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Erschienen in: Herz 7/2014

01.11.2014 | Schwerpunkt

Akutes Koronarsyndrom und antithrombozytäre Therapie

Prähospitale Phase: nichts, ASS oder...?

verfasst von: PD Dr. T. Bauer, C. Hamm

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 7/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Die Mehrheit der Patienten mit ST-Strecken-Hebungs-Myokardinfarkt (STEMI) weist einen kompletten thrombotischen Verschluss eines großen epikardialen Gefäßes auf, weshalb einer frühzeitigen und effektiven Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung eine Schüsselrolle zukommt. Die aktuelle Leitlinien der Fachgesellschaften empfehlen eine Initiierung der dualen Plättchenhemmung so früh wie möglich. Trotz wenig überzeugender klinischer Daten erscheint ein prähospitaler Therapiebeginn aufgrund pharmakokinetischer Überlegungen sinnvoll zu sein. Hier sollte vorzugsweise Ticagrelor verabreicht werden, da diese Substanz über die beste Datenlage verfügt und als sicher einzustufen ist. Bei Hochrisikopatienten kann während des Transports zum Herzkatherlabor die Gabe von Glykoprotein-IIb/IIIa-Rezeptor-Antagonisten (Tirofiban) erwogen werden. Das akute Koronarsyndrom ohne ST-Strecken-Hebung (NSTE-ACS) stellt ein deutlich inhomogeneres Krankheitsbild dar. Die aktuellen Leitlinien empfehlen eine Initiierung der dualen Plättchenhemmung ebenfalls so früh wie möglich, wenn die Diagnose gesichert bzw. wahrscheinlich ist. Bei dringendem V. a. NSTE-ACS sollte prähospital Azetylsalizylsäure (ASS) verabreicht werden. Bei Hochrisikopatienten kann zudem die prähospitale Gabe von Ticagrelor in Betracht gezogen werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Akutes Koronarsyndrom und antithrombozytäre Therapie
Prähospitale Phase: nichts, ASS oder...?
verfasst von
PD Dr. T. Bauer
C. Hamm
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2014
Verlag
Urban & Vogel
Erschienen in
Herz / Ausgabe 7/2014
Print ISSN: 0340-9937
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-6692
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-014-4157-3

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