Background
Materials and methods
Data source
Incident cases no. *102 (95% UI) | Change in absolute number (%) | ASIR per 100,000 No. (95% UI) | 1990–2017 EAPCs No. (95% CI) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2017 | 1990 | 2017 | |||
Overall | 317.52 (295.9–340.66) | 341.79 (315.16–367.14) | 7.64 | 0.75 (0.71–0.8) | 0.43 (0.4–0.46) | -2.4 (− 2.53 to − 2.26) |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 165.57 (153.46–177.23) | 191.45 (173.2–208.22) | 15.64 | 0.86 (0.8–0.92) | 0.52 (0.47–0.57) | − 2.17 (− 2.29 to − 2.05) |
Female | 151.96 (135.82–171.91) | 150.33 (130.96–170.43) | − 1.07 | 0.67 (0.61–0.75) | 0.36 (0.31–0.41) | − 2.7 (− 2.85 to − 2.55) |
Socio- demographic index | ||||||
High SDI | 163.42 (157.15–169.51) | 106.4 (100.95–112.18) | − 34.89 | 1.34 (1.29–1.38) | 0.53 (0.51–0.56) | − 4 (− 4.23 to − 3.78) |
High-middle SDI | 49.58 (43.76–55.26) | 57.35 (52.42–62.39) | 15.69 | 0.49 (0.43–0.54) | 0.33 (0.3–0.36) | − 1.77 (− 1.95 to − 1.6) |
Middle SDI | 38.31 (34.17–44.49) | 67.71 (58.04–72.69) | 76.73 | 0.33 (0.3–0.39) | 0.3 (0.26–0.32) | − 0.56 (− 0.66 to − 0.45) |
Low-middle SDI | 32.8 (28.42–41.59) | 56.67 (49.19–65.98) | 72.79 | 0.48 (0.42–0.61) | 0.43 (0.37–0.5) | − 0.48 (− 0.6 to − 0.36) |
Low SDI | 32.8 (25.9–41.69) | 52.85 (44.44–59.95) | 61.14 | 0.81 (0.67–1.01) | 0.65 (0.55–0.74) | − 0.93 (− 0.97 to − 0.88) |
Region | ||||||
Andean Latin America | 0.87 (0.73–1) | 2.08 (1.69–2.39) | 138.66 | 0.34 (0.28–0.38) | 0.36 (0.29–0.42) | 0.46 (0.32–0.6) |
Australasia | 3.87 (3.36–4.44) | 3.58 (2.95–4.32) | − 7.43 | 1.64 (1.43–1.87) | 0.83 (0.68–1) | − 3.35 (− 3.66 to − 3.03) |
Caribbean | 2.64 (2.41–2.91) | 3.07 (2.73–3.48) | 16.28 | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) | 0.61 (0.54–0.69) | − 1.7 (− 1.84 to − 1.57) |
Central Asia | 2.52 (2.16–2.88) | 2.74 (2.41–3.07) | 8.73 | 0.45 (0.39–0.51) | 0.32 (0.28–0.36) | − 1.34 (− 1.57 to − 1.11) |
Central Europe | 11.11 (10.48–11.77) | 6.82 (6.42–7.27) | − 38.62 | 0.77 (0.73–0.82) | 0.37 (0.35–0.4) | − 2.87 (− 3.14 to − 2.6) |
Central Latin America | 6.98 (6.69–7.4) | 11.96 (11.22–12.85) | 71.35 | 0.66 (0.64–0.7) | 0.49 (0.46–0.53) | − 1.47 (− 1.7 to − 1.23) |
Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 1.49 (0.99–1.92) | 3.61 (2.64–4.51) | 142.15 | 0.51 (0.35–0.64) | 0.57 (0.42–0.72) | 0.58 (0.47 to 0.69) |
East Asia | 22.64 (17.43–28.02) | 32.71 (27.97–37.64) | 44.49 | 0.19 (0.16–0.24) | 0.17 (0.15–0.19) | − 0.99 (− 1.21 to − 0.76) |
Eastern Europe | 18.01 (15.98–20.72) | 18.51 (16.46–20.67) | 2.77 | 0.66 (0.59–0.75) | 0.61 (0.54–0.69) | − 0.55 (− 0.86 to − 0.25) |
