Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Urban Health 1/2014

01.02.2014

Trends in Socioeconomic Inequalities in Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in Small Areas of Nine Spanish Cities from 1996 to 2007 Using Smoothed ANOVA

verfasst von: Marc Marí-Dell’Olmo, Mercè Gotsens, Carme Borrell, Miguel A. Martinez-Beneito, Laia Palència, Glòria Pérez, Lluís Cirera, Antonio Daponte, Felicitas Domínguez-Berjón, Santiago Esnaola, Ana Gandarillas, Pedro Lorenzo, Carmen Martos, Andreu Nolasco, Maica Rodríguez-Sanz

Erschienen in: Journal of Urban Health | Ausgabe 1/2014

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of socioeconomic inequalities in mortality due to ischemic heart diseases (IHD) in the census tracts of nine Spanish cities between the periods 1996–2001 and 2002–2007. Among women, there are socioeconomic inequalities in IHD mortality in the first period which tended to remain stable or even increase in the second period in most of the cities. Among men, in general, no socioeconomic inequalities have been detected for this cause in either of the periods. These results highlight the importance of intra-urban inequalities in mortality due to IHD and their evolution over time.
Anhänge
Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat World Health Organization. The global burden of disease: 2004 update. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2008. World Health Organization. The global burden of disease: 2004 update. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2008.
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Levi F, Chatenoud L, Bertuccio P, Lucchini F, Negri E, La Vecchia C. Mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Europe and other areas of the world: an update. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2009; 16(3): 333–350.PubMedCrossRef Levi F, Chatenoud L, Bertuccio P, Lucchini F, Negri E, La Vecchia C. Mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Europe and other areas of the world: an update. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2009; 16(3): 333–350.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Harper S, Lynch J, Smith GD. Social determinants and the decline of cardiovascular diseases: understanding the links. Annu Rev Public Health. 2011; 32: 39–69.PubMedCrossRef Harper S, Lynch J, Smith GD. Social determinants and the decline of cardiovascular diseases: understanding the links. Annu Rev Public Health. 2011; 32: 39–69.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan GA, Keil JE. Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature. Circulation. 1993; 88(4 Pt 1): 1973–1998.PubMedCrossRef Kaplan GA, Keil JE. Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature. Circulation. 1993; 88(4 Pt 1): 1973–1998.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Gonzalez MA, Rodriguez Artalejo F, Calero JR. Relationship between socioeconomic status and ischaemic heart disease in cohort and case–control studies: 1960–1993. Int J Epidemiol. 1998; 27(3): 350–358.PubMedCrossRef Gonzalez MA, Rodriguez Artalejo F, Calero JR. Relationship between socioeconomic status and ischaemic heart disease in cohort and case–control studies: 1960–1993. Int J Epidemiol. 1998; 27(3): 350–358.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Kunst AE, Groenhof F, Andersen O, et al. Occupational class and ischemic heart disease mortality in the United States and 11 European countries. Am J Public Health. 1999; 89(1): 47–53.PubMedCrossRef Kunst AE, Groenhof F, Andersen O, et al. Occupational class and ischemic heart disease mortality in the United States and 11 European countries. Am J Public Health. 1999; 89(1): 47–53.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Lostao L, Regidor E, Aiach P, Dominguez V. Social inequalities in ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease mortality in men in Spain and France, 1988–1990. Gac Sanit. 2000; 14(4): 264–267.PubMedCrossRef Lostao L, Regidor E, Aiach P, Dominguez V. Social inequalities in ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease mortality in men in Spain and France, 1988–1990. Gac Sanit. 2000; 14(4): 264–267.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Mackenbach JP, Cavelaars AE, Kunst AE, Groenhof F. Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality; an international study. Eur Heart J. 2000; 21(14): 1141–1151.PubMedCrossRef Mackenbach JP, Cavelaars AE, Kunst AE, Groenhof F. Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality; an international study. Eur Heart J. 2000; 21(14): 1141–1151.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Suadicani P, Hein HO, Gyntelberg F. Socioeconomic status and ischaemic heart disease mortality in middle-aged men: importance of the duration of follow-up. The Copenhagen Male Study. Int J Epidemiol. 2001; 30(2): 248–255.PubMedCrossRef Suadicani P, Hein HO, Gyntelberg F. Socioeconomic status and ischaemic heart disease mortality in middle-aged men: importance of the duration of follow-up. The Copenhagen Male Study. Int J Epidemiol. 2001; 30(2): 248–255.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Thurston RC, Kubzansky LD, Kawachi I, Berkman LF. Is the association between socioeconomic position and coronary heart disease stronger in women than in men? Am J Epidemiol. 2005; 162(1): 57–65.PubMedCrossRef Thurston RC, Kubzansky LD, Kawachi I, Berkman LF. Is the association between socioeconomic position and coronary heart disease stronger in women than in men? Am J Epidemiol. 2005; 162(1): 57–65.