Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Pathology & Oncology Research 4/2012

01.10.2012 | Review

Tissue-Specific Homing of Immune Cells in Malignant Skin Tumors

verfasst von: Hajnalka Jókai, Márta Marschalkó, Judit Csomor, József Szakonyi, Orsolya Kontár, Gábor Barna, Sarolta Kárpáti, Péter Holló

Erschienen in: Pathology & Oncology Research | Ausgabe 4/2012

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Tissue-specific migration of immune cells involved both in physiological and pathological immune responses is a current research subject for medical science. Several homing molecules have been identified orchestrating extravasation of immune cells to certain peripheral non-lymphoid tissues such as gut, lung and skin. Regarding lymphocyte homing to skin, the first-line defense of human body cutaneous lymphocyte associated antigen (CLA) and a group of chemokine-chemokine receptor pairs are considered to be of crucial importance. The aim of the present review is to summarize existing knowledge about skin- and tumor-specific migration of immune cells playing a major pathogenetic role in host immune responses induced by non-lymphoid malignant skin tumors as well as in the development of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). Melanoma malignum, squamous and basal cell carcinoma evoke host immune responses and consequently a subset of reactive immune cells is recruited to site of the tumor. Regarding migratory process and exact functional role of these cells a growing number of data is available in literature. On the other hand tissue-specific immune cell homing is regarded as a key process in the pathogenesis of CTCL where malignant T-lymphocytes can be found in circulation and symptomatic skin. Hereby homing mechanism of malignant T-cells in mycosis fungoides and Sézary-syndrome as separate clinical entities of CTCL is discussed. A precise insight into the molecular background of skin- and tumor-specific immune cell migration can contribute to developing efficient vaccine therapies in non-lymphoid malignant skin tumors and beneficial treatment modalities in CTCL.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Kunkel EJ, Butcher EC (2002) Chemokines and the tissue-specific migration of lymphocytes. Immunity 16:1–4PubMedCrossRef Kunkel EJ, Butcher EC (2002) Chemokines and the tissue-specific migration of lymphocytes. Immunity 16:1–4PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Hart AL, Ng SC, Mann E, Al-Hassi HO, Bernardo D, Knight SC (2010) Homing of immune cells: role in homeostasis and intestinal inflammation. Inflamm Bowel Dis 16:1969–1977PubMedCrossRef Hart AL, Ng SC, Mann E, Al-Hassi HO, Bernardo D, Knight SC (2010) Homing of immune cells: role in homeostasis and intestinal inflammation. Inflamm Bowel Dis 16:1969–1977PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Lalor PF, Curbishley SM, Adams DH (2010) Identifying homing interactions in T-cell traffic in human disease. Methods Mol Biol 616:231–252PubMedCrossRef Lalor PF, Curbishley SM, Adams DH (2010) Identifying homing interactions in T-cell traffic in human disease. Methods Mol Biol 616:231–252PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Villablanca EJ, Russo V, Mora JR (2008) Dendritic cell migration and lymphocyte homing imprinting. Histol Histopathol 23:897–910PubMed Villablanca EJ, Russo V, Mora JR (2008) Dendritic cell migration and lymphocyte homing imprinting. Histol Histopathol 23:897–910PubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Woodland DL, Kohlmeier JE (2009) Migration, maintenance and recall of memory T cells in peripheral tissues. Nat Rev Immunol 9:153–161PubMedCrossRef Woodland DL, Kohlmeier JE (2009) Migration, maintenance and recall of memory T cells in peripheral tissues. Nat Rev Immunol 9:153–161PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Sigmundsdottir H, Butcher EC (2008) Environmental cues, dendritic cells and the programming of tissue-selective lymphocyte trafficking. Nat Immunol 9:981–987PubMedCrossRef Sigmundsdottir H, Butcher EC (2008) Environmental cues, dendritic cells and the programming of tissue-selective lymphocyte trafficking. Nat Immunol 9:981–987PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Nestle FO, Di Meglio P, Qin JZ, Nickoloff BJ (2009) Skin immune sentinels in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 9:679–691PubMed Nestle FO, Di Meglio P, Qin JZ, Nickoloff BJ (2009) Skin immune sentinels in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 9:679–691PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Clark RA (2010) Skin-resident T cells: the ups and downs of on site immunity. J Invest Dermatol 130(2):362–370PubMedCrossRef Clark RA (2010) Skin-resident T cells: the ups and downs of on site immunity. J Invest Dermatol 130(2):362–370PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Sigmundsdottir H (2010) Improving topical treatments for skin diseases. Trends Pharmacol Sci 31:239–245PubMedCrossRef Sigmundsdottir H (2010) Improving topical treatments for skin diseases. Trends Pharmacol Sci 31:239–245PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Fuhlbrigge RC, King SL, Sackstein R, Kupper TS (2006) CD43 is a ligand for E-selectin on CLA + human T cells. Blood 107:1421–1426PubMedCrossRef Fuhlbrigge RC, King SL, Sackstein R, Kupper TS (2006) CD43 is a ligand for E-selectin on CLA + human T cells. Blood 107:1421–1426PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Magro CM, Dyrsen ME (2008) Cutaneous lymphocyte antigen expression in benign and neoplastic cutaneous B- and T-cell lymphoid infiltrates. J Cutan Pathol 35:1040–1049PubMedCrossRef Magro CM, Dyrsen ME (2008) Cutaneous lymphocyte antigen expression in benign and neoplastic cutaneous B- and T-cell lymphoid infiltrates. J Cutan Pathol 35:1040–1049PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Ni Z, Walcheck B (2009) Cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) T cells up-regulate P-selectin ligand expression upon their activation. Clin Immunol 133:257–264PubMedCrossRef Ni Z, Walcheck B (2009) Cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) T cells up-regulate P-selectin ligand expression upon their activation. Clin Immunol 133:257–264PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Yamanaka K, Dimitroff CJ, Fuhlbrigge RC, Kakeda M, Kurokawa I, Mizutani H, Kupper TS (2008) Vitamins A and D are potent inhibitors of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen expression. J Allergy Clin Immunol 121:148–157.e3 Yamanaka K, Dimitroff CJ, Fuhlbrigge RC, Kakeda M, Kurokawa I, Mizutani H, Kupper TS (2008) Vitamins A and D are potent inhibitors of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen expression. J Allergy Clin Immunol 121:148–157.e3
