 | NR | NR | NA |
Percentage of all causes of mortality | Percent | 3.5 | NR | NR | |||
Hackett et al. [19] | Return to work | Return to work 1 year after event | Percent | 75 | NR | NR | 2 |
Kabadi et al. [17] | Return to work | Average months off work in 6 month follow up period | Mean | 6 | NR | NR | 4 |
Costs | Mean productivity losses due to stroke | USD | 213 | NR | NR | ||
Kang et al. [16] | Productivity loss costs | Male, total modelled costs per severe stroke per year | USD | 537,724 | NR | NR | NA |
Female, total modelled costs per severe stroke per year | USD | 171,157 | NR | NR | |||
Kappelle et al. [102] | Unemployment | Unemployment at 0.02–16 years after event (mean 6 years) | Percent | 58 | NR | NR | 5 |
Katzenellenbogen et al. [14] | DALYs | Male | Count | 26,315 | NR | NR | NA |
Female | Count | 30,918 | NR | NR | |||
Male, rate per 10,000 people, age standardized—indigenous | Rate | 2027 | NR | 1909–2145 | |||
Female, rate per 10,000 people, age standardized—indigenous | Rate | 1598 | NR | 1499–1697 | |||
Male, rate per 10,000 people, age standardized—non-indigenous | Rate | 640 | NR | 633–648 | |||
Female, Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized—non-indigenous | Rate | 573 | NR | 567–580 | |||
Klarenbach et al. [64] | Unemployment | Non-participation in labour force | OR | 2.21 | NR | (0.7–7) | 6 |
Kotila et al. [103] | Return to work | Return to work after 12 months | Percent | 59 | NR | NR | 4 |
Leng [106] | Return to work | Return to work in 1 year | Percent | 55.0 | NR | NR | NA |
Lindgren et al. [108] | Productivity loss costs | Indirect costs during one ear | USD | 17,844 | NR | 12,275–23,864 | 4 |
Lopez-Bastida et al. [15] | Productivity loss costs | Indirect per person, 1 year after stroke | USD | 2696 | 6462 | NR | 5 |
Indirect per person, 2 year after stroke | USD | 1393 | 4754 | NR | |||
Indirect per person, 3 year after stroke | USD | 1362 | 4931 | NR | |||
Caregivers cost per person per year, 1 year after stroke | USD | 14,732 | 14,616 | NR | |||
Caregivers cost per person per year, 2 year after stroke | USD | 15,621 | 14,693 | NR | |||
Caregivers cost per person per year, 3 year after stroke | USD | 13,759 | 15,470 | NR | |||
Neau et al. [114] | Return to work | Return to work in same position as prior to stroke | Percent | 54 | NR | NR | 3 |
Return to work after 0–40 month (mean 7.8) | Percent | 73 | NR | NR | 6 | ||
Niemi et al. [115] | Return to work | Return to work after 4 years | Percent | 54 | NR | NR | |
O’Brien et al. [116] | Return to work | Return after 6–18 months | Percent | 56.0 | NR | NR | 1 |
Peters et al. [119] | Return to work | Return to work after 3–104 months (mean 19.5) | Percent | 55 | NR | NR | 3 |
Quinn et al. [20] | Return to Work | unemployment at 1 year follow up | Percent | 47 | NR | NR | 3 |
Roelen et al. [122] | Return to Work | Return to work after 3–104 months (mean 19.5) | Percent | 55.0 | NR | NR | 6 |
Saeki and Toyonaga [123] | Return to Work | Return to work at 18 months | Percent | 55.0 | NR | NR | 6 |
Short et al. [124] | Unemployment | Limited amount of paid work possible due to illness female | OR | 2.26 | NR | 1.56–2.26 | 5 |
Limited amount of paid work possible due to illness male | OR | 3.86 | NR | 2.55–3.60 | |||
Teasell et al. [130] | Return to work | Return to work at 3 months | Percent | 20 | NR | NR | 3 |
Return to work full-time at 3 months | Percent | 6 | NR | NR | |||
Vestling et al. [133] | Return to work | Return to work mean of 2.7 years | Percent | 41 | NR | NR | 3 |
Time to return to work in months | Mean | 11.9 | 9 | NR | |||
Return to work with reduced work hours | Percent | 21 | NR | NR | |||
Wozniak et al. [136] | Return to work | Return to work after 1 year | Percent | 53 | NR | NR | 6 |
Return to work after 2 year | Percent | 44 | NR | NR | |||
c
| |||||||
Arrossi et al. [23] | Return to work | Reduced in hours worked (patients) | Percent | 45 | NR | NR | 4 |
Change of work (pat.) | Percent | 5 | NR | NR | |||
Starting paid work (pat.) | Percent | 14 | NR | NR | |||
Increased in hours worked (pat.) | Percent | 11 | NR | NR | |||
Odds of work interruption (pat.) | OR | 4 | NR | NR | |||
Odds of reduction in hours worked (pat.) | OR | 1 | NR | NR | |||
Odds of starting paid work (pat.) | OR | 2 | NR | NR | |||
Odds of increase in hours worked (pat.) | OR | 1 | NR | NR | |||
Work interruption (caregivers) | Percent | 3 | NR | NR | |||
Reduction in hours worked (caregivers) | Percent | 61 | NR | NR | |||
Change of work (caregivers) | Percent | 2 | NR | NR | |||
Starting paid work (caregivers) | Percent | 5 | NR | NR | |||
Increased in hours worked (caregivers) | Percent | 24 | NR | NR | |||
Work interruption (patients) | Percent | 28 | NR | NR | |||
Costilla et al. [22] | DALYs | Female | Count | 1016 | NR | NR | NA |
Percentage of all cancers, female | Percent | 1.6 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people (age standardized) | Rate | 84 | NR | NR | |||
Park et al. [48] | Labour market participation | Time until job loss between patients and controls Cox PH | HR | 1.32 | NR | 0.95–1.82 | 7 |