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 11.1 (8.15–15.09) | 16.39 (12.56–19.89) | 47.6 | 1.11 (0.86–1.49) | 0.81 (0.63–0.98) | − 1.41 (− 1.51 to − 1.31) |
High-income Asia Pacific | 17.08 (15.68–18.57) | 12.81 (11.33–14.46) | − 25.03 | 0.87 (0.79–0.94) | 0.39 (0.34–0.44) | − 3.2 (− 3.37 to − 3.02) |
High-income North America | 34.1 (32.98–35.37) | 20.55 (19.44–21.81) | − 39.75 | 1.02 (0.98–1.06) | 0.4 (0.37–0.43) | − 4.28 (− 4.66 to − 3.9) |
North Africa and Middle East | 11.85 (8.69–14.29) | 18.32 (15.18–21.5) | 54.62 | 0.57 (0.42–0.69) | 0.38 (0.32–0.44) | − 1.59 (− 1.67 to − 1.52) |
Oceania | 0.33 (0.25–0.44) | 0.55 (0.41–0.78) | 67.15 | 0.78 (0.6–1) | 0.59 (0.45–0.79) | − 1.06 (− 1.09 to − 1.03) |
South Asia | 44.97 (38.05–55.49) | 80.44 (69.27–91.61) | 78.87 | 0.64 (0.55–0.79) | 0.56 (0.48–0.63) | − 0.58 (− 0.68 to − 0.48) |
Southeast Asia | 12.41 (10.18–17.69) | 25.17 (19.85–29.4) | 102.88 | 0.39 (0.33–0.57) | 0.4 (0.31–0.46) | 0.05 (− 0.08 to 0.17) |
Southern Latin America | 3.77 (3.47–4.09) | 3 (2.69–3.35) | − 20.44 | 0.8 (0.73–0.87) | 0.38 (0.34–0.43) | − 3.29 (− 3.71 to − 2.88) |
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 0.33 (0.25–0.42) | 0.48 (0.36–0.6) | 46.63 | 0.1 (0.07–0.12) | 0.08 (0.06–0.09) | − 0.77 (− 1.37 to − 0.16) |
Tropical Latin America | 7.2 (6.88–7.55) | 7.65 (7.26–8.15) | 6.36 | 0.65 (0.62–0.68) | 0.33 (0.31–0.35) | − 2.93 (− 3.34 to − 2.53) |
Western Europe | 99.5 (94.04–104.66) | 61.62 (56.85–66.77) | − 38.07 | 1.78 (1.69–1.87) | 0.69 (0.64–0.75) | − 4.12 (− 4.34 to − 3.89) |
Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 4.74 (3.75–5.92) | 9.72 (7.87–12.33) | 105.04 | 0.43 (0.34–0.54) | 0.42 (0.33–0.52) | − 0.13 (− 0.16 to − 0.11) |
Death cases no. *102 (95% UI) | Change in absolute number (%) | ASDR per 100,000 No. (95% UI) | 1990–2017 EAPCs No. (95% CI) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2017 | 1990 | 2017 | |||
Overall | 241.98 (226.32–261.08) | 240.54 (222.33–260.72) | − 0.59 | 0.59 (0.56–0.63) | 0.31 (0.28–0.33) | − 2.76 (− 2.89 to − 2.63) |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 125.44 (116.35–134.96) | 129.15 (116.44–140.91) | 2.96 | 0.69 (0.65–0.74) | 0.36 (0.33–0.39) | − 2.66 (− 2.78 to − 2.53) |
Female | 116.54 (104.35–134.27) | 111.39 (96.83–127.32) | − 4.42 | 0.53 (0.48–0.6) | 0.26 (0.23–0.3) | − 2.9 (− 3.03 to − 2.76) |
Socio-demographic index | ||||||
High SDI | 115.87 (112.65–119.04) | 70.66 (67.96–73.85) | − 39.02 | 0.92 (0.9–0.95) | 0.31 (0.3–0.32) | − 4.58 (− 4.8 to − 4.36) |
High-middle SDI | 39.35 (35.19–43.45) | 33.92 (31.8–37.07) | − 13.79 | 0.4 (0.36–0.44) | 0.2 (0.18–0.21) | − 3.04 (− 3.27 to − 2.8) |