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Baeke F, Takiishi T, Korf H, Gysemans C, Mathieu C (2010) Vitamin D: modulator of the immune system. Curr Opin Pharmacol 10:482–496PubMedCrossRef Baeke F, Takiishi T, Korf H, Gysemans C, Mathieu C (2010) Vitamin D: modulator of the immune system. Curr Opin Pharmacol 10:482–496PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Duhen T, Geiger R, Jarrossay D, Lanzavecchia A, Sallusto F (2009) Production of interleukin 22 but not interleukin 17 by a subset of human skin-homing memory T cells. Nat Immunol 10:857–863PubMedCrossRef Duhen T, Geiger R, Jarrossay D, Lanzavecchia A, Sallusto F (2009) Production of interleukin 22 but not interleukin 17 by a subset of human skin-homing memory T cells. Nat Immunol 10:857–863PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Zlotnik A, Yoshie O (2000) Chemokines: a new classification system and their role in immunity. Immunitiy 12:121–127CrossRef Zlotnik A, Yoshie O (2000) Chemokines: a new classification system and their role in immunity. Immunitiy 12:121–127CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Sabat R, Philipp S, Höflich C, Kreutzer S, Wallace E, Asadullah K, Volk HD, Sterry W, Wolk K (2007) Immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 16:779–798PubMedCrossRef Sabat R, Philipp S, Höflich C, Kreutzer S, Wallace E, Asadullah K, Volk HD, Sterry W, Wolk K (2007) Immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 16:779–798PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Clark RA, Chong B, Mirchandani N, Brinster NK, Yamanaka K, Dowgiert RK, Kupper TS (2006) The vast majority of CLA + T cells are resident in normal skin. J Immunol 176:4431–4439PubMed Clark RA, Chong B, Mirchandani N, Brinster NK, Yamanaka K, Dowgiert RK, Kupper TS (2006) The vast majority of CLA + T cells are resident in normal skin. J Immunol 176:4431–4439PubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Santamaria Babi LF, Moser R, Perez Soler MT, Picker LJ, Blaser K, Hauser C (1995) Migration of skin-homing T cells across cytokine-activated human endothelial cell layers involves interaction of the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), the very late antigen-4 (VLA-4), and the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). J Immunol 154:1543–1550PubMed Santamaria Babi LF, Moser R, Perez Soler MT, Picker LJ, Blaser K, Hauser C (1995) Migration of skin-homing T cells across cytokine-activated human endothelial cell layers involves interaction of the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), the very late antigen-4 (VLA-4), and the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). J Immunol 154:1543–1550PubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Pals ST, de Gorter DJ, Spaargaren M (2007) Lymphoma dissemination: the other face of lymphocyte homing. Blood 110:3102–3111PubMedCrossRef Pals ST, de Gorter DJ, Spaargaren M (2007) Lymphoma dissemination: the other face of lymphocyte homing. Blood 110:3102–3111PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Gelb AB, Smoller BR, Warnke RA, Picker LJ (1993) Lymphocytes infiltrating primary cutaneous neoplasms selectively express the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA). Am J Pathol 142:1556–1564PubMed Gelb AB, Smoller BR, Warnke RA, Picker LJ (1993) Lymphocytes infiltrating primary cutaneous neoplasms selectively express the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA). Am J Pathol 142:1556–1564PubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Clark WH Jr, From L, Bernardino EA, Mihm MC (1969) The histogenesis and biologic behavior of primary human malignant melanomas of the skin. Cancer Res 29:705–727PubMed Clark WH Jr, From L, Bernardino EA, Mihm MC (1969) The histogenesis and biologic behavior of primary human malignant melanomas of the skin. Cancer Res 29:705–727PubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Clemente CG, Mihm MC Jr, Bufalino R, Zurrida S, Collini P, Cascinelli N (1996) Prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the vertical growth phase of primary cutaneous melanoma. Cancer 77:1303–1310PubMedCrossRef Clemente CG, Mihm MC Jr, Bufalino R, Zurrida S, Collini P, Cascinelli N (1996) Prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the vertical growth phase of primary cutaneous melanoma. Cancer 77:1303–1310PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Mullins IM, Slingluff CL, Lee JK, Garbee CF, Shu J, Anderson SG, Mayer ME, Knaus WA, Mullins DW (2004) CXC chemokine receptor 3 expression by activated CD8+ T cells is associated with survival in melanoma patients with stage III disease. Cancer Res 64:7697–7701PubMedCrossRef Mullins IM, Slingluff CL, Lee JK, Garbee CF, Shu J, Anderson SG, Mayer ME, Knaus WA, Mullins DW (2004) CXC chemokine receptor 3 expression by activated CD8+ T cells is associated with survival in melanoma patients with stage III disease. Cancer Res 64:7697–7701PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Day CL Jr, Sober AJ, Kopf AW, Lew RA, Mihm MC Jr, Hennessey P, Golomb FM, Harris MN, Gumport SL, Raker JW, Malt RA, Cosimi AB, Wood WC, Roses DF, Gorstein F, Postel A, Grier WR, Mintzis MN, Fitzpatrick TB (1981) A prognostic model for clinical stage I melanoma of the upper extremity. The importance of anatomic subsites in predicting recurrent disease. Ann Surg 193:436–440PubMedCrossRef Day CL Jr, Sober AJ, Kopf AW, Lew RA, Mihm MC Jr, Hennessey P, Golomb FM, Harris MN, Gumport SL, Raker JW, Malt RA, Cosimi AB, Wood WC, Roses DF, Gorstein F, Postel A, Grier WR, Mintzis MN, Fitzpatrick TB (1981) A prognostic model for clinical stage I melanoma of the upper extremity. The importance of anatomic subsites in predicting recurrent disease. Ann Surg 193:436–440PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Tuthill RJ, Unger JM, Liu PY, Flaherty LE, Sondak VK (2002) Risk assessment in localized primary cutaneous melanoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study evaluating nine factors and a test of the Clark logistic regression prediction model. Am J Clin Pathol 118:504–511PubMedCrossRef Tuthill RJ, Unger JM, Liu PY, Flaherty LE, Sondak VK (2002) Risk assessment in localized primary cutaneous melanoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study evaluating nine factors and a test of the Clark logistic regression prediction model. Am J Clin Pathol 118:504–511PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Oble DA, Loewe R, Yu P, Mihm MC Jr (2009) Focus on TILs: prognostic significance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in human melanoma. Cancer Immun 9:3PubMed Oble DA, Loewe R, Yu P, Mihm MC Jr (2009) Focus on TILs: prognostic significance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in human melanoma. Cancer Immun 9:3PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Taylor RC, Patel A, Panageas KS, Busam KJ, Brady MS (2007) Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict sentinel lymph node positivity in patients with cutaneous melanoma. J Clin Oncol 25:869–875PubMedCrossRef Taylor RC, Patel A, Panageas KS, Busam KJ, Brady MS (2007) Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict sentinel lymph node positivity in patients with cutaneous melanoma. J Clin Oncol 25:869–875PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Prieto PA, Durflinger KH, Wunderlich JR, Rosenberg SA, Dudley ME (2010) Enrichment of CD8+ cells from melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cultures reveals tumor reactivity for use in adoptive cell therapy. J Immunother 33:547–556PubMedCrossRef Prieto PA, Durflinger KH, Wunderlich JR, Rosenberg SA, Dudley ME (2010) Enrichment of CD8+ cells from melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cultures reveals tumor reactivity for use in adoptive cell therapy. J Immunother 33:547–556PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Viguier M, Lemaître F, Verola O, Cho MS, Gorochov G, Dubertret L, Bachelez H, Kourilsky P, Ferradini L (2004) Foxp3 expressing CD4 + CD25(high) regulatory T cells are overrepresented in human metastatic melanoma lymph nodes and inhibit the function of infiltrating T cells. J Immunol 173:1444–1453PubMed Viguier M, Lemaître F, Verola O, Cho MS, Gorochov G, Dubertret L, Bachelez H, Kourilsky