Park et al. [118] | Labour market participation | Time until job loss between patients and controls Cox PH | HR | 1.68 | NR | 1.40–2.01 | 5 |
Time until re-employment between patients and controls Cox PH | HR | 0.67 | NR | 0.46–0.97 | |||
Taskila-Brandt et al. [24] | Labor market participation | Employment status cancer survivors 2–3 years post-diagnosis compared to general population (58 vs. 75 %) | RR | 0.77 | NR | 0.67–0.90 | 6 |
Traebert et al. [21] | Labor market participation | Employment in 5 years from diagnosis | OR | 0.92 | NR | 0.63–1.34 | 9 |
Traebert et al. [21] | DALY | Rate per 10,000 people (age standardized) | Rate | 118.7 | NR | NR | NA |
Percentage of all cancers (in females) | Percent | 13.4 | NR | NR | |||
Total | Count | 2516.1 | NR | NR | |||
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Ahn et al. [31] | Labour market drop-out | Not working current for cancer survivors versus the general population (adjusted) | OR | 1.680 | 1.350 | 2.100 | 3 |
OR of not working for cancer survivors of currently not working compared with their employment status at the time of diagnosis | OR | 1.630 | 1.510 | 1.760 | |||
Unemployment | Adjusted OR for not working at the time of diagnosis versus the general population | OR | 1.210 | 0.960 | 1.530 | ||
Balak et al. [34] | Sick leave | Months to fully return to work | Mean | 11.4 | NR | NR | 3 |
Months to return to partial work | Mean | 9.5 | NR | NR | |||
Bouknight et al. [37] | Return to work | Return to work in 12 months after diagnosis | Percent | 82 | NR | NR | 5 |
Return to work in 18 months after diagnosis | Percent | 83 | NR | NR | |||
Bradley and Bednarek [85] | Unemployment | Unemployed 5–7 years after diagnosis for cancer survivors | Percent | 54.8 | NR | NR | 5 |
Unemployed 5–7 years after diagnosis for cancer survivors | Percent | 45.4 | NR | NR | |||
Bradley et al. [86] | Labor market participation | Probability of working of breast cancer patients compared to controls at mean of 7 years | Percent | −7 | 4 | NR | 8 |
Bradley et al. [87] | Labor market participation | Probability of working of breast cancer patients compared to controls at mean of 7.15 years | Percent | −10 | 4 | NR | 5 |
Bradley et al. [89] | Employment | Probability of being employed for patients compared to controls at 6 months | Percent | −25 | NR | NR | 7 |
Reduced weekly hours of work for patients compared to controls after 6 months | Percent | −18 | NR | NR | |||
Bradley et al. [40] | Absenteeism | Days absent from work evaluated at 6 months after diagnosis | Mean | 44.5 | 55.2 | NR | 7 |
Bradley and Dahman [33] | Labor market participation | Probability of stopping work at 2 months post diagnosis (husbands of female patients) | OR | 2.642 | NR | 0.848–8.225 | 5 |
Labor market participation | Probability of stopping work at 9 months post diagnosis (husbands of female patients) | OR | 0.843 | NR | 0.342–2.198 | ||
Productivity | Odds of decrease in weekly hours at 2 months post diagnosis (husbands of female patients) | OR | 1.449 | 0.957–2.192 | |||
Productivity | Odds of decrease in weekly hours at 9 months post diagnosis (husbands of female patients) | OR | 1.057 | 0.69–1.62 | |||
Productivity | Change in weekly hours at 2 months post diagnosis (husbands of female patients) (hours) | Count | −0.007 | (0.885) SE | NR | ||
Productivity | Change in weekly hours at 9 months post diagnosis (husbands of female patients) (hours) | Count | 1.814 | (1.261) SE | NR | ||
Broekx et al. [90] | Productivity | Indirect costs work per patient per year (attributable) | USD | 5248 | NR | NR | 3 |
Indirect costs housekeeping per patient per year (attributable) | USD | 2034 | NR | NR | |||
Indirect costs mortality per patient per year (attributable) | USD | 14,203 | NR | NR | |||
Sick leave days per year | USD | 47.2 | NR | NR | |||
Total indirect costs per patient per year (attributable) | USD | 21,485 | NR | NR | |||
Carlsen et al. [45] | Unemployment | % of working women 2 years after treatment | Percent | 72 | NR | NR | 5 |
Costilla et al. [22] | DALYs | DALYs % of all cancers | Percent | 27.2 | NR | NR | NA |
Rate per 10,000 people (age standardized) | Rate | 1065 | NR | NR | |||
DALYs | Count | 17,840 | NR | NR | |||
Eaker et al. [94] | Sick leave | Percentage difference of sickness absence comparing patients 5 years after diagnosis with women without breast cancer | Percent | 10.100 | NR | NR | 7 |
Percentage difference of sickness absence comparing patients 3 years after diagnosis with women without breast cancer | Percent | 11.100 | NR | NR | |||
Ekwueme et al. [26] | Productivity loss | Mortality-related total lifetime productivity loss (whites) | USD | 3,920,400,000 | NR | NR | 4 |
Mortality-related total lifetime productivity loss (blacks) | USD | 1323200000 | NR | NR | |||
Mortality-related total lifetime productivity loss/per death (all) | USD | 1,100,000 | NR | NR | |||
Mortality-related total lifetime productivity loss/per death (whites) | USD | 1,090,000 | NR | NR | |||
