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01.08.2013 | Übersichten

Urolithiasis im Kindesalter

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. T. Knoll, U. Humke

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 8/2013

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Zusammenfassung

Harnsteine bei Kindern sind selten, nur 1–2 % aller Harnsteine betreffen Kinder und Jugendliche. Es liegen jedoch häufig metabolische Ursachen zugrunde, welche zu einer Rezidivsteinbildung führen können. Kinder mit Harnsteinen sind daher per Definition eine Hochrisikogruppe, weshalb nach dem ersten Steinereignis basierend auf der Steinanalyse eine erweiterte Stoffwechseldiagnostik erfolgen muss. Ziel der Steintherapie bei Kindern sollte die Erzielung einer kompletten Steinfreiheit, die Prävention von Steinrezidiven, der Erhalt der Nierenfunktion, die Kontrolle von Harnwegsinfekten sowie die Korrektur von anatomischen und metabolischen Ursachen sein. Wenn eine aktive Therapie erforderlich ist, kommen prinzipiell die gleichen minimal-invasiven Verfahren wie bei Erwachsenen zur Anwendung. Allerdings zeigt die extrakorporale Stoßwellenlithotripsie bei Kindern bessere Ergebnisse als bei Erwachsenen. Durch die Weiterentwicklung und Miniaturisierung von Ureterorenoskopen und perkutanen Nephroskopen haben auch die endoskopischen Techniken zunehmend ihren Stellenwert in der Steintherapie bei Kindern erhalten.

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Titel: Urolithiasis im Kindesalter
verfasst von: Prof. Dr. T. Knoll
U. Humke
Publikationsdatum: 01.08.2013
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Die Urologie / Ausgabe 8/2013
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-013-3165-x

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