P, Ferradini L (2004) Foxp3 expressing CD4 + CD25(high) regulatory T cells are overrepresented in human metastatic melanoma lymph nodes and inhibit the function of infiltrating T cells. J Immunol 173:1444–1453PubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Weishaupt C, Munoz KN, Buzney E, Kupper TS, Fuhlbrigge RC (2007) T-cell distribution and adhesion receptor expression in metastatic melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 13:2549–2556PubMedCrossRef Weishaupt C, Munoz KN, Buzney E, Kupper TS, Fuhlbrigge RC (2007) T-cell distribution and adhesion receptor expression in metastatic melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 13:2549–2556PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosenberg SA, Restifo NP, Yang JC, Morgan RA, Dudley ME (2008) Adoptive cell transfer: a clinical path to effective cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer 8:299–308PubMedCrossRef Rosenberg SA, Restifo NP, Yang JC, Morgan RA, Dudley ME (2008) Adoptive cell transfer: a clinical path to effective cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer 8:299–308PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Labarriere N, Dreno B, Jotereau F (2008) Lymphocyte biomarkers of clinical responses to adoptive immunotherapy of malignant melanoma. Curr Cancer Ther Rev 4:125–129CrossRef Labarriere N, Dreno B, Jotereau F (2008) Lymphocyte biomarkers of clinical responses to adoptive immunotherapy of malignant melanoma. Curr Cancer Ther Rev 4:125–129CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Gattinoni L, Powell DJ Jr, Rosenberg SA, Restifo NP (2006) Adoptive immunotherapy for cancer: building on success. Nat Rev Immunol 6:383–393PubMedCrossRef Gattinoni L, Powell DJ Jr, Rosenberg SA, Restifo NP (2006) Adoptive immunotherapy for cancer: building on success. Nat Rev Immunol 6:383–393PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Adams DH, Yannelli JR, Newman W, Lawley T, Ades E, Rosenberg SA, Shaw S (1997) Adhesion of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes to endothelium: a phenotypic and functional analysis. Br J Cancer 75:1421–1431PubMedCrossRef Adams DH, Yannelli JR, Newman W, Lawley T, Ades E, Rosenberg SA, Shaw S (1997) Adhesion of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes to endothelium: a phenotypic and functional analysis. Br J Cancer 75:1421–1431PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Rohde D, Schlüter-Wigger W, Mielke V, von den Driesch P, von Gaudecker B, Sterry W (1992) Infiltration of both T cells and neutrophils in the skin is accompanied by the expression of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1): an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. J Invest Dermatol 98:794–799PubMedCrossRef Rohde D, Schlüter-Wigger W, Mielke V, von den Driesch P, von Gaudecker B, Sterry W (1992) Infiltration of both T cells and neutrophils in the skin is accompanied by the expression of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1): an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. J Invest Dermatol 98:794–799PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Schadendorf D, Heidel J, Gawlik C, Suter L, Czarnetzki BM (1995) Association with clinical outcome of expression of VLA-4 in primary cutaneous malignant melanoma as well as P-selectin and E-selectin on intratumoral vessels. J Natl Cancer Inst 87:366–371PubMedCrossRef Schadendorf D, Heidel J, Gawlik C, Suter L, Czarnetzki BM (1995) Association with clinical outcome of expression of VLA-4 in primary cutaneous malignant melanoma as well as P-selectin and E-selectin on intratumoral vessels. J Natl Cancer Inst 87:366–371PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Nooijen PT, Westphal JR, Eggermont AM, Schalkwijk C, Max R, de Waal RM, Ruiter DJ (1998) Endothelial P-selectin expression is reduced in advanced primary melanoma and melanoma metastasis. Am J Pathol 152:679–682PubMed Nooijen PT, Westphal JR, Eggermont AM, Schalkwijk C, Max R, de Waal RM, Ruiter DJ (1998) Endothelial P-selectin expression is reduced in advanced primary melanoma and melanoma metastasis. Am J Pathol 152:679–682PubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Quezada SA, Peggs KS, Simpson TR, Shen Y, Littman DR, Allison JP (2008) Limited tumor infiltration by activated T effector cells restricts the therapeutic activity of regulatory T cell depletion against established melanoma. J Exp Med 205:2125–2138PubMedCrossRef Quezada SA, Peggs KS, Simpson TR, Shen Y, Littman DR, Allison JP (2008) Limited tumor infiltration by activated T effector cells restricts the therapeutic activity of regulatory T cell depletion against established melanoma. J Exp Med 205:2125–2138PubMedCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Walshe TE, Dole VS, Maharaj AS, Patten IS, Wagner DD, D'Amore PA (2009) Inhibition of VEGF or TGF-{beta} signaling activates endothelium and increases leukocyte rolling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 29:1185–1192PubMedCrossRef Walshe TE, Dole VS, Maharaj AS, Patten IS, Wagner DD, D'Amore PA (2009) Inhibition of VEGF or TGF-{beta} signaling activates endothelium and increases leukocyte rolling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 29:1185–1192PubMedCrossRef
41.
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Kiss J, Tímár J, Somlai B, Gilde K, Fejôs Z, Gaudi I, Ladányi A (2007) Association of microvessel density with infiltrating cells in human cutaneous malignant melanoma. Pathol Oncol Res 13:21–31PubMedCrossRef Kiss J, Tímár J, Somlai B, Gilde K, Fejôs Z, Gaudi I, Ladányi A (2007) Association of microvessel density with infiltrating cells in human cutaneous malignant melanoma. Pathol Oncol Res 13:21–31PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Barton GM (2008) A calculated response: control of inflammation by the innate immune system. J Clin Invest 118:413–420PubMedCrossRef Barton GM (2008) A calculated response: control of inflammation by the innate immune system. J Clin Invest 118:413–420PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Krieg C, Boyman O (2009) The role of chemokines in cancer immune surveillance by the adaptive immune system. Semin Cancer Biol 19:76–83PubMedCrossRef Krieg C, Boyman O (2009) The role of chemokines in cancer immune surveillance by the adaptive immune system. Semin Cancer Biol 19:76–83PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Harlin H, Meng Y, Peterson AC, Zha Y, Tretiakova M, Slingluff C, McKee M, Gajewski TF (2009) Chemokine expression in melanoma metastases associated with CD8+ T-cell recruitment. Cancer Res 69:3077–3085PubMedCrossRef Harlin H, Meng Y, Peterson AC, Zha Y, Tretiakova M, Slingluff C, McKee M, Gajewski TF (2009) Chemokine expression in melanoma metastases associated with CD8+ T-cell recruitment. Cancer Res 69:3077–3085PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Navarini-Meury AA, Conrad C (2009) Melanoma and innate immunity–aActive inflammation or just erroneous attraction? Melanoma as the source of leukocyte-attracting chemokines. Semin Cancer Biol 19:84–91PubMedCrossRef Navarini-Meury AA, Conrad C (2009) Melanoma and innate immunity–aActive inflammation or just erroneous attraction? Melanoma as the source of leukocyte-attracting chemokines. Semin Cancer Biol 19:84–91PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Richmond A, Yang J, Su Y (2009) The good and the bad of chemokines/chemokine receptors in melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 22:175–186PubMedCrossRef