Mortality-related total lifetime productivity loss/per death (blacks) | USD | 1,110,000 | NR | NR | |||
Mortality-related total lifetime productivity loss (all) | USD | 5,488,600,000 | NR | NR | |||
Fantoni et al. [38] | Return to work | Return to work 12 months after starting treatment | Percent | 54.3 | NR | NR | 5 |
Return to work after 3 years after starting treatment | Percent | 82.1 | NR | NR | |||
Sick leave | Duration of sick leave 36 months after starting treatment in months | Mean | 1.8 | NR | 9.2–12.1 | ||
Fernandez de Larrea-Baz N et al. [95] | DALYs | Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, male | Rate | 2 | NR | NR | 4 |
Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, total | Count | 77,382 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, female | Rate | 374 | NR | NR | |||
Genova-Maleras et al. [4] | DALYs | Rate per 1,000 people, age standardized | Rate | 1.6 | NR | NR | NA |
Percentage of all causes of mortality | Percent | 1.4 | NR | NR | |||
Hansen et al. [99] | Presenteeism | Average score difference on work limitation scale between cases and non-cancer controls | Mean | 2.9 | NR | NR | 5 |
Hauglann et al. [30] | Unemployment | Unemployment at 9 years in females | Percent | 18 | NR | NR | 9 |
Hoyer et al. [101] | Unemployment | Unemployment at follow up | Percent | 26 | NR | NR | 4 |
Lauzier et al. [35] | Sick leave | Percent taking sick leave for 1 week or more | Percent | 90.7 | NR | NR | 6 |
Weeks of absence due to breast cancer | Count | 32.3 | NR | NR | |||
Maunsell et al. [32] | Unemployment | Unemployment among disease free survivors | Risk ratio | 1.35 | NR | 1.08–1.7 | 7 |
Unemployment | Unemployment among survivors with new breast cancer event | Risk ratio | 2.24 | NR | 1.57–3.18 | ||
Unemployment | Unemployment among all survivors (3 years after diagnosis) | Risk ratios | 1.46 | NR | 1.18–1.81 | ||
Productivity loss | Survivors reporting part-time working compared to controls (3 years after diagnosis) | Percent | 4 | NR | NR | ||
Productivity loss | Change in working hours among survivors–change over time compared to controls (3 years after diagnosis) | Mean | −2.6 | NR | NR | ||
Molina et al. [111] | Return to work | Return to work at mean time since diagnosis(32.5 months) | Percent | 56 | NR | NR | 5 |
Molina Villaverde et al. [112] | Return to work | Return to work by end of treatment | Percent | 56 | NR | NR | NA |
Noeres et al. [28] | Unemployment | 6 years after diagnosis | Percent | 43.2 | NR | NR | 5 |
1 year after diagnosis | Percent | 49.8 | NR | NR | |||
Park et al. [48] | Labour market participation | Time until job loss (months) | Mean | 36 | NR | 7 | |
Time until 25 % of patients were re-employment (months) | Mean | 30 | NR | ||||
Park et al. [118] | Labour market participation | Cox proportional analysis comparing time until job loss between patients and controls | HR | 1.83 | NR | 1.60–2.10 | 5 |
Cox proportional analysis comparing time until re-employment between patients and controls | HR | 0.61 | NR | 0.46–0.82 | |||
Peuckmann et al. [120] | Labor market participation | Age-standardized prevalence of employment at 5–15 years post primary surgery | Percent | 49 | NR | NR | 4 |
Age standardized risk ratio (SRR) of employment at 5–15 years post primary surgery | SRR | 1.02 | NR | 0.95–1.10 | |||
Age-standardized prevalence of sick leave at 5–15 years post primary surgery | Percent | 12 | NR | NR | |||
Age standardized risk ratio (SRR) of sick leave at 5–15 years post primary surgery | SRR | 1.28 | NR | 0.88–1.85 | |||
Roelen et al. [50] | Return to work | Time to return to full-time work (days) | Count | 349.0 | NR | 329–369 | 6 |
Time to return to part-time work (days) | Count | 271.0 | NR | 246–296 | |||
Roelen et al. [112] | Return to work | Return to work at 2 years | Percent | 89.4 | NR | NR | 4 |
Sick leave | Days of absence due to breast cancer | Count | 349 | NR | NR | ||
Sasser et al. [8] | Productivity loss costs | Attributable annual indirect work-loss costs per female patient | USD | 5944.0 | NR | NR | 8 |
Satariano et al. [27] | Return to work | 3 months after diagnosis (white women) | Percent | 74.2 | NR | NR | 3 |
Return to work | 3 months after diagnosis (black women) | Percent | 59.6 | NR | NR | ||
Sick leave | 3 months after diagnosis (white women) | Percent | 25.8 | NR | NR | ||
Sick leave | 3 months after diagnosis (black women) | Percent | 40.4 | NR | NR | ||
Short et al. [124] | Unemployment | The chances of quitting work/unemployment 1–5 years after diagnosis | OR | 0.44 | NR | 0.20–0.95 | 5 |
Sjovall et al. [36] | Sick leave | Days sick leave taken before return to work | Count | 90 | NR | NR | 5 |
Spelten et al. [126] | Return to work | Time to return to work after diagnosis analyzed using Cox PH | HR | 0.45 | NR | 0.24–0.86 | 4 |
Stewart et al. [127] | Unemployment | Unemployment assessed at least at 2 years after diagnosis, mean of 9 years | Percent | 41 | NR | NR | 3 |
Syse et al. [51] | Labor market participation | Employment probability in the year 2001 of cancer survivors compared to general population | OR | 0.74 | NR | 0.65–0.84 | 6 |