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Lynch J, Davey Smith G, Harper S, Bainbridge K. Explaining the social gradient in coronary heart disease: comparing relative and absolute risk approaches. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006; 60(5): 436–441.PubMedCrossRef Lynch J, Davey Smith G, Harper S, Bainbridge K. Explaining the social gradient in coronary heart disease: comparing relative and absolute risk approaches. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006; 60(5): 436–441.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Avendano M, Kunst AE, Huisman M, et al. Socioeconomic status and ischaemic heart disease mortality in 10 western European populations during the 1990s. Heart. 2006; 92(4): 461–467.PubMedCrossRef Avendano M, Kunst AE, Huisman M, et al. Socioeconomic status and ischaemic heart disease mortality in 10 western European populations during the 1990s. Heart. 2006; 92(4): 461–467.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Mackenbach JP, Stirbu I, Roskam AJ, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in health in 22 European countries. N Engl J Med. 2008; 358(23): 2468–2481.PubMedCrossRef Mackenbach JP, Stirbu I, Roskam AJ, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in health in 22 European countries. N Engl J Med. 2008; 358(23): 2468–2481.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Chaix B. Geographic life environments and coronary heart disease: a literature review, theoretical contributions, methodological updates, and a research agenda. Annu Rev Public Health. 2009; 30: 81–105.PubMedCrossRef Chaix B. Geographic life environments and coronary heart disease: a literature review, theoretical contributions, methodological updates, and a research agenda. Annu Rev Public Health. 2009; 30: 81–105.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Diez-Roux AV, Nieto FJ, Muntaner C, et al. Neighborhood environments and coronary heart disease: a multilevel analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 1997; 146(1): 48–63.PubMedCrossRef Diez-Roux AV, Nieto FJ, Muntaner C, et al. Neighborhood environments and coronary heart disease: a multilevel analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 1997; 146(1): 48–63.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Sundquist K, Malmstrom M, Johansson SE. Neighbourhood deprivation and incidence of coronary heart disease: a multilevel study of 2.6 million women and men in Sweden. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2004; 58(1): 71–77.PubMedCrossRef Sundquist K, Malmstrom M, Johansson SE. Neighbourhood deprivation and incidence of coronary heart disease: a multilevel study of 2.6 million women and men in Sweden. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2004; 58(1): 71–77.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Sundquist K, Winkleby M, Ahlen H, Johansson SE. Neighborhood socioeconomic environment and incidence of coronary heart disease: a follow-up study of 25,319 women and men in Sweden. Am J Epidemiol. 2004; 159(7): 655–662.PubMedCrossRef Sundquist K, Winkleby M, Ahlen H, Johansson SE. Neighborhood socioeconomic environment and incidence of coronary heart disease: a follow-up study of 25,319 women and men in Sweden. Am J Epidemiol. 2004; 159(7): 655–662.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Petrelli A, Gnavi R, Marinacci C, Costa G. Socioeconomic inequalities in coronary heart disease in Italy: a multilevel population-based study. Soc Sci Med. 2006; 63(2): 446–456.PubMedCrossRef Petrelli A, Gnavi R, Marinacci C, Costa G. Socioeconomic inequalities in coronary heart disease in Italy: a multilevel population-based study. Soc Sci Med. 2006; 63(2): 446–456.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Chaix B, Rosvall M, Merlo J. Assessment of the magnitude of geographical variations and socioeconomic contextual effects on ischaemic heart disease mortality: a multilevel survival analysis of a large Swedish cohort. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007; 61(4): 349–355.PubMedCrossRef Chaix B, Rosvall M, Merlo J. Assessment of the magnitude of geographical variations and socioeconomic contextual effects on ischaemic heart disease mortality: a multilevel survival analysis of a large Swedish cohort. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007; 61(4): 349–355.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Winkleby M, Sundquist K, Cubbin C. Inequities in CHD incidence and case fatality by neighborhood deprivation. Am J Prev Med. 2007; 32(2): 97–106.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Winkleby M, Sundquist K, Cubbin C. Inequities in CHD incidence and case fatality by neighborhood deprivation. Am J Prev Med. 2007; 32(2): 97–106.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Kawakami N, Li X, Sundquist K. Health-promoting and health-damaging neighbourhood resources and coronary heart disease: a follow-up study of 2 165 000 people. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2011; 65(10): 866–872.PubMedCrossRef Kawakami N, Li X, Sundquist K. Health-promoting and health-damaging neighbourhood resources and coronary heart disease: a follow-up study of 2 165 000 people. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2011; 65(10): 866–872.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Lang T, Lepage B, Schieber AC, Lamy S. Social determinants of cardiovascular diseases. Public Health Rev. 2011;33(2):601–622. Lang T, Lepage B, Schieber AC, Lamy S. Social determinants of cardiovascular diseases. Public Health Rev. 2011;33(2):601–622.