Richmond A, Yang J, Su Y (2009) The good and the bad of chemokines/chemokine receptors in melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 22:175–186PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Somasundaram R, Herlyn D (2009) Chemokines and the microenvironment in neuroectodermal tumor-host interaction. Semin Cancer Biol 19:92–96PubMedCrossRef Somasundaram R, Herlyn D (2009) Chemokines and the microenvironment in neuroectodermal tumor-host interaction. Semin Cancer Biol 19:92–96PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Strieter RM, Belperio JA, Phillips RJ, Keane MP (2004) CXC chemokines in angiogenesis of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 14:195–200PubMedCrossRef Strieter RM, Belperio JA, Phillips RJ, Keane MP (2004) CXC chemokines in angiogenesis of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 14:195–200PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Strieter RM, Burdick MD, Gomperts BN, Belperio JA, Keane MP (2005) CXC chemokines in angiogenesis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 16:593–609PubMedCrossRef Strieter RM, Burdick MD, Gomperts BN, Belperio JA, Keane MP (2005) CXC chemokines in angiogenesis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 16:593–609PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Cole KE, Strick CA, Paradis TJ, Ogborne KT, Loetscher M, Gladue RP, Lin W, Boyd JG, Moser B, Wood DE, Sahagan BG, Neote K (1998) Interferon-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC): a novel non-ELR CXC chemokine with potent activity on activated T cells through selective high affinity binding to CXCR3. J Exp Med 187:2009–2021PubMedCrossRef Cole KE, Strick CA, Paradis TJ, Ogborne KT, Loetscher M, Gladue RP, Lin W, Boyd JG, Moser B, Wood DE, Sahagan BG, Neote K (1998) Interferon-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC): a novel non-ELR CXC chemokine with potent activity on activated T cells through selective high affinity binding to CXCR3. J Exp Med 187:2009–2021PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Kunz M, Toksoy A, Goebeler M, Engelhardt E, Brocker E, Gillitzer R (1999) Strong expression of the lymphoattractant C-X-C chemokine Mig is associated with heavy infiltration of T cells in human malignant melanoma. J Pathol 189:552–558PubMedCrossRef Kunz M, Toksoy A, Goebeler M, Engelhardt E, Brocker E, Gillitzer R (1999) Strong expression of the lymphoattractant C-X-C chemokine Mig is associated with heavy infiltration of T cells in human malignant melanoma. J Pathol 189:552–558PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Graves DT, Barnhill R, Galanopoulos T, Antoniades HN (1992) Expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in human melanoma in vivo. Am J Pathol 140:9–14PubMed Graves DT, Barnhill R, Galanopoulos T, Antoniades HN (1992) Expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in human melanoma in vivo. Am J Pathol 140:9–14PubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Mellado M, de Ana AM, Moreno MC, Martinez C, Rodriguez-Frade JM (2001) A potential immune escape mechanism by melanoma cells through the activation of chemokine-induced T cell death. Curr Biol 11:691–696PubMedCrossRef Mellado M, de Ana AM, Moreno MC, Martinez C, Rodriguez-Frade JM (2001) A potential immune escape mechanism by melanoma cells through the activation of chemokine-induced T cell death. Curr Biol 11:691–696PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Fushimi T, Kojima A, Moore MA, Crystal RG (2000) Macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha transgene attracts dendritic cells to established murine tumors and suppresses tumor growth. J Clin Invest 105:1383–1393PubMedCrossRef Fushimi T, Kojima A, Moore MA, Crystal RG (2000) Macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha transgene attracts dendritic cells to established murine tumors and suppresses tumor growth. J Clin Invest 105:1383–1393PubMedCrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Brose MS, Volpe P, Feldman M, Kumar M, Rishi I, Gerrero R, Einhorn E, Herlyn M, Minna J, Nicholson A, Roth JA, Albelda SM, Davies H, Cox C, Brignell G, Stephens P, Futreal PA, Wooster R, Stratton MR, Weber BL (2002) BRAF and RAS mutations in human lung cancer and melanoma. Cancer Res 62:6997–7000PubMed Brose MS, Volpe P, Feldman M, Kumar M, Rishi I, Gerrero R, Einhorn E, Herlyn M, Minna J, Nicholson A, Roth JA, Albelda SM, Davies H, Cox C, Brignell G, Stephens P, Futreal PA, Wooster R, Stratton MR, Weber BL (2002) BRAF and RAS mutations in human lung cancer and melanoma. Cancer Res 62:6997–7000PubMed
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Robertson GP (2005) Functional and therapeutic significance of Akt deregulation in malignant melanoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 24:273–285PubMedCrossRef Robertson GP (2005) Functional and therapeutic significance of Akt deregulation in malignant melanoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 24:273–285PubMedCrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Hardy KM, Kirschmann DA, Seftor EA, Margaryan NV, Postovit LM, Strizzi L, Hendrix MJ (2010) Regulation of the embryonic morphogen Nodal by Notch4 facilitates manifestation of the aggressive melanoma phenotype. Cancer Res 70:10340–10350PubMedCrossRef Hardy KM, Kirschmann DA, Seftor EA, Margaryan NV, Postovit LM, Strizzi L, Hendrix MJ (2010) Regulation of the embryonic morphogen Nodal by Notch4 facilitates manifestation of the aggressive melanoma phenotype. Cancer Res 70:10340–10350PubMedCrossRef
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang CH, Fan M, Slominski AT, Yue J, Pfeffer LM (2010) The role of constitutively activated STAT3 in B16 melanoma cells. Int J Interferon Cytokine Mediator Res 2010:1–7 Yang CH, Fan M, Slominski AT, Yue J, Pfeffer LM (2010) The role of constitutively activated STAT3 in B16 melanoma cells. Int J Interferon Cytokine Mediator Res 2010:1–7
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Clark RA, Chong BF, Mirchandani N, Yamanaka K, Murphy GF, Dowgiert RK, Kupper TS (2006) A novel method for the isolation of skin resident T cells from normal and diseased human skin. J Invest Dermatol 126:1059–1070PubMedCrossRef Clark RA, Chong BF, Mirchandani N, Yamanaka K, Murphy GF, Dowgiert RK, Kupper TS (2006) A novel method for the isolation of skin resident T cells from normal and diseased human skin. J Invest Dermatol 126:1059–1070PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Clark RA, Huang SJ, Murphy GF, Mollet IG, Hijnen D, Muthukuru M, Schanbacher CF, Edwards V, Miller DM, Kim JE, Lambert J, Kupper TS (2008) Human squamous cell carcinomas evade the immune response by down-regulation of vascular E-selectin and recruitment of regulatory T cells. J Exp Med 205:2221–2234PubMedCrossRef Clark RA, Huang SJ, Murphy GF, Mollet IG, Hijnen D, Muthukuru M, Schanbacher CF, Edwards V, Miller DM, Kim JE, Lambert J, Kupper TS (2008) Human squamous cell carcinomas evade the immune response by down-regulation of vascular E-selectin and recruitment of regulatory T cells. J Exp Med 205:2221–2234PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Hald J, Rasmussen N, Claesson MH (1995) Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes mediate lysis of autologous squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Cancer Immunol Immunother 41:243–250PubMedCrossRef Hald J, Rasmussen N, Claesson MH (1995) Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes mediate lysis of autologous squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Cancer Immunol Immunother 41:243–250PubMedCrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Wei S, Kryczek I, Zou W (2006) Regulatory T-cell compartmentalization and trafficking. Blood 108:426–431PubMedCrossRef Wei S, Kryczek I, Zou W (2006) Regulatory T-cell compartmentalization and trafficking. Blood 108:426–431PubMedCrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Dummer R, Urosevic M, Kempf W, Hoek K, Hafner J, Burg G (2003) Imiquimod in basal cell carcinoma: how does it work? Br J Dermatol 149(Suppl 66):57–58PubMedCrossRef Dummer R, Urosevic M, Kempf W, Hoek K, Hafner J, Burg G (2003) Imiquimod in basal cell carcinoma: how does it work? Br J Dermatol 149(Suppl 66):57–58PubMedCrossRef