Taskila-Brandt et al. [24] | Labor market participation | Employment status of cancer survivors 2–3 years post-diagnosis compared to general population (61 vs. 65 %) | RR | 0.95 | NR | 0.92–0.98 | 6 |
Taskila et al. [129] | Work ability | Current work ability assessed between 0 and 10 by questionnaire (reference group 8.37) | Mean | 8.23 | NR | NR | 8 |
Tevaarwerk et al. [43] | Unemployment | Unemployment | Percent | 19.4 | NR | NR | 6 |
Timperi et al. [131] | Unemployment | 6 months post diagnosis | Percent | 52.0 | NR | NR | 4 |
Torp et al. [25] | Labor market participation | Employment 5 years from diagnosis | OR | 0.74 | NR | 0.63–0.87 | 9 |
Traebert et al. [21] | DALYs | Percentage of all cancers, female | Percent | 21.9 | NR | NR | NA |
Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, male | Rate | 3.2 | NR | NR | |||
Percentage of all cancers, male | Percent | 0.3 | NR | NR | |||
Total | Count | 6032.3 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, female | Rate | 195 | NR | NR | |||
Van der Wouden et al. [132] | Labor market participation | Changes in employment status at least 5 years cancer free | Percent | −7 | NR | NR | 3 |
Maintained employment status after diagnosis | Percent | 16 | NR | NR | |||
Yabroff et al. [137] | Labor market participation | Job in past 12 months, compared to control group (45.9 % with a p value <0.001 for difference) | Percent | 36.9 | NR | 31.0–42.8 | 6 |
Sick leave | Days lost from wok due to health problems in past 12 months compared to control group (5.7 % with a p value <0.001 for difference) | Mean | 21.0 | NR | 28.4–58.3 | ||
Presenteeism | Limited in work due to health issues compared to control group (17.6 % with a p value of <0.001 for difference) | Percent | 22.5 | NR | 17.4–27.6 | ||
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Bains et al. [44] | Unemployment | 6 months after surgery | Percent | 61 | NR | NR | 2 |
Bradley et al. [40] | Productivity loss | Annual productivity losses total 2020 modelled (millions) | USD | 21,780 | NR | NR | NA |
Annual productivity losses total 2005 (millions) | USD | 20,920 | NR | NR | |||
Bradley and Bednarek [85] | Unemployment | Unemployed 5–7 years after diagnosis cancer survivors | Percent | 54.8 | NR | NR | 5 |
Unemployed 5–7 years after diagnosis spouse of cancer survivors | Percent | 53 | NR | NR | |||
Carlsen et al. [29] | Return to Work | Return to work after 1 year after diagnosis | Percent | 69 | NR | NR | 8 |
Choi et al. [42] | Unemployment | Lost job at 24 months in males | Percent | 46 | NR | NR | 7 |
Costilla et al. [22] | DALYs | Female | Count | 8431 | NR | NR | NA |
% of all cancers (Female) | Percent | 12.9 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people (age standardised, Female) | Rate | 333 | NR | NR | |||
Male | Count | 8316 | NR | NR | |||
% of all cancers (Male) | Percent | 13.5 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people (age standardised, Male) | Rate | 414 | NR | NR | |||
Earle et al. [46] | Unemployment | Unemployment at 15 months | Percent | 65 | NR | NR | 4 |
Fernandez de Larrea-Baz N et al. [95] | DALYs | Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, female | Rate | 212 | NR | NR | 4 |
Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, male | Rate | 284 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, total | Count | 99,833 | NR | NR | |||
Genova-Maleras et al. [4] | DALYs | Rate per 1000 people, age standardized | Rate | 2.3 | NR | NR | NA |
Percentage of all causes of mortality | Percent | 2.1 | NR | NR | |||
Gordon et al. [47] | Return to work | Working 1 year after diagnosis (%) | Percent | 65 | NR | NR | 5 |
Hauglann et al. [49] | Return to work | % of employed that were on sick-leave at some point after 1 year of diagnosis | Percent | 85 | 9 | ||
Sickness absence for CRC localized, the OR is for 3 years after diagnosis | Odds Ratio | 2.61 | 1.36 | 4.95 | |||
Sickness absence for CRC regional, the OR is for 3 years after diagnosis | Odds Ratio | 1.09 | 0.56 | 2.11 | |||
Sickness absence for CRC distant, the OR is for 3 years after diagnosis | Odds Ratio | 2.30 | 0.57 | 0.927 | |||
Mahmoudlou [39] | DALYs | Total burden of colorectal cancer according to DALY in Iran in 2008 | Count | 52,534 | NR | NR | 8 |
DALYs for men in 2008 | Count | 29,928 | NR | NR | |||
DALYs for women in 2008 | Count | 22,606 | NR | NR | |||
Molina et al. [111] | Return to work | Return to work at mean time since diagnosis(32.5 months) | Percent | 55 | NR | NR | 5 |
Ohguri et al. [117] | Sick leave | Attendance rate after return to work of employees with disease compared to controls (p value 0.67) | Percent | 86 | NR | NR | 4 |
Park et al. [48] | Return to work | Time until re-employment (patients after job loss) Cox PH analysis | HR | 0.96 | NR | 0.7–1.32 | 7 |
Unemployment | Cox PH analysis time until job loss | HR | 1.04 | NR | 0.91–1.2 | ||
Park et al. [118] | Labour market participation | Cox PH analysis comparing time until job loss between patients and controls | HR | 1.69 | NR | 1.50–1.90 | 5 |