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Esnaola S, Errezola M, Bereciartua JM. The evolution of mortality from ischemic heart disease in Basque country 1975–1990. Med Clin (Barc). 1992; 99(19): 721–724. Esnaola S, Errezola M, Bereciartua JM. The evolution of mortality from ischemic heart disease in Basque country 1975–1990. Med Clin (Barc). 1992; 99(19): 721–724.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Vartiainen E, Pekkanen J, Koskinen S, Jousilahti P, Salomaa V, Puska P. Do changes in cardiovascular risk factors explain the increasing socioeconomic difference in mortality from ischaemic heart disease in Finland? J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998; 52(7): 416–419.PubMedCrossRef Vartiainen E, Pekkanen J, Koskinen S, Jousilahti P, Salomaa V, Puska P. Do changes in cardiovascular risk factors explain the increasing socioeconomic difference in mortality from ischaemic heart disease in Finland? J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998; 52(7): 416–419.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Grau M, Subirana I, Elosua R, et al. Trends in cardiovascular risk factor prevalence (1995–2000–2005) in northeastern Spain. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007; 14(5): 653–659.PubMedCrossRef Grau M, Subirana I, Elosua R, et al. Trends in cardiovascular risk factor prevalence (1995–2000–2005) in northeastern Spain. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007; 14(5): 653–659.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Hotchkiss JW, Davies C, Gray L, Bromley C, Capewell S, Leyland AH. Trends in adult cardiovascular disease risk factors and their socio-economic patterning in the Scottish population 1995–2008: cross-sectional surveys. BMJ Open. 2011; 1(1): e000176.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Hotchkiss JW, Davies C, Gray L, Bromley C, Capewell S, Leyland AH. Trends in adult cardiovascular disease risk factors and their socio-economic patterning in the Scottish population 1995–2008: cross-sectional surveys. BMJ Open. 2011; 1(1): e000176.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Scholes S, Bajekal M, Love H, et al. Persistent socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular risk factors in England over 1994–2008: a time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data. BMC Publ Health. 2012; 12(1): 129.CrossRef Scholes S, Bajekal M, Love H, et al. Persistent socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular risk factors in England over 1994–2008: a time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data. BMC Publ Health. 2012; 12(1): 129.CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Lostao L, Regidor E, Aiach P, Dominguez V. Social inequalities in ischaemic heart and cerebrovascular disease mortality in men: Spain and France, 1980–1982 and 1988–1990. Soc Sci Med. 2001; 52(12): 1879–1887.PubMedCrossRef Lostao L, Regidor E, Aiach P, Dominguez V. Social inequalities in ischaemic heart and cerebrovascular disease mortality in men: Spain and France, 1980–1982 and 1988–1990. Soc Sci Med. 2001; 52(12): 1879–1887.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Avendano M, Kunst AE, van Lenthe F, et al. Trends in socioeconomic disparities in stroke mortality in six European countries between 1981–1985 and 1991–1995. Am J Epidemiol. 2005; 161(1): 52–61.PubMedCrossRef Avendano M, Kunst AE, van Lenthe F, et al. Trends in socioeconomic disparities in stroke mortality in six European countries between 1981–1985 and 1991–1995. Am J Epidemiol. 2005; 161(1): 52–61.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Menvielle G, Chastang JF, Luce D, Leclerc A, Groupe EDISC. Changing social disparities and mortality in France (1968–1996): cause of death analysis by educational level. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2007; 55(2): 97–105.PubMedCrossRef Menvielle G, Chastang JF, Luce D, Leclerc A, Groupe EDISC. Changing social disparities and mortality in France (1968–1996): cause of death analysis by educational level. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2007; 55(2): 97–105.