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Urosevic M, Maier T, Benninghoff B, Slade H, Burg G, Dummer R (2003) Mechanisms underlying imiquimod-induced regression of basal cell carcinoma in vivo. Arch Dermatol 139:1325–1332PubMedCrossRef Urosevic M, Maier T, Benninghoff B, Slade H, Burg G, Dummer R (2003) Mechanisms underlying imiquimod-induced regression of basal cell carcinoma in vivo. Arch Dermatol 139:1325–1332PubMedCrossRef
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Verhaegh M, Beljaards R, Veraart J, Hoekzema R, Neumann M (1998) Adhesion molecule expression in basal cell carcinoma. Eur J Dermatol 8:252–255PubMed Verhaegh M, Beljaards R, Veraart J, Hoekzema R, Neumann M (1998) Adhesion molecule expression in basal cell carcinoma. Eur J Dermatol 8:252–255PubMed
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Kooy AJ, Prens EP, Van Heukelum A, Vuzevski VD, Van Joost T, Tank B (1999) Interferon-gamma-induced ICAM-1 and CD40 expression, complete lack of HLA-DR and CD80 (B7.1), and inconsistent HLA-ABC expression in basal cell carcinoma: a possible role for interleukin-10? J Pathol 187:351–357PubMedCrossRef Kooy AJ, Prens EP, Van Heukelum A, Vuzevski VD, Van Joost T, Tank B (1999) Interferon-gamma-induced ICAM-1 and CD40 expression, complete lack of HLA-DR and CD80 (B7.1), and inconsistent HLA-ABC expression in basal cell carcinoma: a possible role for interleukin-10? J Pathol 187:351–357PubMedCrossRef
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Kooy AJ, Tank B, Vuzevski VD, van Joost T, Prens EP (1998) Expression of interferongamma receptors and interferon-gamma-induced up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in basal cell carcinoma; decreased expression of IFNgamma R and shedding of ICAM-1 as a means to escape immune surveillance. J Pathol 184:169–176PubMedCrossRef Kooy AJ, Tank B, Vuzevski VD, van Joost T, Prens EP (1998) Expression of interferongamma receptors and interferon-gamma-induced up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in basal cell carcinoma; decreased expression of IFNgamma R and shedding of ICAM-1 as a means to escape immune surveillance. J Pathol 184:169–176PubMedCrossRef
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Kovach BT, Stasko T (2005) Use of topical immunomodulators in organ transplant recipients. Dermatol Ther 18:19–27PubMedCrossRef Kovach BT, Stasko T (2005) Use of topical immunomodulators in organ transplant recipients. Dermatol Ther 18:19–27PubMedCrossRef
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Barnetson RS, Satchell A, Zhuang L, Slade HB, Halliday GM (2004) Imiquimod induced regression of clinically diagnosed superficial basal cell carcinoma is associated with early infiltration by CD4 T cells and dendritic cells. Clin Exp Dermatol 29:639–643PubMedCrossRef Barnetson RS, Satchell A, Zhuang L, Slade HB, Halliday GM (2004) Imiquimod induced regression of clinically diagnosed superficial basal cell carcinoma is associated with early infiltration by CD4 T cells and dendritic cells. Clin Exp Dermatol 29:639–643PubMedCrossRef
71.
Zurück zum Zitat De Giorgi V, Salvini C, Chiarugi A, Paglierani M, Maio V, Nicoletti P, Santucci M, Carli P, Massi D (2009) In vivo characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate and apoptotic status in imiquimod-treated basal cell carcinoma. Int J Dermatol 48:312–321PubMedCrossRef De Giorgi V, Salvini C, Chiarugi A, Paglierani M, Maio V, Nicoletti P, Santucci M, Carli P, Massi D (2009) In vivo characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate and apoptotic status in imiquimod-treated basal cell carcinoma. Int J Dermatol 48:312–321PubMedCrossRef
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Salasche S (2002) Imiquimod 5 % cream: a new treatment option for basal cell carcinoma. Int J Dermatol 41(Suppl 1):16–20PubMedCrossRef Salasche S (2002) Imiquimod 5 % cream: a new treatment option for basal cell carcinoma. Int J Dermatol 41(Suppl 1):16–20PubMedCrossRef
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaporis HG, Guttman-Yassky E, Lowes MA, Haider AS, Fuentes-Duculan J, Darabi K, Whynot-Ertelt J, Khatcherian A, Cardinale I, Novitskaya I, Krueger JG, Carucci JA (2007) Human basal cell carcinoma is associated with Foxp3+ T cells in a Th2 dominant microenvironment. J Invest Dermatol 127:2391–2398PubMedCrossRef Kaporis HG, Guttman-Yassky E, Lowes MA, Haider AS, Fuentes-Duculan J, Darabi K, Whynot-Ertelt J, Khatcherian A, Cardinale I, Novitskaya I, Krueger JG, Carucci JA (2007) Human basal cell carcinoma is associated with Foxp3+ T cells in a Th2 dominant microenvironment. J Invest Dermatol 127:2391–2398PubMedCrossRef
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim EJ, Hess S, Richardson SK, Newton S, Showe LC, Benoit BM, Ubriani R, Vittorio CC, Junkins-Hopkins JM, Wysocka M, Rook AH (2005) Immunopathogenesis and therapy of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. J Clin Invest 115:798–812PubMed Kim EJ, Hess S, Richardson SK, Newton S, Showe LC, Benoit BM, Ubriani R, Vittorio CC, Junkins-Hopkins JM, Wysocka M, Rook AH (2005) Immunopathogenesis and therapy of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. J Clin Invest 115:798–812PubMed
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Berger CL, Tigelaar R, Cohen J, Mariwalla K, Trinh J, Wang N, Edelson RL (2005) Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: malignant proliferation of T-regulatory cells. Blood 105:1640–1647PubMedCrossRef Berger CL, Tigelaar R, Cohen J, Mariwalla K, Trinh J, Wang N, Edelson RL (2005) Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: malignant proliferation of T-regulatory cells. Blood 105:1640–1647PubMedCrossRef
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Clark RA (2009) Regulation gone wrong: a subset of Sézary patients have malignant regulatory T cells. J Invest Dermatol 129:2747–2750PubMedCrossRef Clark RA (2009) Regulation gone wrong: a subset of Sézary patients have malignant regulatory T cells. J Invest Dermatol 129:2747–2750PubMedCrossRef
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Chong BF, Wilson AJ, Gibson HM, Hafner MS, Luo Y, Hedgcock CJ, Wong HK (2008) Immune function abnormalities in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cytokine expression differentiates stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/mycosis fungoides. Clin Cancer Res 14:646–653PubMedCrossRef Chong BF, Wilson AJ, Gibson HM, Hafner MS, Luo Y, Hedgcock CJ, Wong HK (2008) Immune function abnormalities in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cytokine expression differentiates stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/mycosis fungoides. Clin Cancer Res 14:646–653PubMedCrossRef