Middle SDI | 30.18 (27.14–35.29) | 45.79 (39.63–49.07) | 51.72 | 0.29 (0.26–0.33) | 0.21 (0.18–0.23) | − 1.29 (− 1.39 to − 1.19) |
Low-middle SDI | 27.62 (24.17–34.96) | 45.12 (39.06–52.46) | 63.38 | 0.44 (0.39–0.56) | 0.37 (0.32–0.43) | − 0.71 (− 0.82 to − 0.6) |
Low SDI | 28.54 (23.03–35.73) | 44.67 (37.71–50.65) | 56.53 | 0.77 (0.64–0.95) | 0.6 (0.5–0.68) | − 1.03 (− 1.07 to − 0.98) |
Region | ||||||
Andean Latin America | 0.7 (0.59–0.81) | 1.46 (1.19–1.64) | 107.23 | 0.29 (0.25–0.33) | 0.26 (0.21–0.29) | − 0.29 (− 0.42 to − 0.15) |
Australasia | 2.86 (2.74–3) | 2.13 (1.89–2.43) | − 25.51 | 1.21 (1.15–1.26) | 0.44 (0.39–0.5) | − 4.6 (− 4.88 to − 4.32) |
Caribbean | 2.23 (2.05–2.44) | 2.45 (2.21–2.73) | 9.81 | 0.81 (0.75–0.89) | 0.48 (0.44–0.54) | − 2.04 (− 2.2 to − 1.87) |
Central Asia | 2.01 (1.72–2.29) | 1.98 (1.75–2.2) | − 1.78 | 0.37 (0.32–0.43) | 0.25 (0.22–0.27) | − 1.67 (− 1.86 to − 1.47) |
Central Europe | 9.76 (9.26–10.31) | 6.42 (6.06–6.83) | − 34.21 | 0.67 (0.63–0.7) | 0.31 (0.29–0.33) | − 3.07 (− 3.29 to − 2.86) |
Central Latin America | 5.57 (5.36–5.82) | 8.55 (8.06–9.03) | 53.44 | 0.57 (0.55–0.6) | 0.36 (0.34–0.38) | − 2.02 (− 2.22 to − 1.83) |
Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 1.28 (0.87–1.62) | 3.02 (2.21–3.75) | 135.58 | 0.49 (0.34–0.61) | 0.54 (0.39–0.67) | 0.55 (0.45 to 0.65) |
East Asia | 14.93 (11.9–18.59) | 11.79 (9.94–13.91) | − 21.05 | 0.14 (0.11–0.17) | 0.06 (0.05–0.07) | − 3.56 (− 3.81 to − 3.3) |
Eastern Europe | 14.8 (13.44–16.76) | 12.37 (11.71–13.09) | − 16.39 | 0.53 (0.48–0.6) | 0.38 (0.36–0.4) | − 1.59 (− 1.95 to − 1.22) |
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 9.74 (7.34–13.08) | 13.98 (10.71–16.95) | 43.43 | 1.06 (0.83–1.41) | 0.77 (0.59–0.94) | − 1.4 (− 1.5 to − 1.3) |
High-income Asia Pacific | 10.33 (9.96–10.73) | 6.01 (5.64–6.4) | − 41.8 | 0.52 (0.5–0.54) | 0.14 (0.13–0.15) | − 5.12 (− 5.31 to − 4.94) |
High-income North America | 28.39 (27.68–29.2) | 15.6 (14.97–16.43) | − 45.05 | 0.81 (0.79–0.83) | 0.26 (0.25–0.27) | − 5.06 (− 5.49 to − 4.62) |
North Africa and Middle East | 9.66 (7.03–11.7) | 12.32 (10.13–14.35) | 27.53 | 0.51 (0.37–0.62) | 0.28 (0.23–0.32) | − 2.26 (− 2.34 to − 2.19) |
Oceania | 0.26 (0.2–0.34) | 0.41 (0.31–0.56) | 56.59 | 0.66 (0.52–0.84) | 0.47 (0.37–0.62) | − 1.27 (− 1.33 to − 1.21) |
South Asia | 38.65 (32.95–47.99) | 66.6 (57.12–76.5) | 72.32 | 0.6 (0.51–0.76) | 0.49 (0.43–0.57) | − 0.8 (− 0.9 to − 0.71) |
Southeast Asia | 9.92 (8.24–14.64) | 16.51 (13.01–19.91) | 66.46 | 0.34 (0.29–0.5) | 0.28 (0.22–0.33) | − 0.74 (− 0.88 to − 0.61) |
