Background
Method
Study design
Setting
Developing the video feedback intervention programme
Participating health visitors
Participating mothers
Data collection
Primary outcome measure
Secondary observational outcome measures
Secondary self-reported outcome measures
Background and process variables
Study profile
Statistical analysis
Results
Baseline characteristics
Intervention group (n = 69) Mean (S.D.) n (%) | Comparison group (n = 209) Mean (S.D.) n (%) |
P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age | 30.18 (5.09) | 30.45 (3.92) | 0.69c
|
Born in Denmark | 55 (85%) | 186 (91%) | 0.18d
|
Cohabiting with infant’s father | 60 (92%) | 192 (94%) | 0.16d
|
Education short | 28 (44%) | 50 (25%) |
< 0.001
d
|
Education long | 36 (56%) | 153 (75%) | |
Employed | 36 (55%) | 124 (63%) | 0.26d
|
Unemployed | 29 (45%) | 72 (37%) | |
Partner education short | 21 (35%) | 59 (31%) | 0.99d
|
Partner education long | 39 (65%) | 131 (69%) | |
Partner employed | 52 (87%) | 148 (80%) | 0.42d
|
Partner unemployed | 8 (13%) | 36 (20%) | |
Preparation for parenting | |||
Antenatal education hours | 5.89 (4.25) | 7.06 (4.41) | 0.08c
|
Previous infant caring: rare/never | 36 (56%) | 127 (62%) | 0.42d
|
Planned pregnancy | 58 (89%) | 180 (87%) | 0.63d
|
Abortion consideration | 3 (5%) | 7 (3%) | 0.63d
|
Boy | 25 (38%) | 103 (50%) | 0.10d
|
Moderate preterm birth | 10 (15%) | 27 (13%) | 0.60d
|
Separated > 2 h postpartum | 9 (15%) | 20 (10%) | 0.53 |
Social-emotional ASQ:SEb
| 53.36 (30.05) | 48.05 (22.83) | 0.14c
|
Confidence KPCSa
| 38.59 (4.00) | 38.06 (3.33) | 0.30c
|
Mood EPDSb
| 6.58 (4.20) | 6.96 (3.47) | 0.75c
|
Stress PSSb
| 35.15 (8.31) | 37.93 (7.63) |
0.02
c
|
Severe life eventsb
| 14 (22%) | 41 (20%) | 0.07c
|
Differences between groups
Follow-up Intervention group (n = 69) | Follow-up Matched video subsample of comparison group (n = 63) |
P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
CARE-Index variables | Mean (SD) (95% CI) | Mean (SD) (95% CI) | |
Dyadic synchrony* | 9.51 (2.42) (8.93–10.09) | 7.62 (2.34) (7.03–8.21) |
< 0.001
a
|
Mother sensitivity* | 9.55 (2.45) (8.96–10.14) | 7.83 (2.52) (7.19–8.46) |
< 0.001
a
|
Infant cooperation* | 9.43 (2.30) (8.88–9.99) | 7.73 (2.38) (7.13–8.33) |
< 0.001
a
|
Dyadic synchrony at 6 months | |||
---|---|---|---|
Background variables | Coefficient est. | Std. error |
p-value |
Intervention mother | 1.95 | 0.50 |
< 0.001
|
Mother long education | −0.03 | 0.58 | 0.96 |
Mother employed | −0.16 | 0.50 | 0.75 |
Father long education | 0.32 | 0.52 | 0.54 |
Father employed | 0.17 | 0.60 | 0.78 |
Parental stress | −0.01 | 0.03 | 0.76 |
Cons | 7.80 | 1.25 |
< 0.001
|
# observations | 109 | ||
Mean of outcome variable | 8.73 | ||
R2
| 0.16 |
Follow-up Intervention (n = 63) | Follow-up Comparison group (n = 170) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) (95% CI) | Mean (SD) (95% CI) |
p-value | |
Confidence KPCS* | 41.10 (3.16) (40.22–41.98) | 40.10 (2.96) (39.65–40.56) |
0.04
c
|
Mood EPDS** | 4.8 (3.48) (3.88–5.73) | 5.05 (4.02) (4.48–5.72) | 0.62c
|
Stress PSS** | 32.04 (7.06) (30.13–33.94) | 35.29 (7.06) (34.07–36.52) |
0.03
c
|
Social-emotional development ASQ:SE** | 27.76 (16.39) (23.10–31.30) | 29.91 (15.97) (27.34–32.23) | 0.38c
|