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Beyer M, Möbs M, Humme D, Sterry W (2011) Pathogenesis of mycosis fungoides. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 9:594–598PubMed Beyer M, Möbs M, Humme D, Sterry W (2011) Pathogenesis of mycosis fungoides. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 9:594–598PubMed
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Heid JB, Schmidt A, Oberle N, Goerdt S, Krammer PH, Suri-Payer E, Klemke CD (2009) FOXP3 + CD25- tumor cells with regulatory function in Sézary syndrome. J Invest Dermatol 129:2875–2885PubMedCrossRef Heid JB, Schmidt A, Oberle N, Goerdt S, Krammer PH, Suri-Payer E, Klemke CD (2009) FOXP3 + CD25- tumor cells with regulatory function in Sézary syndrome. J Invest Dermatol 129:2875–2885PubMedCrossRef
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Capriotti E, Vonderheid EC, Thoburn CJ, Wasik MA, Bahler DW, Hess AD (2008) Expression of T-plastin, FoxP3 and other tumor-associated markers by leukemic T-cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 49:1190–1201PubMedCrossRef Capriotti E, Vonderheid EC, Thoburn CJ, Wasik MA, Bahler DW, Hess AD (2008) Expression of T-plastin, FoxP3 and other tumor-associated markers by leukemic T-cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 49:1190–1201PubMedCrossRef
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Krejsgaard T, Gjerdrum LM, Ralfkiaer E, Lauenborg B, Eriksen KW, Mathiesen AM, Bovin LF, Gniadecki R, Geisler C, Ryder LP, Zhang Q, Wasik MA, Odum N, Woetmann (2008) A Malignant Tregs express low molecular splice forms of FOXP3 in Sézary syndrome. Leukemia 22:2230–2239PubMedCrossRef Krejsgaard T, Gjerdrum LM, Ralfkiaer E, Lauenborg B, Eriksen KW, Mathiesen AM, Bovin LF, Gniadecki R, Geisler C, Ryder LP, Zhang Q, Wasik MA, Odum N, Woetmann (2008) A Malignant Tregs express low molecular splice forms of FOXP3 in Sézary syndrome. Leukemia 22:2230–2239PubMedCrossRef
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Bouaziz JD, Remtoula N, Bensussan A, Marie-Cardine A, Bagot M (2010) Absolute CD3+ CD158k + lymphocyte count is reliable and more sensitive than cytomorphology to evaluate blood tumor burden in Sézary syndrome. Br J Dermatol 162:123–128PubMedCrossRef Bouaziz JD, Remtoula N, Bensussan A, Marie-Cardine A, Bagot M (2010) Absolute CD3+ CD158k + lymphocyte count is reliable and more sensitive than cytomorphology to evaluate blood tumor burden in Sézary syndrome. Br J Dermatol 162:123–128PubMedCrossRef
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Campbell JJ, Clark RA, Watanabe R, Kupper TS (2010) Sezary syndrome and mycosis fungoides arise from distinct T-cell subsets: a biologic rationale for their distinct clinical behaviors. Blood 116:767–771PubMedCrossRef Campbell JJ, Clark RA, Watanabe R, Kupper TS (2010) Sezary syndrome and mycosis fungoides arise from distinct T-cell subsets: a biologic rationale for their distinct clinical behaviors. Blood 116:767–771PubMedCrossRef
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Notohamiprodjo M, Segerer S, Huss R, Hildebrandt B, Soler D, Djafarzadeh R, Buck W, Nelson PJ, von Luettichau I (2005) CCR10 is expressed in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Int J Cancer 115:641–647PubMedCrossRef Notohamiprodjo M, Segerer S, Huss R, Hildebrandt B, Soler D, Djafarzadeh R, Buck W, Nelson PJ, von Luettichau I (2005) CCR10 is expressed in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Int J Cancer 115:641–647PubMedCrossRef
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Hwang ST, Janik JE, Jaffe ES, Wilson WH (2008) Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. Lancet 371:945–957PubMedCrossRef Hwang ST, Janik JE, Jaffe ES, Wilson WH (2008) Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. Lancet 371:945–957PubMedCrossRef
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Narducci MG, Scala E, Bresin A, Caprini E, Picchio MC, Remotti D, Ragone G, Nasorri F, Frontani M, Arcelli D, Volinia S, Lombardo GA, Baliva G, Napolitano M, Russo G (2006) Skin homing of Sézary cells involves SDF-1-CXCR4 signaling and down-regulation of CD26/dipeptidylpeptidase IV. Blood 107:1108–1115PubMedCrossRef Narducci MG, Scala E, Bresin A, Caprini E, Picchio MC, Remotti D, Ragone G, Nasorri F, Frontani M, Arcelli D, Volinia S, Lombardo GA, Baliva G, Napolitano M, Russo G (2006) Skin homing of Sézary cells involves SDF-1-CXCR4 signaling and down-regulation of CD26/dipeptidylpeptidase IV. Blood 107:1108–1115PubMedCrossRef
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu XS, Lonsdorf AS, Hwang ST (2009) Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: roles for chemokines and chemokine receptors. J Invest Dermatol 129:1115–1119PubMedCrossRef Wu XS, Lonsdorf AS, Hwang ST (2009) Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: roles for chemokines and chemokine receptors. J Invest Dermatol 129:1115–1119PubMedCrossRef
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Capriotti E, Vonderheid EC, Thoburn CJ, Bright EC, Hess AD (2007) Chemokine receptor expression by leukemic T cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: clinical and histopathological correlations. J Invest Dermatol 127:2882–2892PubMedCrossRef Capriotti E, Vonderheid EC, Thoburn CJ, Bright EC, Hess AD (2007) Chemokine receptor expression by leukemic T cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: clinical and histopathological correlations. J Invest Dermatol 127:2882–2892PubMedCrossRef
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Sokolowska-Wojdylo M, Wenzel J, Gaffal E, Lenz J, Speuser P, Erdmann S, Abuzahra F, Bowman E, Roszkiewicz J, Bieber T, Tüting T (2005) Circulating clonal CLA(+) and CD4(+) T cells in Sezary syndrome express the skin-homing chemokine receptors CCR4 and CCR10 as well as the lymph node-homing chemokine receptor CCR7. Br J Dermatol 152:258–264PubMedCrossRef Sokolowska-Wojdylo M, Wenzel J, Gaffal E, Lenz J, Speuser P, Erdmann S, Abuzahra F, Bowman E, Roszkiewicz J, Bieber T, Tüting T (2005) Circulating clonal CLA(+) and CD4(+) T cells in Sezary syndrome express the skin-homing chemokine receptors CCR4 and CCR10 as well as the lymph node-homing chemokine receptor CCR7. Br J Dermatol 152:258–264PubMedCrossRef
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Drillenburg P, Pals ST (2000) Cell adhesion receptors in lymphoma dissemination. Blood 95:1900–1910PubMed Drillenburg P, Pals ST (2000) Cell adhesion receptors in lymphoma dissemination. Blood 95:1900–1910PubMed
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Borowitz MJ, Weidner A, Olsen EA, Picker LJ (1993) Abnormalities of circulating T-cell subpopulations in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen expression on T cells correlates with extent of disease. Leukemia 7:859–863PubMed Borowitz MJ, Weidner A, Olsen EA, Picker LJ (1993) Abnormalities of circulating T-cell subpopulations in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen expression on T cells correlates with extent of disease. Leukemia 7:859–863PubMed
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Heald PW, Yan SL, Edelson RL, Tigelaar R, Picker LJ (1993) Skin-selective lymphocyte homing mechanisms in the pathogenesis of leukemic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 101:222–226PubMedCrossRef Heald PW, Yan SL, Edelson RL, Tigelaar R, Picker LJ (1993) Skin-selective lymphocyte homing mechanisms in the pathogenesis of leukemic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 101:222–226PubMedCrossRef