Southern Latin America | 3.21 (2.96–3.47) | 2.29 (2.05–2.52) | − 28.84 | 0.69 (0.63–0.74) | 0.28 (0.25–0.31) | − 3.87 (− 4.28 to − 3.46) |
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 0.27 (0.2–0.33) | 0.37 (0.28–0.46) | 40.37 | 0.08 (0.06–0.1) | 0.06 (0.05–0.08) | − 0.87 (− 1.44 to − 0.3) |
Tropical Latin America | 5.8 (5.58–6.04) | 5.97 (5.73–6.29) | 2.84 | 0.56 (0.54–0.59) | 0.26 (0.25–0.28) | − 3.23 (− 3.59 to − 2.87) |
Western Europe | 67.54 (64.82–70.15) | 42.45 (40.25–44.87) | − 37.16 | 1.17 (1.13–1.21) | 0.44 (0.41–0.46) | − 4.16 (− 4.4 to − 3.92) |
Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 4.05 (3.17–5.07) | 7.87 (6.28–9.9) | 94.46 | 0.4 (0.31–0.5) | 0.37 (0.3–0.47) | − 0.21 (− 0.23 to − 0.19) |
DALYs No. *103 (95% UI) | Change in absolute number (%) | Age-standardized DALY rate per 100,000 no. (95% UI) | 1990–2017 EAPCs No. (95% CI) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2017 | 1990 | 2017 | |||
Overall | 734.92 (666.26–806.31) | 654.98 (594.73–712.95) | − 10.88 | 15.96 (14.6–17.44) | 8.17 (7.42–8.88) | − 2.84 (− 2.98 to − 2.69) |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 382.94 (349.15–415.35) | 347.24 (308.67–383.12) | − 9.32 | 17.48 (16.08–18.92) | 9 (8.01–9.9) | − 2.79 (− 2.93 to − 2.65) |
Female | 351.99 (299.2–414.08) | 307.74 (258.51–357.55) | − 12.57 | 14.78 (12.72–17.36) | 7.48 (6.27–8.68) | − 2.89 (− 3.04 to − 2.75) |
Socio-demographic index | ||||||
High SDI | 286.21 (278.31–294.78) | 125.91 (121.16–131.32) | − 56.01 | 24.23 (23.53–24.96) | 6.81 (6.57–7.08) | − 5.34 (− 5.6 to − 5.08) |
High-middle SDI | 129.2 (112.36–144.95) | 91.51 (85–100.26) | − 29.17 | 12.17 (10.67–13.57) | 5.26 (4.9–5.76) | − 3.58 (− 3.84 to − 3.32) |
Middle SDI | 110.8 (96.98–129.21) | 137.8 (120.1–148.24) | 24.37 | 8.68 (7.68–10.09) | 6.03 (5.25–6.47) | − 1.6 (− 1.73 to − 1.48) |
Low-middle SDI | 100.72 (86–128.82) | 146.73 (127.78–171.91) | 45.68 | 13.25 (11.49–16.8) | 10.33 (8.95–12.07) | − 1 (− 1.14 to − 0.87) |
Low SDI | 106.41 (82.75–137.73) | 151.91 (126.85–172.16) | 42.76 | 23.14 (18.45–29.19) | 16.71 (14.03–18.84) | − 1.35 (− 1.42 to − 1.28) |
Region | ||||||
Andean Latin America | 2.58 (2.16–2.98) | 4.49 (3.61–5.14) | 73.96 | 9.01 (7.53–10.28) | 7.68 (6.21–8.76) | − 0.45 (− 0.59 to − 0.32) |
Australasia | 6.8 (6.49–7.13) | 4.02 (3.54–4.58) | − 40.85 | 29.19 (27.86–30.62) | 9.87 (8.64–11.2) | − 4.84 (− 5.13 to − 4.54) |
Caribbean | 6.72 (6.12–7.52) | 6.66 (5.9–7.62) | − 0.77 | 22.56 (20.54–25.15) | 13.28 (11.77–15.18) | − 2.11 (− 2.28 to − 1.93) |
