Background
Methods
Study design and setting
Participants
Data and measures
Theoretical foundation
Translation and adaptation process
Validation
Severity threshold definitions
Statistical analysis
Results
CD4 < 200
N = 364
N (%) | CD4 ≥ 200
N = 169
N (%) | VLa >55,000
N = 281
N (%) | VLa ≤55,000
N = 214
N (%) | Stage 1
N = 114
N (%) | Stage 2
N = 126
N (%) | Stage 3
N = 204
N (%) | Stage 4
N = 22
N (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male Gender | 136 (37) | 51 (30) | 114 (41) | 62 (29) | 30 (26) | 48 (38) | 72 (35) | 7 (32) |
Age | ||||||||
20–29 | 62 (17) | 37 (22) | 46 (16) | 43 (20) | 30 (26) | 19 (15) | 39 (19) | 4(18) |
30–39 | 184 (51) | 88 (52) | 148 (53) | 104 (49) | 63 (55) | 59 (47) | 95 (47) | 10 (45) |
40–49 | 89 (24) | 32 (19) | 68 (24) | 48 (22) | 16 (14) | 24 (19) | 51 (25) | 8 (36) |
50+ | 30 (8) | 12 (7) | 19 (7) | 19 (9) | 5 (4) | 3 (2) | 19 (9) | 0 (0) |
Income (Schillings) | ||||||||
≤ 2000 | 93 (29) | 43 (29) | 58 (23) | 65 (35) | 26 (27) | 29 (25) | 57 (32) | 6 (30) |
2001–10,000 | 140 (43) | 71 (48) | 114 (45) | 80 (43) | 41 (43) | 59 (51) | 84 (48) | 4 (20) |
10,001–40,000 | 75 (23) | 30 (20) | 64 (25) | 36 (19) | 25 (26) | 24 (20) | 27 (15) | 10 (50) |
> 40,000 | 14 (4) | 5 (3) | 15 (6) | 4 (2) | 3 (3) | 3 (2) | 8 (5) | 0 (0) |
Urban Res. | 295 (81) | 139 (82) | 238 (85) | 170 (79) | 107 (94) | 116 (92) | 137 (67) | 18 (82) |
Sub Group | PCS (SDa) | MCS (SDa) | SF6D (SDa) |
---|---|---|---|
CD4 < 200 N = 364 | 41.1 (11.0)*
| 43.4 (10.7)*
| 0.67(0.15)*
|
CD4 ≥ 200 N = 169 | 45.4 (10.3)*
| 45.8 (11.0)*
| 0.72(0.15)*
|
Viral Load >55,000 N = 281 | 41.5 (10.6)*
| 43.8 (10.9) | 0.67 (0.15)*
|
Viral Load ≤55,000 N = 214 | 43.7 (11.3)*
| 44.5 (10.8) | 0.71 (0.16)*
|
WHO Stage 1 N = 114 | 46.7 (8.7)**
| 46.0 (11.0)**
| 0.73 (0.15)**
|
WHO Stage 2 N = 126 | 44.7 (10.3) | 44.6 (10.3) | 0.71 (0.15) |
WHO Stage 3 N = 204 | 39.5 (11.3)**
| 42.7 (11.0) | 0.66 (0.16)**
|
WHO Stage 4 N = 22 | 36.9 (11.3)**
| 41.6 (10.2)**
| 0.61 (0.13)**
|
Comparison Groups | PCS AUC | MCS AUC | SF6D AUC |
---|---|---|---|
CD4 < 200 vs CD4 ≥ 200 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.61 |
Viral Load ≤55,000 vs >55,000 | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.57 |
WHO stage 1 vs stage 2 | 0.55 | 0.58 | 0.55 |
WHO stage 1 vs stage 3 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.64 |
WHO stage 1 vs stage 4 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 0.68 |
Results by CD4 count threshold severity definition
PCS Kenya Mean (SDa) | MCS Kenya Mean (SD) | PCS USA [11] Mean (SD) | MCS USA [11] Mean (SD) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
CD4 ≥ 200 cells/mm3
| 45.4 (10.3) | 45.8 (11.0) | 45.3(11.3) | 42.6 (9.6) |
CD4 < 200 cells/mm3
| 41.1 (11.0) | 43.4 (10.7) | 40.1 (11.4) | 43.3(9.8) |
Viral load ≤55,000 copies/ml | 43.7 (11.3) | 44.5 (10.8) | 44.5 (11.6) | 42.9 (9.5) |
Viral load >55,000 copies/ml | 41.5 (10.6) | 43.8 (10.9) | 40.2 (11.5) | 41.6 (10.2) |