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Chong BF, Murphy JE, Kupper TS, Fuhlbrigge RC (2004) E-selectin, thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 are constitutively coexpressed in dermal microvessels: a foundation for a cutaneous immunosurveillance system. J Immunol 172:1575–1581PubMed Chong BF, Murphy JE, Kupper TS, Fuhlbrigge RC (2004) E-selectin, thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 are constitutively coexpressed in dermal microvessels: a foundation for a cutaneous immunosurveillance system. J Immunol 172:1575–1581PubMed
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoeller C, Richardson SK, Ng LG, Valero T, Wysocka M, Rook AH, Weninger W (2009) In vivo imaging of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma migration to the skin. Cancer Res 69:2704–2708PubMedCrossRef Hoeller C, Richardson SK, Ng LG, Valero T, Wysocka M, Rook AH, Weninger W (2009) In vivo imaging of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma migration to the skin. Cancer Res 69:2704–2708PubMedCrossRef
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu CS, Wang ST, Liao CY, Wu MT (2008) Differential CCR4 expression and function in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cell lines. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 24:577–590PubMedCrossRef Wu CS, Wang ST, Liao CY, Wu MT (2008) Differential CCR4 expression and function in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cell lines. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 24:577–590PubMedCrossRef
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Santamaria-Babí LF (2004) CLA(+) T cells in cutaneous diseases. Eur J Dermatol 14:13–18PubMed Santamaria-Babí LF (2004) CLA(+) T cells in cutaneous diseases. Eur J Dermatol 14:13–18PubMed
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Saeki H, Tamaki K (2006) Thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17 and skin diseases. J Dermatol Sci 43:75–84PubMedCrossRef Saeki H, Tamaki K (2006) Thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17 and skin diseases. J Dermatol Sci 43:75–84PubMedCrossRef
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Yagi H, Seo N, Ohshima A, Itoh T, Itoh N, Horibe T, Yoshinari Y, Takigawa M, Hashizume H (2006) Chemokine receptor expression in cutaneous T cell and NK/T-cell lymphomas: immunohistochemical staining and in vitro chemotactic assay. Am J Surg Pathol 30:1111–1119PubMed Yagi H, Seo N, Ohshima A, Itoh T, Itoh N, Horibe T, Yoshinari Y, Takigawa M, Hashizume H (2006) Chemokine receptor expression in cutaneous T cell and NK/T-cell lymphomas: immunohistochemical staining and in vitro chemotactic assay. Am J Surg Pathol 30:1111–1119PubMed
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Kakinuma T, Sugaya M, Nakamura K, Kaneko F, Wakugawa M, Matsushima K, Tamaki K (2003) Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) in mycosis fungoides: serum TARC levels reflect the disease activity of mycosis fungoides. J Am Acad Dermatol 48:23–30PubMedCrossRef Kakinuma T, Sugaya M, Nakamura K, Kaneko F, Wakugawa M, Matsushima K, Tamaki K (2003) Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) in mycosis fungoides: serum TARC levels reflect the disease activity of mycosis fungoides. J Am Acad Dermatol 48:23–30PubMedCrossRef
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Ferenczi K, Fuhlbrigge RC, Pinkus J, Pinkus GS, Kupper TS (2002) Increased CCR4 expression in cutaneous T cell lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 119:1405–1410PubMedCrossRef Ferenczi K, Fuhlbrigge RC, Pinkus J, Pinkus GS, Kupper TS (2002) Increased CCR4 expression in cutaneous T cell lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 119:1405–1410PubMedCrossRef
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Fierro MT, Comessatti A, Quaglino P, Ortoncelli M, Osella Abate S, Ponti R, Novelli M, Bernengo MG (2006) Expression pattern of chemokine receptors and chemokine release in inflammatory erythroderma and Sézary syndrome. Dermatology 213:284–292PubMedCrossRef Fierro MT, Comessatti A, Quaglino P, Ortoncelli M, Osella Abate S, Ponti R, Novelli M, Bernengo MG (2006) Expression pattern of chemokine receptors and chemokine release in inflammatory erythroderma and Sézary syndrome. Dermatology 213:284–292PubMedCrossRef
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Kagami S, Sugaya M, Minatani Y, Ohmatsu H, Kakinuma T, Fujita H, Tamaki K (2006) Elevated serum CTACK/CCL27 levels in CTCL. J Invest Dermatol 126:1189–1191PubMedCrossRef Kagami S, Sugaya M, Minatani Y, Ohmatsu H, Kakinuma T, Fujita H, Tamaki K (2006) Elevated serum CTACK/CCL27 levels in CTCL. J Invest Dermatol 126:1189–1191PubMedCrossRef
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Fujita Y, Abe R, Sasaki M, Honda A, Furuichi M, Asano Y, Norisugi O, Shimizu T, Shimizu H (2006) Presence of circulating CCR10+ T cells and elevated serum CTACK/CCL27 in the early stage of mycosis fungoides. Clin Cancer Res 12:2670–2675PubMedCrossRef Fujita Y, Abe R, Sasaki M, Honda A, Furuichi M, Asano Y, Norisugi O, Shimizu T, Shimizu H (2006) Presence of circulating CCR10+ T cells and elevated serum CTACK/CCL27 in the early stage of mycosis fungoides. Clin Cancer Res 12:2670–2675PubMedCrossRef
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu D, Duvic M, Medeiros LJ, Luthra R, Dorfman DM, Jones D (2001) The T-cell chemokine receptor CXCR3 is expressed highly in low-grade mycosis fungoides. Am J Clin Pathol 115:413–421PubMedCrossRef Lu D, Duvic M, Medeiros LJ, Luthra R, Dorfman DM, Jones D (2001) The T-cell chemokine receptor CXCR3 is expressed highly in low-grade mycosis fungoides. Am J Clin Pathol 115:413–421PubMedCrossRef
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Kallinich T, Muche JM, Qin S, Sterry W, Audring H, Kroczek RA (2003) Chemokine receptor expression on neoplastic and reactive T cells in the skin at different stages of mycosis fungoides. J Invest Dermatol 121:1045–1052PubMedCrossRef Kallinich T, Muche JM, Qin S, Sterry W, Audring H, Kroczek RA (2003) Chemokine receptor expression on neoplastic and reactive T cells in the skin at different stages of mycosis fungoides. J Invest Dermatol 121:1045–1052PubMedCrossRef
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Yamaguchi T, Ohshima K, Tsuchiya T, Suehuji H, Karube K, Nakayama J, Suzumiya J, Yoshino T, Kikuchi M (2003) The comparison of expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), and Th1- and Th2- associated antigens in mycosis fungoides and cutaneous lesions of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Eur J Dermatol 13:553–559PubMed Yamaguchi T, Ohshima K, Tsuchiya T, Suehuji H, Karube K, Nakayama J, Suzumiya J, Yoshino T, Kikuchi M (2003) The comparison of expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), and Th1- and Th2- associated antigens in mycosis fungoides and cutaneous lesions of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Eur J Dermatol 13:553–559PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Tissue-Specific Homing of Immune Cells in Malignant Skin Tumors
verfasst von
Hajnalka Jókai
Márta Marschalkó
Judit Csomor
József Szakonyi
Orsolya Kontár
Gábor Barna
Sarolta Kárpáti
Péter Holló
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2012
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Pathology & Oncology Research / Ausgabe 4/2012
Print ISSN: 1219-4956
Elektronische ISSN: 1532-2807
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-012-9529-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2012