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Leyland AH, Dundas R, McLoone P, Boddy FA. Cause-specific inequalities in mortality in Scotland: two decades of change. A population-based study. BMC Public Health. 2007; 7: 172.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Leyland AH, Dundas R, McLoone P, Boddy FA. Cause-specific inequalities in mortality in Scotland: two decades of change. A population-based study. BMC Public Health. 2007; 7: 172.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Borrell C, Azlor E, Rodriguez-Sanz M, et al. Trends in socioeconomic mortality inequalities in a southern European urban setting at the turn of the 21st century. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008; 62(3): 258–266.PubMedCrossRef Borrell C, Azlor E, Rodriguez-Sanz M, et al. Trends in socioeconomic mortality inequalities in a southern European urban setting at the turn of the 21st century. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008; 62(3): 258–266.PubMedCrossRef
33.
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Borrell C, Pasarin MI. Inequalities in health and urban areas. Gac Sanit. 2004; 18(1): 1–4.PubMed Borrell C, Pasarin MI. Inequalities in health and urban areas. Gac Sanit. 2004; 18(1): 1–4.PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Deguen S, Lalloue B, Bard D, Havard S, Arveiler D, Zmirou-Navier D. A small-area ecologic study of myocardial infarction, neighborhood deprivation, and sex: a Bayesian modeling approach. Epidemiology. 2010; 21(4): 459–466.PubMedCrossRef Deguen S, Lalloue B, Bard D, Havard S, Arveiler D, Zmirou-Navier D. A small-area ecologic study of myocardial infarction, neighborhood deprivation, and sex: a Bayesian modeling approach. Epidemiology. 2010; 21(4): 459–466.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Malmstrom M, Sundquist J, Bajekal M, Johansson SE. Ten-year trends in all-cause mortality and coronary heart disease mortality in socio-economically diverse neighbourhoods. Public Health. 1999; 113(6): 279–284.PubMedCrossRef Malmstrom M, Sundquist J, Bajekal M, Johansson SE. Ten-year trends in all-cause mortality and coronary heart disease mortality in socio-economically diverse neighbourhoods. Public Health. 1999; 113(6): 279–284.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Michelozzi P, Perucci CA, Forastiere F, Fusco D, Ancona C, Dell'Orco V. Socioeconomic differences in mortality in Rome, 1990–1995. Epidemiol Prev. 1999; 23(3): 230–238.PubMed Michelozzi P, Perucci CA, Forastiere F, Fusco D, Ancona C, Dell'Orco V. Socioeconomic differences in mortality in Rome, 1990–1995. Epidemiol Prev. 1999; 23(3): 230–238.PubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Turrell G, Mathers C. Socioeconomic inequalities in all-cause and specific-cause mortality in Australia: 1985–1987 and 1995–1997. Int J Epidemiol. 2001; 30(2): 231–239.PubMedCrossRef Turrell G, Mathers C. Socioeconomic inequalities in all-cause and specific-cause mortality in Australia: 1985–1987 and 1995–1997. Int J Epidemiol. 2001; 30(2): 231–239.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Foraker RE, Rose KM, Kucharska-Newton AM, Ni H, Suchindran CM, Whitsel EA. Variation in rates of fatal coronary heart disease by neighborhood socioeconomic status: the atherosclerosis risk in communities surveillance (1992–2002). Ann Epidemiol. 2011; 21(8): 580–588.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Foraker RE, Rose KM, Kucharska-Newton AM, Ni H, Suchindran CM, Whitsel EA. Variation in rates of fatal coronary heart disease by neighborhood socioeconomic status: the atherosclerosis risk in communities surveillance (1992–2002). Ann Epidemiol. 2011; 21(8): 580–588.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Marí-Dell'Olmo, M. Extensiones Multivariantes del Modelo de “Besag, York y Mollié”: Aplicación al Estudio de las Desigualdades Socioeconómicas en la Mortalidad [Doctoral dissertation]. Barcelona: Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra. 2012. Marí-Dell'Olmo, M. Extensiones Multivariantes del Modelo de “Besag, York y Mollié”: Aplicación al Estudio de las Desigualdades Socioeconómicas en la Mortalidad [Doctoral dissertation]. Barcelona: Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra. 2012.
