Background
Methods
Design of the study
Endpoints of the study
PCI procedure
Biochemical assays
ELISA tests
Statistical analysis
Results
General characteristics and follow-up of the study population
Parameter | |
---|---|
Age (years), median [IQR] | 60 [58–63] |
Sex, no. (%) | |
M/F | 46 (85)/8 (15) |
BMI, kg/m2, median [IQR] | 27 [25.5–28.1] |
Blood pressure (mmHg), median [IQR] | |
Systolic | 130 [120–131.2] |
Diastolic | 80 [70–80] |
Hypertension, no. (%) | 15 (28) |
Smoke, no. (%) | 43 (80) |
Cholesterol (mg/dL), median [IQR] | |
Total | 172 [149.5–189] |
HDL | 42.5 [35–51] |
LDL | 103 [68–128] |
Triglycerides (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 127 [105.2–151.5] |
Glycemia (mg/dL), median [IQR] | |
Baseline | 87 [80–90.2] |
2 h | 109 [93–126.7] |
Glycated hemoglobin (%), median [IQR] | 5.2 [5.1–5.5] |
Insulin (µU/mL), median [IQR] | 3.8 [3–6] |
HOMA IR, median [IQR] | 0.78 [0.59–1.31] |
Creatinine (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 1 [0.87–1.1] |
Hemoglobin (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 14.3 [13.3–15.2] |
Adiponectin (µg/mL), median [IQR] | 11 [9.7–13.2] |
Adiponectin, no. (%) | |
Pathologic | 13 (24) |
Resistin (ng/mL), median [IQR] | 7 [4–9] |
Resistin, no. (%) | |
Pathologic | 8 (15) |
TNF-alpha (ng/mL), median [IQR] | 8.5 [7–11] |
TNF-alpha, no. (%) | |
Pathologic | 6 (11) |
Site of stenosis at first PCI, no. (%) | |
IVA | 25 (46) |
CX | 10 (19) |
DX | 19 (35) |
Follow-up duration (months), median [IQR] | 29.5 [14.7–34] |
Re-PCI, no. (%) | 4 (7) |
Time re-PCI, median [IQR] | 8.5 [4–15.75] |
Site of re-PCI, no. (%) | |
IVA | 3 (75) |
CX | 0 (−) |
DX | 1 (25) |
New PCI, no. (%) | 5 (9) |
Time new PCI, median [IQR] | 29 [IQR 12–33.5] |
Site of new-PCI, no. (%) | |
IVA | 2 (40) |
CX | 1 (20) |
DX | 2 (40) |
Death, no. (%) | |
Cardiovascular/other causes | − /1 (2) |
Restenosis risk assessment: a univariate and multivariate analysis
Risk assessment of de novo IHD: a univariate and multivariate analysis
Parameter | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Re-PCI | p | OR [95% CI] | p | ||
Yes (n = 4) | No (n = 50) | ||||
Age (years), median [IQR] | 59.5 [58.2–60.7] | 60 [57.7–63] | 0.714 | ||
Sex, no. (%) | 0.386 | ||||
M | 4 (100) | 42 (84) | |||
F | 0 (−) | 8 (16) | |||
BMI, kg/m2, median [IQR] | 25.3 [24.8–26.7] | 27.2 [25.8–28.1] | 0.159 | ||
Blood pressure (mmHg), median [IQR] | |||||
Systolic | 130 [115–137.5] | 130 [120–131.2] | 1.000 | ||
Diastolic | 80 [72.5–80] | 80 [70–80] | 0.714 | ||
Hypertension, no. (%) | 1 (25) | 14 (28) | 0.897 | ||
Smoke, no. (%) | 4 (100) | 39 (78) | 0.293 | ||
Cholesterol (mg/dL), median [IQR] | |||||
Total | 157 [147.5–180.7] | 174.5 [147.5–192] | 0.555 | ||
HDL | 34.5 [31.7–41] | 43 [35–51.2] | 0.066 | ||
LDL | 90.5 [86–116] | 109 [70.2–122.5] | 0.874 | ||
Triglycerides (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 141.5 [121.5–166.7] | 125.5 [103–151.5] | 0.327 | ||
Glycemia (mg/dL), median [IQR] | |||||
Baseline | 93.5 [86.2–102.2] | 87 [79.7–90] | 0.066 | ||
