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08.03.2022 | Original Paper

Yokukansan suppresses neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of mice and decreases the duration of lipopolysaccharide- and diazepam-mediated loss of righting reflex induced by pentobarbital

verfasst von: Kei Kawada, Tomoaki Ishida, Kohei Jobu, Shumpei Morisawa, Tetsushi Kawazoe, Motoki Nishida, Satomi Nishimura, Naohisa Tamura, Saburo Yoshioka, Mitsuhiko Miyamura

Erschienen in: Journal of Natural Medicines | Ausgabe 3/2022

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Abstract

Neuroinflammation is associated with the development of hypoactive delirium, which results in poor clinical outcomes. Drugs effective against hypoactive sur have not yet been established. Yokukansan has an anti-neuroinflammatory effect, making it potentially effective against hypoactive delirium. This study aimed to examine the effect of Yokukansan on the pentobarbital-induced loss of righting reflex duration extended with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and diazepam-induced gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor stimulation in a mouse model. The active ingredients in Yokukansan and its anti-neuroinflammatory effect on the hippocampus were also investigated. Furthermore, we examined the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Yokukansan on LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, a murine microglial cell line. Findings revealed that treatment with Yokukansan significantly decreased the duration of pentobarbital-induced loss of righting reflex by attenuating the LPS-induced increase in interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in the hippocampus. Moreover, treatment with Yokukansan significantly decreased the number of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus after 24 h of LPS administration. In addition, glycyrrhizic acid, an active ingredient in Yokukansan, partially decreased the duration of pentobarbital-induced loss of righting reflex. Treatment with Yokukansan also suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor mRNA in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Thus, these findings suggest that Yokukansan and glycyrrhizic acid may be effective therapeutic agents for treating neuroinflammation-induced hypoactive delirium.

Graphical abstract

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Titel: Yokukansan suppresses neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of mice and decreases the duration of lipopolysaccharide- and diazepam-mediated loss of righting reflex induced by pentobarbital
verfasst von: Kei Kawada
Tomoaki Ishida
Kohei Jobu
Shumpei Morisawa
Tetsushi Kawazoe
Motoki Nishida
Satomi Nishimura
Naohisa Tamura
Saburo Yoshioka
Mitsuhiko Miyamura
Publikationsdatum: 08.03.2022
Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore
Erschienen in: Journal of Natural Medicines / Ausgabe 3/2022
Print ISSN: 1340-3443
Elektronische ISSN: 1861-0293
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-022-01612-7

Klimawandel und Gesundheit: Was Sie in der Hausarztpraxis wissen müssen und tun können

Springer Medizin

Yokukansan suppresses neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of mice and decreases the duration of lipopolysaccharide- and diazepam-mediated loss of righting reflex induced by pentobarbital

Abstract

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Klimawandel und Gesundheit: Was Sie in der Hausarztpraxis wissen müssen und tun können

Springer Medizin

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