Central Asia | 7.39 (6.31–8.47) | 6.69 (5.93–7.44) | − 9.46 | 12.76 (10.93–14.6) | 7.62 (6.77–8.45) | − 2.08 (− 2.32 to − 1.84) |
Central Europe | 27.55 (26.09–29.01) | 13.52 (12.8–14.32) | − 50.92 | 19.12 (18.14–20.16) | 7.53 (7.14–7.98) | − 3.76 (− 3.97 to − 3.55) |
Central Latin America | 19.46 (18.71–20.35) | 24.79 (23.35–26.32) | 27.39 | 16.88 (16.22–17.64) | 9.98 (9.41–10.58) | − 2.34 (− 2.55 to − 2.13) |
Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 4.86 (3.14–6.32) | 11.01 (7.99–13.7) | 126.38 | 14.47 (9.83–18.41) | 14.97 (10.91–18.55) | 0.26 (0.16 to 0.36) |
East Asia | 62.56 (46.66–79.09) | 36.19 (30.76–43.35) | − 42.15 | 5.02 (3.85–6.27) | 1.9 (1.63–2.27) | − 4.37 (− 4.73 to − 4.02) |
Eastern Europe | 44.34 (40.1–50.69) | 32.48 (30.66–34.41) | − 26.74 | 16.35 (14.87–18.62) | 10.85 (10.26–11.55) | − 2.04 (− 2.47 to − 1.61) |
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 37.33 (26.7–51.97) | 51.15 (39.01–62.33) | 37.04 | 32.79 (24.4–43.98) | 21.72 (16.64–26.33) | − 1.82 (− 1.95 to − 1.69) |
High-income Asia Pacific | 34.19 (32.85–35.83) | 11.61 (10.84–12.33) | − 66.04 | 17.16 (16.47–18.02) | 3.85 (3.59–4.12) | − 5.94 (− 6.17 to − 5.72) |
High-income North America | 73.89 (71.98–76.1) | 31.36 (29.89–33.21) | − 57.56 | 22.53 (21.93–23.2) | 6.14 (5.82–6.5) | − 5.78 (− 6.24 to − 5.33) |
North Africa and Middle East | 33.74 (24.28–41.55) | 39.69 (32.3–47.11) | 17.63 | 14.58 (10.63–17.84) | 7.66 (6.27–9) | − 2.49 (− 2.56 to − 2.41) |
Oceania | 1.06 (0.79–1.44) | 1.65 (1.2–2.34) | 55.08 | 23.03 (17.52–30.17) | 16.36 (12.26–22.41) | − 1.29 (− 1.36 to − 1.23) |
South Asia | 140.17 (116.31–172.87) | 207.79 (180.43–239.39) | 48.24 | 17.35 (14.7–21.55) | 13.25 (11.44–15.19) | − 1.08 (− 1.19 to − 0.96) |
Southeast Asia | 36.28 (28.98–52.09) | 52.2 (41.39–62.2) | 43.89 | 10.3 (8.45–15) | 7.87 (6.24–9.39) | − 1.02 (− 1.16 to − 0.87) |
Southern Latin America | 9.22 (8.5–9.93) | 5.36 (4.81–5.91) | − 41.85 | 19.28 (17.79–20.78) | 7 (6.27–7.73) | − 4.32 (− 4.73 to − 3.91) |
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 0.98 (0.73–1.19) | 1.26 (0.93–1.57) | 29.18 | 2.63 (1.96–3.24) | 1.88 (1.39–2.3) | − 1.15 (− 1.8 to − 0.49) |
Tropical Latin America | 20.5 (19.63–21.45) | 15.79 (15.04–16.59) | − 22.97 | 16.99 (16.31–17.74) | 6.64 (6.33–6.97) | − 3.92 (− 4.32 to − 3.52) |
Western Europe | 150.45 (144.73–156.46) | 68.46 (64.8–72.73) | − 54.49 | 28.93 (27.85–30.07) | 8.84 (8.39–9.38) | − 4.97 (− 5.25 to − 4.69) |
Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 14.87 (11.7–18.64) | 28.79 (23.26–37.07) | 93.7 | 12.23 (9.58–15.37) | 10.82 (8.63–13.73) | − 0.51 (− 0.55 to − 0.47) |