Cox PH analysis comparing time until re-employment between patients and controls | HR | 0.57 | NR | 0.43–0.75 | |||
Sjovall et al. [36] | Sick leave | Days sick leave | Count | 115 | NR | NR | 5 |
Syse et al. [51] | Employment | Employment probability in year 2001 of cancer survivors compared to general population–men | OR | 0.67 | NR | 0.58–0.78 | 6 |
Employment probability in year 2001 of cancer survivors compared to general population–women | OR | 0.74 | NR | 0.65–0.84 | |||
Taskila-Brandt et al. [24] | Labor market participation | Employment status of cancer survivors 2–3 years post-diagnosis compared to general population (53 vs. 59 %) | RR | 0.90 | NR | 0.81–0.99 | 6 |
Tevaarwerk et al. [43] | Unemployment | Unemployment | Percent | 24.1 | NR | NR | 6 |
Torp et al. [25] | Labour market participation | Employment in 5 years from diagnosis (females) | OR | 0.84 | NR | 0.53–1.35 | 9 |
Employment in 5 years from diagnosis (male) | OR | 0.7 | NR | 0.43–1.15 | |||
Traebert et al. [21] | DALYs | Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, female | Rate | 82.6 | NR | NR | NA |
Percentage of all cancers, female | Percent | 9.3 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, male | Rate | 73.1 | NR | NR | |||
Percentage of all cancers, male | Percent | 7.5 | NR | NR | |||
Total | Count | 4867.2 | NR | NR | |||
Yabroff et al. [137] | Labor market participation | Job in past 12 months, compared to control group (45.9 % with a p value <0.001 for difference) | Percent | 22.4 | NR | 15.6–29.3 | 6 |
Sick leave | Days lost from wok due to health problems in past 12 months compared to control group (5.7 % with a p value <0.001 for difference) | Mean | 10.0 | NR | 3.4–16.7 | ||
Presenteeism | Limited in work due to health issues compared to control group (17.6 % with a p value of <0.001 for difference) | Percent | 32.4 | NR | 24.2–40.6 | ||
Yaldo et al. [41] | Absenteeism | Mean higher absenteeism costs after 1 year of diagnosis compared to controls | USD | 4245 | NR | NR | 7 |
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Bradley and Bednarek [85] | Unemployment | Unemployed 5–7 years after diagnosis cancer survivor | Percent | 62.2 | NR | NR | 5 |
Unemployed 5–7 years after diagnosis spouse of cancer survivor | 51.3 | NR | NR | ||||
Costilla et al. [22] | DALYs | Female | Count | 9334 | NR | NR | NA |
% of all cancers (female) | Percent | 14.3 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people (age standardised, female) | Rate | 849 | NR | NR | |||
Male | Count | 9806 | NR | NR | |||
% of all cancers (male) | Percent | 15.9 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people (age standardised, male) | Rate | 775 | NR | NR | |||
Earle et al. [46] | Unemployment | Unemployment at 15 months | Percent | 79 | NR | NR | 4 |
Fernandez de Larrea-Baz N et al. [95] | DALYs | Rate per 10,000 people (age standardised, female) | Rate | 98 | NR | NR | 4 |
Rate per 10,000 people (age standardised, male) | Rate | 736 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people (age standardised, all) | Count | 165,611 | NR | NR | |||
Genova-Maleras et al. [4] | DALYs | Percentage of all causes of mortality | Percent | 3.4 | NR | NR | NA |
Rate per 1000 people, age standardized | Rate | 3.8 | NR | NR | |||
Molina et al. [111] | Return to work | Return to work at mean time since diagnosis(32.5 months) | Percent | 15 | NR | NR | 5 |
Ohguri et al. [117] | Sick leave | Attendance rate after return to work of employees with disease compared to controls (p value 0.59) | Percent | 75 | NR | NR | 4 |
Park et al. [48] | Labour market participation | Time until job loss | Cox PH | 1.31 | NR | 1.12–1.53 | 7 |
Time until re-employment (patients after job loss) | Cox PH | 0.79 | NR | 0.55–1.16 | |||
Park et al. [118] | Labour market participation | Cox proportional analysis comparing time until job loss between patients and controls | HR | 2.22 | NR | 1.93–2.65 | 5 |
Cox proportional analysis comparing time until re-employment between patients and controls | HR | 0.45 | NR | 0.32–0.64 | |||
Roelen et al. [122] | Return to work | Time to return to full-time work (days) | Count | 484.0 | NR | 307–447 | 6 |
Time to return to part-time work (days) | Count | 377.0 | NR | 351–617 | |||
Syse et al. [51] | Employment | Employment probability in year 2001 of cancer survivors compared to general population–men | OR | 0.37 | NR | 0.31–0.45 | 6 |
Employment probability in year 2001 of cancer survivors compared to general population–women | OR | 0.58 | NR | 0.48–0.71 | |||
Sjovall et al. [36] | Sick leave | Days | Count | 275 | NR | NR | 5 |
Taskila-Brandt et al. [24] | Labor market participation | Employment status of cancer survivors 2–3 years post-diagnosis compared to general population (19 vs. 43 %) | RR | 0.45 | NR | 0.34–0.59 | 6 |
Tevaarwerk et al. [43] | Unemployment | Unemployment | Percent | 33 | NR | 6 | |
Torp et al. [25] | Unemployment | Employment in 5 years from diagnosis (male) | OR | 0.39 | NR | 0.18–0.83 | 9 |
Employment in 5 years from diagnosis (female) | OR | 0.39 | NR | 0.19–0.81 | |||
