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Erschienen in: Der Urologe 6/2019

20.05.2019 | Orchitis | CME

Hodenentzündung

verfasst von: PD Dr. med. A. Pilatz, M. Fijak, F. Wagenlehner, H-C. Schuppe

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 6/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Die Hodenentzündung kann sowohl akut symptomatisch als auch chronisch asymptomatisch verlaufen. Bei den akuten Formen gibt es die seltenere isolierte Orchitis, die vermutlich in den meisten Fällen viral bedingt ist, wie auch die häufigere sekundäre Orchitis, die in der Regel Folge einer aszendierenden bakteriellen Epididymitis ist. Daneben sind sterile Hodenentzündungen, z. B. im Zusammenhang mit systemischen Autoimmunkrankheiten, zu beachten. Als geringgradige, chronisch asymptomatische Orchitis lassen sich auch Immunzellinfiltrate im Hoden auffassen, die im Rahmen einer Hodenbiopsie bei Azoospermie in etwa 25 % der Fälle zu beobachten sind. Die Ätiopathogenese bleibt hier zumeist unklar, postinfektiöse bzw. primär erregerunabhängige Autoimmunreaktionen werden diskutiert. Hier können tierexperimentelle Orchitismodelle hilfreich sein, um die zugrunde liegenden immunpathologischen Mechanismen sowie neue therapeutische Ansätze zu untersuchen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Hodenentzündung
verfasst von
PD Dr. med. A. Pilatz
M. Fijak
F. Wagenlehner
H-C. Schuppe
Publikationsdatum
20.05.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 6/2019
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-019-0951-0

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