Pathology & Oncology Research 4/2012 Zur Ausgabe

Erhöhte Mortalität bei postpartalem Brustkrebs

07.05.2024 Mammakarzinom Nachrichten

Auch für Trägerinnen von BRCA-Varianten gilt: Erkranken sie fünf bis zehn Jahre nach der letzten Schwangerschaft an Brustkrebs, ist das Sterberisiko besonders hoch.

Hypertherme Chemotherapie bietet Chance auf Blasenerhalt

07.05.2024 Harnblasenkarzinom Nachrichten

Eine hypertherme intravesikale Chemotherapie mit Mitomycin kann für Patienten mit hochriskantem nicht muskelinvasivem Blasenkrebs eine Alternative zur radikalen Zystektomie darstellen. Kölner Urologen berichten über ihre Erfahrungen.

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

07.05.2024 Medizinstudium Nachrichten

Extreme Arbeitsverdichtung und kaum Supervision: Dr. Andrea Martini, Sprecherin des Bündnisses Junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte (BJÄ) über den Frust des ärztlichen Nachwuchses und die Vorteile des Rucksack-Modells.

Bessere Prognose mit links- statt rechtsseitigem Kolon-Ca.

06.05.2024 Kolonkarzinom Nachrichten

Menschen mit linksseitigem Kolonkarzinom leben im Mittel zweieinhalb Jahre länger als solche mit rechtsseitigem Tumor. Auch aktuell ist das Sterberisiko bei linksseitigen Tumoren US-Daten zufolge etwa um 11% geringer als bei rechtsseitigen.

Update Onkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.