Traebert et al. [21] | DALYs | Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, female | Rate | 87.6 | NR | NR | NA |
Percentage of all cancers, female | Percent | 9.8 | NR | NR | |||
Rate per 10,000 people, age standardized, male | Rate | 239.9 | NR | NR | |||
Percentage of all cancers, male | Percent | 24.5 | NR | NR | |||
Total | Count | 10,832.2 | NR | NR | |||
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Alexopoulos and Burdorf [54] | Sick leave | Days of sick leave during 2 year follow up attributable to COPD | Mean | 8.53 | NR | NR | 2 |
Anesetti-Rothermel and Sambamoorthi [10] | Sick Leave | Work days in last year lost due to illness | Mean | 8.600 | 0.76 (SE) | NR | 6 |
Dacosta DiBonaventura et al. [53] | Productivity loss | Percentage reporting absenteeism (difference between cases of COPD and controls) | Percent | 4.190 | NR | NR | 7 |
Absenteeism hours (over last 7 days) (difference between COPD cases and controls) | Mean | 1.250 | NR | NR | |||
Percentage reporting presenteeism (difference between cases of COPD and controls) | Percent | 16.550 | NR | NR | |||
Estimated number of hours of presenteeism in last 7 days (difference between COPD cases and controls) | Mean | 4.780 | NR | NR | |||
Percentage of those reporting work impairment (difference between cases of COPDand controls) | Percent | 17.280 | NR | NR | |||
Percentage reporting absenteeism (difference between cases of COPD and controls) | Percent | 2.330 | NR | NR | |||
Absenteeism hours (over last 7 days) (difference between cases of COPD and controls) | Mean | 0.330 | NR | NR | |||
Percentage reporting presenteeism (difference between cases of COPD and controls) | Percent | 10.230 | NR | NR | |||
Estimated number of hours of presenteeism in last 7 days (difference between cases of COPD and controls) | Mean | 2.070 | NR | NR | |||
Percentage of those reporting work impairment (difference between cases of COPD and controls) | Percent | 11.530 | NR | NR | |||
Darkow et al. [63] | Productivity loss | Indirect per person per year | USD | 9815 | NR | 8384–11246 | 6 |
Genova-Maleras et al. [4] | DALYs | Rate per 1000 age standardised | Rate | 2.6 | NR | NR | 2 |
Percentage of all causes of mortality | Percent | 2.3 | NR | NR | |||
Halpern et al. [98] | Productivity loss | Costs due to work loss up from 45 years up to age of retirement per patient per day | USD | 100.55 | NR | NR | 6 |
Days lost per patient of working age per year | Mean | 18.7 | NR | NR | |||
Days lost per caregiver of working age per year | Mean | 1.7 | NR | NR | |||
Unemployment | Unemployment due to condition | Percent | 34 | NR | NR | ||
Holden et al. [52] | Productivity loss | Absenteeism (no. of full/part days missed from work in last 4 weeks) | IRR | 1.57 | NR | 1.33–1.86 | 3 |
Presenteeism (self-rated score of overall performance in last 4 weeks) | IRR | 1.22 | NR | 1.04–1.43 | |||
Jansson et al. [59] | Productivity loss | Indirect per person per year | USD | 749 | NR | NR | 6 |
Kremer et al. [55] | Unemployment | Percentage of who stopped work (among people in work) because of the onset of COPD | Percent | 39 | NR | NR | 5 |
Leigh et al. [105] | Productivity loss | Total indirect costs in 1996 in billions of dollars | USD | 21,400 | NR | NR | 3 |
Lokke et al. [62] | Unemployment | % receiving income from employment | Percent | 16.7 | NR | NR | 7 |
Productivity loss | Indirect costs per patient before the diagnosis | USD | 4266 | NR | NR | ||
indirect costs per patient after diagnosis | USD | 2816 | NR | NR | |||
Lokke et al. [61] | Productivity loss | Indirect costs per patient before the diagnosis | USD | 5912 | NR | NR | 9 |
indirect costs per patient after diagnosis | USD | 3819 | NR | NR | |||
Unemployment | % of spouses receiving income from employment | Percent | 36.9 | NR | NR | ||
Nair et al. [113] | Productivity loss | Short term 1 year productivity costs/per person | USD | 527 | NR | NR | 9 |
Absenteeism 1 year productivity costs/per person | USD | 55 | NR | NR | |||
Total costs | USD | NR | NR | ||||
Nishimura and Zaher [58] | Productivity loss | Modelled total annual costs per year in country (millions) | USD | 1471 | NR | NR | 2 |
Modelled indirect per patient | USD | 262 | NR | NR | |||
Days modelled per person | Count | 8.1 | NR | NR | |||
Nowak et al. [60] | Productivity loss | early retirement (per patient/year) (all COPD stages) | USD | 566 | NR | NR | 3 |
early retirement (per patient/year) (light COPD) | USD | 489 | NR | NR | |||
early retirement (per patient/year) (medium COPD) | USD | 567 | NR | NR | |||
early retirement (per patient/year) (severe COPD) | USD | 1064 | NR | NR | |||
disability (per patient/year) (all COPD stages) | USD | 398 | NR | NR | |||
disability (per patient/year) (light COPD) | USD | 459 | NR | NR | |||
disability (per patient/year) (medium COPD) | USD | 249 | NR | NR | |||
disability (per patient/year) (severe COPD) | USD | 340 | NR | NR | |||
Orbon et al. [56] | Unemployment | Unemployment | Percent | 53.8 | NR | NR | 4 |