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang Y, Hodges JS, Banerjee S. Smoothed ANOVA with spatial effects as a competitor to MCAR in multivariate spatial smoothing. The Annals of Applied Statistics. 2009; 3(4): 1805.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Zhang Y, Hodges JS, Banerjee S. Smoothed ANOVA with spatial effects as a competitor to MCAR in multivariate spatial smoothing. The Annals of Applied Statistics. 2009; 3(4): 1805.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Dominguez-Berjon MF, Borrell C, Cano-Serral G, et al. Constructing a deprivation index based on census data in large Spanish cities (the MEDEA project). Gac Sanit. 2008; 22(3): 179–187.PubMedCrossRef Dominguez-Berjon MF, Borrell C, Cano-Serral G, et al. Constructing a deprivation index based on census data in large Spanish cities (the MEDEA project). Gac Sanit. 2008; 22(3): 179–187.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Borrell C, Mari-Dell'olmo M, Serral G, Martinez-Beneito MA, Gotsens M, MEDEA members. Inequalities in mortality in small areas of eleven Spanish cities (the multicenter MEDEA project). Health & Place. 2010; 16(4): 703–711.CrossRef Borrell C, Mari-Dell'olmo M, Serral G, Martinez-Beneito MA, Gotsens M, MEDEA members. Inequalities in mortality in small areas of eleven Spanish cities (the multicenter MEDEA project). Health & Place. 2010; 16(4): 703–711.CrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Besag J, York J, Mollié A. Bayesian image restoration, with two applications in spatial statistics. Ann Inst Stat Math. 1991; 43(1): 1–59.CrossRef Besag J, York J, Mollié A. Bayesian image restoration, with two applications in spatial statistics. Ann Inst Stat Math. 1991; 43(1): 1–59.CrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Rue H, Martino S, Chopin N. Approximate Bayesian inference for latent Gaussian models by using integrated nested Laplace approximations. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology). 2009; 71(2): 319–392.CrossRef Rue H, Martino S, Chopin N. Approximate Bayesian inference for latent Gaussian models by using integrated nested Laplace approximations. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology). 2009; 71(2): 319–392.CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Schrödle B, Held L. A primer on disease mapping and ecological regression using INLA. Computational Statistics. 2011; 26(2):241–258. Schrödle B, Held L. A primer on disease mapping and ecological regression using INLA. Computational Statistics. 2011; 26(2):241–258.
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Schrödle B, Held L. Spatio-temporal disease mapping using INLA. Environmetrics. 2011; 22(6):725–734. Schrödle B, Held L. Spatio-temporal disease mapping using INLA. Environmetrics. 2011; 22(6):725–734.
48.
Zurück zum Zitat R Development Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2012. R Development Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2012.
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Rue H, Martino S. INLA: functions which allow to perform a full Bayesian analysis of structured additive models using integrated nested Laplace approximation. R package version 0.0. 2009. Rue H, Martino S. INLA: functions which allow to perform a full Bayesian analysis of structured additive models using integrated nested Laplace approximation. R package version 0.0. 2009.