2 h | 132.5 [117.7–136.7] | 106 [93–123] | 0.021 | ||
Glycated hemoglobin (%), median [IQR] | 5.6 [5.3–5.8] | 5.2 [5–5.5] | 0.051 | ||
Insulin (µU/mL), median [IQR] | 9.8 [9.4–10] | 3.6 [2.8–4.7] | 0.003 | ||
HOMA IR, median [IQR] | 2.23 [2.1–2.4] | 0.75 [0.57–0.97] | 0.003 | ||
Creatinine (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 1 [1–1.16] | 1 [0.8–1.1] | 0.266 | ||
Hemoglobin (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 14.2 [13.2–14.5] | 14.3 [13.3–15.2] | 0.534 | ||
Adiponectin (µg/mL), median [IQR] | 7 [6–8] | 11.5 [10–14] | 0.000 | 0.206 [0.053–0.796] | 0.022 |
Resistin (ng/mL), median [IQR] | 13 [5.2–15.5] | 6.5 [4–8.2] | 0.137 | ||
TNF-alpha (ng/mL), median [IQR] | 18.5 [11–20.7] | 8 [7–10] | 0.008 | ||
Time RE-PCI, median [IQR] | 8.5 [4–21.2] | 29.5 [13.5–34] | 0.019 | ||
Follow-up duration (months), median [IQR] | 30 [25.7–32.7] | 29.5 [13.5–34] | 1.000 | ||
Death, no. (%) | |||||
Cardiovascular/other causes | 0 (−)/− | 0 (−)/1 (2) | 0.775 |
Risk assessment of overall new PCI: a univariate and multivariate analysis
Parameter | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall new PCI | p | OR [95% CI] | p | ||
Yes (n = 8) | No (n = 46) | ||||
Age (years), median [IQR] | 59.5 [58–60.7] | 60.5 [57.7–63] | 0.590 | ||
Sex, no. (%) | 0.380 | ||||
M | 6 (75) | 40 (87) | |||
F | 2 (25) | 6 (13) | |||
BMI, kg/m2, median [IQR] | 26.7 [24.8–28.8] | 27 [25.8–28] | 1.000 | ||
Blood pressure (mmHg), median [IQR] | |||||
Systolic | 125 [120–130] | 130 [120–136.2] | 0.296 | ||
Diastolic | 80 [72.5–80] | 80 [70–80] | 0.574 | ||
Hypertension, no. (%) | 1 (14) | 14 (30) | 0.296 | ||
Smoke, no. (%) | 7 (88) | 36 (78) | 0.549 | ||
Cholesterol (mg/dL), median [IQR] | |||||
Total | 173.5 [147.5–209.7] | 172.5 [146.2–189] | 0.658 | ||
HDL | 44 [34.2–64.5] | 42 [35–51] | 0.590 | ||
LDL | 107.5 [86–123.7] | 105 [70.2–119.7] | 0.765 | ||
Triglycerides (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 127.5 [117.2–157.7] | 127 [102.7–151.5] | 0.495 | ||
Glycemia (mg/dL), median [IQR] | |||||
Baseline | 95.5 [86.2–97.7] | 86.5 [79.7–89.2] | 0.015 | 0.643 [0.389–1.064] | 0.086 |
2 h | 132 [116–136.7] | 102.5 [93–121.2] | |||
Glycated hemoglobin (%), median [IQR] | 5.6 [5.5–5.7] | 5.2 [5–5.4] | 0.001 | ||
Insulin (µU/mL), median [IQR] | 9.8 [9.1–10.1] | 3.5 [2.8–4.3] | 0.000 | 0.008 [0.000–1.183] | 0.058 |
HOMA IR, median [IQR] | 2.23 [2.1–2.5] | 0.74 [0.57–0.94] | 0.000 | 1.5*1011 [2.593–8.68 * 1021] | 0.042 |
Creatinine (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 1 [0.85–1.1] | 1 [0.87–1.1] | 0.971 | ||
Hemoglobin (mg/dL), median [IQR] | 14.2 [13.2–14.8] | 14.3 [13.3–15.3] | 0.495 | ||
Adiponectin (µg/mL), median [IQR] | 8 [6.5–8.7] | 12 [10–14] | 0.000 | 0.206 [0.053–0.796] | 0.022 |
Resistin (ng/mL), median [IQR] | 13 [6–15] | 6 [4–8] | 0.013 | ||
TNF-alpha (ng/mL), median [IQR] | 13 [7.5–20.7] | 8 [7–10] | 0.073 | ||
Follow-up duration (months), median [IQR] | 31 [25.7–33.7] | 29 [13.5–34] | 0.558 | ||
Death, no. (%) | |||||
Cardiovascular/other causes | 0 (−)/− | 0 (−)/1 (2) | 0.674 |