Sin et al. [125] | Employment | Adjusted probability of being in work force for those with self-reported COPD compared to those without self-reported COPD | Percent | −3.9 | NR | −1.3 to −6.4 | 4 |
Productivity loss | Total loss productivity cost in 1994 in billions | USD | 9.9 | NR | NR | ||
Short et al. [124] | Unemployment | Limited amount of paid work possible due to illness (female) | OR | 2.63 | NR | 2.03–3.42 | 5 |
Limited amount of paid work possible due to illness (male) | OR | 4.89 | NR | 3.46–6.9 | |||
Strassels et al. [128] | Productivity loss | Number of lost work days COPD related | Mean | 1.0 | NR | <0.1–2.0 | 5 |
Number of restricted activity days COPD related | Mean | 15.9 | NR | 10.3–21.5 | |||
van Boven et al. [57] | Productivity loss | Costs total per patient a year (2009) | USD | 938 | NR | NR | 6 |
Costs in total (2009) | USD | 88,340,000 | NR | NR | |||
Absenteeism | Days total per patient (2009) | Count | 10.7 | NR | NR | ||
Days total (2009) | Count | 482,966 | NR | NR | |||
Wang et al. [134] | Absenteeism | Annual excess in days | Mean | 19.4 | 8.9 (SE) | NR | 4 |
Presenteeism | Annual excess in Days | Mean | 27.5 | 15.6 (SE) | NR | ||
Absenteeism & Presenteeism combined | Annual excess in days | Mean | 42.9 | 17.0 (SE) | NR | ||
Ward et al. [135] | Unemployment | Inability to work attributable to COPD | Percent | 10.6 | NR | NR | 6 |
Productivity loss | Number work loss days per year | Mean | 1.4 | NR | NR | ||
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Helantera et al. [65] | Unemployment | Unemployed in 2007 for patients with dialysis or after kidney transplant | Percent | 35 | NR | NR | 6 |
Klarenbach et al. [64] | Unemployment | Non-participation in labour force | OR | 7.94 | NR | 1.6–39.43 | 6 |
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Adepoju et al. [71] | Absenteeism | Absenteeism Days total | Count | 11,664 | NR | NR | 9 |
Absenteeism Costs total | USD | 85,314 | NR | NR | |||
Proportion of total productivity losses attributable to absenteeism | Percent | 4 | NR | NR | |||
Days of reduced time at work as a sum of Inpatient and ambulatory visits | Count | 7864 | NR | NR | |||
Costs of reduced time at work as sum of Inpatient and ambulatory visits | USD | 866,744 | NR | NR | |||
Proportion of total productivity losses attributable to reduced time at work | Percent | 3 | NR | NR | |||
Presenteeism | Presenteeism days total | Count | 7864 | NR | NR | ||
Presenteeism Costs total | USD | 866,744 | NR | NR | |||
Proportion of total productivity losses attributable to presenteeism | Percent | 44 | NR | NR | |||
Productivity loss | Costs of premature mortality costs as a product of YLL and income | USD | 953,373 | NR | NR | ||
Proportion of total productivity losses attributable premature mortality | Percent | 49 | NR | NR | |||
Total productivity related loss | Count | 20,064 | NR | NR | |||
Total productivity related costs loss | USD | 1,962,314 | NR | NR | |||
Alavinia and Burdorf [69] | Unemployment | Non participation in the labor force | OR | 1.380 | NR | 0.990–1.930 | 4 |
Anesetti-Rothermel and Sambamoorthi [10] | Sick leave | Work days in last year lost due to illness | Mean | 7.250 | 1.18 (SE) | NR | 6 |
Bastida and Pagan [81] | Productivity loss | Unemployment due to diabetes In females | Maximum likelihood | −0.073 | 0.198 | NR | NA |
Unemployment due to diabetes In males | Maximum likelihood | −1.047 | 0.447 | NR | |||
Boles et al. [84] | Productivity loss | Lost earnings per diabetic person/week | USD | 67 | NR | NR | 4 |
Absenteeism | Absenteeism | OR | 2.285 | NR | 1.167–4.474 | ||
Absenteeism | Least squares regression coefficient | 3.254 | 7.286 | NR | |||
Presenteeism | Presenteeism | OR | 1.271 | NR | 0.724–2.230 | ||
Presenteeism | Least squares regression coefficient | 4.308 | 4.369 | NR | |||
Bradshaw et al. [66] | DALYs | Total | Count | 162,877 | NR | NR | 3 |
Male | Count | 102,454 | NR | NR | |||
Female | Count | 101,690 | NR | NR | |||
Burton et al. [91] | Presenteeism | Time management (work the required no. of hours; start work on time) | OR | 1.401 | NR | 1.14–1.73 | 5 |
Physical work activities (e.g. repeat the same hand motions; use work equipment) | OR | 1.415 | NR | 1.15–1.75 | |||
Mental/interpersonal activities (concentration; teamwork) | OR | 1.233 | NR | 1.02–1.50 | |||
Overall output (complete required amount of work; worked to capability) | OR | 1.158 | NR | 0.95–1.42 | |||
Collins et al. [92] | Productivity loss | Impairment score (WIS) | Count | 17.8 | NR | 15.9, 19.6 | 7 |
Absent hours per patient/month | Count | 1.3 | NR | 0.6, 1.9 | |||
Work Impairment | Linear regression coefficient | −2.4 | NR | NR | |||
Absence | Logistic regression coefficient | 1.2 (not significant) | NR | NR | |||
Dall et al. [68] | Productivity loss | Absenteeism | USD | 2470 | NR | NR | 1 |
Presenteeism | USD | 18,715 | NR | NR | |||
Inability to work due to diabetes | USD | 7276 | NR | NR | |||
De Backer et al. [93] | Sick leave | Univariate analysis of high 1 year incidence rate of sick leave in diabetes compared to controls (25.3 %) in men (p value <0.001) | Percent | 36.9 | NR | NR | 8 |