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Havard S, Deguen S, Bodin J, Louis K, Laurent O, Bard D. A small-area index of socioeconomic deprivation to capture health inequalities in France. Soc Sci Med. 2008; 67(12): 2007–2016.PubMedCrossRef Havard S, Deguen S, Bodin J, Louis K, Laurent O, Bard D. A small-area index of socioeconomic deprivation to capture health inequalities in France. Soc Sci Med. 2008; 67(12): 2007–2016.PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Dominguez-Berjon MF, Gandarillas A, Segura del Pozo J, et al. Census tract socioeconomic and physical environment and cardiovascular mortality in the region of Madrid (Spain). J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010; 64(12): 1086–1093.PubMedCrossRef Dominguez-Berjon MF, Gandarillas A, Segura del Pozo J, et al. Census tract socioeconomic and physical environment and cardiovascular mortality in the region of Madrid (Spain). J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010; 64(12): 1086–1093.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Espelt A, Kunst AE, Palencia L, Gnavi R, Borrell C. Twenty years of socio-economic inequalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence in Spain, 1987–2006. Eur J Public Health. 2011;22(6):765–771. Espelt A, Kunst AE, Palencia L, Gnavi R, Borrell C. Twenty years of socio-economic inequalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence in Spain, 1987–2006. Eur J Public Health. 2011;22(6):765–771.
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Arber S, McKinlay J, Adams A, Marceau L, Link C, O'Donnell A. Patient characteristics and inequalities in doctors’ diagnostic and management strategies relating to CHD: a video-simulation experiment. Soc Sci Med. 2006; 62(1): 103–115.PubMedCrossRef Arber S, McKinlay J, Adams A, Marceau L, Link C, O'Donnell A. Patient characteristics and inequalities in doctors’ diagnostic and management strategies relating to CHD: a video-simulation experiment. Soc Sci Med. 2006; 62(1): 103–115.PubMedCrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Leinsalu M, Vagero D, Kunst AE. Estonia 1989–2000: enormous increase in mortality differences by education. Int J Epidemiol. 2003; 32(6): 1081–1087.PubMedCrossRef Leinsalu M, Vagero D, Kunst AE. Estonia 1989–2000: enormous increase in mortality differences by education. Int J Epidemiol. 2003; 32(6): 1081–1087.PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Rodríguez-Sanz M, Carrillo-Santisteve P, Borrell C. Desigualdades sociales en la salud, los estilos de vida y la utilización de servicios sanitarios en las comunidades autonomas, 1993–2003. Observatorios de salud de la mujer y del SNS Agencia de Calidad Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. 2005. Rodríguez-Sanz M, Carrillo-Santisteve P, Borrell C. Desigualdades sociales en la salud, los estilos de vida y la utilización de servicios sanitarios en las comunidades autonomas, 1993–2003. Observatorios de salud de la mujer y del SNS Agencia de Calidad Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. 2005.
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Garcia J, Cirera L, Tormo MJ, et al. Usefulness of the statistical bulletin of deaths to identify extrahospital deaths in the context of a myocardial infarction population registry. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2001; 54(9): 1041–1047.PubMedCrossRef Garcia J, Cirera L, Tormo MJ, et al. Usefulness of the statistical bulletin of deaths to identify extrahospital deaths in the context of a myocardial infarction population registry. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2001; 54(9): 1041–1047.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Waller LA. Applied Spatial Statistics for Public Health Data. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2004. p. 494. Waller LA. Applied Spatial Statistics for Public Health Data. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2004. p. 494.
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Comisión Para Reducir Las Desigualdades Sociales En Salud En España. A proposal of policies and interventions to reduce social inequalities in health in Spain. Commission to Reduce Social Inequalities in Health in Spain. Gac Sanit. 2012; 26(2):182–189. Comisión Para Reducir Las Desigualdades Sociales En Salud En España. A proposal of policies and interventions to reduce social inequalities in health in Spain. Commission to Reduce Social Inequalities in Health in Spain. Gac Sanit. 2012; 26(2):182–189.
Metadaten
Titel
Trends in Socioeconomic Inequalities in Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in Small Areas of Nine Spanish Cities from 1996 to 2007 Using Smoothed ANOVA
verfasst von
Marc Marí-Dell’Olmo
Mercè Gotsens
Carme Borrell
Miguel A. Martinez-Beneito
Laia Palència
Glòria Pérez
Lluís Cirera
Antonio Daponte
Felicitas Domínguez-Berjón
Santiago Esnaola
Ana Gandarillas
Pedro Lorenzo
Carmen Martos
Andreu Nolasco
Maica Rodríguez-Sanz
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2014
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Urban Health / Ausgabe 1/2014
Print ISSN: 1099-3460
Elektronische ISSN: 1468-2869
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-013-9799-6

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2014

Journal of Urban Health 1/2014 Zur Ausgabe