Univariate analysis of long absences (defined as more than 7 days) in diabetes compared to controls (19.3 %) in men, (p value 0.002) | Percent | 25.3 | NR | NR | |||
Univariate analysis for repetitive absences in diabetes compared to controls (14.5 %) in men (p value <0.001) | Percent | 21.2 | NR | NR | |||
Adjusted analysis of high 1 year incidence rate of sick leave in diabetes compared to controls in men | OR | 1.51 | NR | 1.22–1.88 | |||
Adjusted analysis of long absences in diabetes compared to controls in men | OR | 1.11 | NR | 0.87–1.41 | |||
Adjusted analysis for repetitive absences in diabetes compared to controls in men | OR | 1.54 | NR | 1.20–1.98 | |||
Univariate analysis of high 1 year incidence rate of sick leave in diabetes compared to controls (25.1 %) in women (p value <0.04) | Percent | 33.9 | NR | NR | |||
Univariate analysis of long absences (defined as more than 7 days) in diabetes compared to controls (25.2 %) in women, (p value 0.04) | Percent | 33.9 | NR | NR | |||
Univariate analysis for repetitive absences in diabetes compared to controls (24.0 %) in women (p value 0.002) | Percent | 36.7 | NR | NR | |||
Adjusted analysis of high 1 year incidence rate of sick leave in diabetes compared to controls in women | OR | 1.38 | NR | 0.89–2.14 | |||
Adjusted analysis of long absences in diabetes compared to controls in women | OR | 1.45 | NR | 0.94–2.23 | |||
Adjusted analysis for repetitive absences in diabetes compared to controls in men | OR | 1.71 | NR | 1.12–2.62 | |||
Etyang et al. [6] | DALYs | Rate per 100,000 PY of observation | Rate | 364 | NR | NR | 5 |
Fu et al. [97] | Productivity loss | Work loss days due to diabetes/year | Count | 6.7 | NR | NR | 8 |
Bed days due to diabetes/year | Count | 13 | NR | NR | |||
Genova-Maleras et al. [4] | DALYs | Rate per 1000 age standardised | Rate | 2.2 | NR | NR | 2 |
Percentage of all causes of mortality | Percent | 1.9 | NR | NR | |||
Herquelot et al. [100] | Presenteeism | Work disability due to diabetes | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years | 7.9 | NR | NR | 7 |
Work disability due to diabetes | HR | 1.7 | NR | 1.0–2.9 | |||
Holden et al. [52] | Productivity loss | Absenteeism, number of full/part days missed from work in last 4 weeks | IRR | 1.17 | NR | 1.09–1.26 | 3 |
Presenteeism, self-rated score of overall performance over last 4 weeks | IRR | 0.89 | NR | 0.83–0.96 | |||
Lenneman et al. [107] | Productivity loss | Productivity impairment | Unstandardized linear regression coefficient | 1.816 | NR | 0.717–2.820 | 4 |
Klarenbach et al. [64] | Unemployment | Non-participation in labour force | OR | 2.17 | NR | 1.2–3.93 | 6 |
Kessler et al. [70] | Productivity loss | Impairment days | Count | 3.6 | 0.8 | NR | 2 |
Any work impairment | OR | 1.1 | NR | 0.6–1.9 | |||
Impairment days | Unstandardized linear regression coefficient | −0.3 | 0.5 | NR | |||
Lavigne et al. [67] | Productivity loss | Work while feeling unwell | Percent | 0.54 | NR | NR | 4 |
Variance explained work efficiency losses | Percent | 13 | NR | NR | |||
Hours of work lost due to diabetes, per month per person | Tobit regression coefficients | −1 | NR | −13.92 to −12.18 | |||
Hours of absence from work due to diabetes, per month per person | Tobit regression coefficients | 1 | NR | −1.09 to −3.45 | |||
Hours of total productivity time lost per month per person due to diabetes | Tobit regression coefficients | 8 | NR | 1.42–15.03 | |||
Cost of productivity time lost due to diabetes | Tobit regression coefficients | 94 | NR | −456.8 to −645.2 | |||
Mayfield et al. [109] | Productivity loss | Work disability due to diabetes | Probit model estimates | 1.46 | 0.228 | NR | 8 |
Work disability due to diabetes | Percent | 25.6 | NR | NR | |||
Work loss days due to diabetes | Linear regression | 0.67 | 0.318 | NR | |||
Work loss days due to diabetes per year | Count | 5.65 | NR | NR | |||
Lost earnings per diabetic person/year | USD | 3099 | NR | NR | |||
Robinson et al. [121] | Unemployment | Rate of unemployed in those economically active for males (controls 7.8 %) | Percent | 21.9 | NR | NR | 7 |
Rate of unemployed in those economically active for females (controls 5.1 %) | Percent | 11.5 | NR | NR | |||
Rate of unemployed in those economically active for females (controls 7.0 % with a p value of <0.001 for difference) | Percent | 18 | |||||
Short et al. [11] | Unemployment | Limited amount of paid work possible due to illness Female | OR | 1.54 | NR | 1.23–1.92 | 5 |
Limited amount of paid work possible due to illness Male | OR | 2.02 | NR | 1.57–2.6 | |||
Wang et al. [134] | Absenteeism | Annual excess in days | Mean | 6.4 | 6.0 (SE) | NR | 4 |
Presenteeism | Annual excess in days | Mean | 7.3 | 10.3 (SE) | NR | ||
Absenteeism and Presenteeism combined | Annual excess in days | Mean | 16.0 | 11.0 (SE) | NR | ||
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Torp et al. [25] | Unemployment | Unemployment at follow up | Percent | 25.6 | NR | NR | 9 |
Earle et al. [46] | Unemployment | Unemployment at 15 months | Percent | 69 | NR | NR | 4 |