Background
Diversity in Australia
The mental health of culturally and linguistically diverse communities
Mental health literacy in culturally and linguistically diverse communities
Youth mental health
Mental Health First Aid
Teen and Youth Mental Health First Aid training
Mental Health First Aid and culturally and linguistically diverse populations
Methods
Participants
Students
Teachers/responsible adults
Interventions
Teen Mental Health First Aid
Session 1: 75 min | Session 2: 75 min | Session 3: 75 min |
---|---|---|
Mental health problems Topics presented: • What is mental health? • What are mental health problems? • Types of mental health problems • Impact on young people • Stigma • Appropriate help | Helping a friend in a mental health crisis Topics presented: • What is mental health first aid? • What is a mental health crisis? • Using the teen MHFA action plan to help a friend in crisis • Recovery position | Helping a friend who is developing a mental health problem Topics presented: • Helping a friend who is developing a mental health problem • Importance of acting early • Using the teen MHFA action plan to help a friend developing a mental health problem • Helpful links and resources |
Videos: • Talking about it 1 (4:50 s) • Getting help (5:32) | Video: • Mates (13:55) | Videos: • Talking about it 2 (4:14) • Talking about it 3 (6:02) |
Activities: • Group discussion of how mental health problems impact on young people • Identifying supportive adults • Relaxation | Activities: • Group discussion of confidentiality vs safety • Role play recovery position | Activities: • Group discussion of Luke and Ali’s stories • Role play using the action plan |
Youth Mental Health First Aid
Adaptation to resources incorporated to the curriculum
Measures
Variable measured | Pre-training | Post-training | 3-Month |
---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ✓ | ||
Mental health literacy | |||
Recognition of mental health problem—general | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Adults thought to be helpful | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Knowledge of youth mental health quizb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Stigmatising attitudes | |||
Social distance | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Stigma | |||
Weak-not-sick subscale | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
I would not tell anybody | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Dangerous/unpredictable subscale | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
MHFA intentions and behaviours | |||
Confidence helping | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Offering helpb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
MHFA intentions—helpfula | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
MHFA intentions—harmfula | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
MHFA intentions—ALGEE scoreb | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
MHFA experiences—provided to peera | ✓ | ✓ | |
MHFA experiences—received from a peera | ✓ | ✓ | |
MHFA experiences—ALGEE scoreb | ✓ | ✓ |
Mental health literacy
Recognition of mental health problems
Adults thought to be helpful
Knowledge of youth mental health problems in teachers/responsible adults
Stigmatising attitudes
Personal stigma
Social distance
Mental Health First Aid intentions and behaviours
Confidence when helping someone with a mental health problem
Offering help
Mental Health First Aid intentions
Mental health first aid experiences
Statistical analysis
Results
Characteristics | Pre-training (n = 308)a | % |
---|---|---|
Adolescent group | ||
Gender | ||
Male | 148 | 48.2 |
Female | 155 | 50.5 |
Identify with another term | 4 | 1.3 |
English as first language | ||
Yes | 145 | 47.1 |
No | 163 | 52.9 |
Language other than English (top 3) | ||
Vietnamese | 59 | 21.9 |
Assyrian | 22 | 7 |
Arabic | 20 | 6.4 |
Age (years old) | ||
14 | 1 | 3 |
15 | 221 | 71.8 |
16 | 81 | 26.3 |
17 | 5 | 1.6 |
14 years old or older in 2018 | ||
Yes | 295 | 95.8 |
No | 13 | 4.2 |
Pre-training (n = 34)b | % | |
---|---|---|
Teachers/responsible adults group | ||
Gender | ||
Male | 9 | 28 |
Female | 23 | 72 |
Age (years old) | 38.38 (13.50) | – |
Occupation | ||
Teacher | 28 | 87 |
Other | 4 | 13 |
Qualifications | ||
Certificate | 2 | 6.3 |
Bachelor degree | 19 | 59.4 |
Masters degree | 11 | 34.3 |
Teen Mental Health First Aid
Variables | Pre-training | Post-training | Follow-up | Mean difference for pre- versus post | OR for pre versus post | Mean difference for pre versus follow-up | OR for pre versus follow-up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental health literacy | |||||||
Problem recognised as ‘mental health problem’a (%) | 35.90% | 39.70% | 36.60% | – | 1.81 | – | 1.03 |
Adults thought to be helpful (mean, CI 97.5) | 3.53 (3.77) | 4.26 (4.49) | 3.95 (4.19) | 0.72*** | – | 0.41** | – |
Stigmatising attitudes | |||||||
Social distance scale (mean, CI 97.5) | 9.73 (10.27) | 9.46 (9.94) | 9.19 (9.64) | 0.25 | – | 0.53 | – |
Personal stigma (mean, CI 97.5) | |||||||
Weak-not-sick subscale | 2.23 (2.33) | 2.12 (2.24) | 2.09 (2.20) | 0.11 | – | 0.13* | – |
I would not tell anybody | 2.57 (2.70) | 2.42 (2.56) | 2.53 (2.67) | 0.14 | 0.03 | ||
Dangerous/unpredictable subscale | 2.21 (2.32) | 2.13 (2.24) | 2.15 (2.25) | 0.08 | – | 0.05 | – |
MHFA intentions and behaviours | |||||||
Confidence helping (mean, CI 97.5) | 3.59 (3.71) | 3.68 (3.82) | 3.66 (3.80) | 0.09 | – | 0.07 | – |
MHFA intentions—helpful (mean, CI 97.5) | 4.21 (4.43) | 4.63 (4.81) | 4.48 (4.67) | 0.41** | – | 0.27* | – |
MHFA intentions—harmful (mean, CI 97.5) | 1.72 (1.86) | 1.37 (1.52) | 1.45 (1.58) | 0.34*** | – | 0.25** | – |
MHFA experiences—provided to a peer (mean, SD)b | 3.32 (1.53) | – | 3.68 (1.71) | – | – | 0.36 | – |
MHFA experiences—received from a peer (mean, SD)b | 2.62 (1.71) | – | 2.69 (1.65) | – | – | 0.07 |
Mental health literacy
Recognition of mental health problems
Adults thought to be helpful
Stigmatising attitudes
Mental health first aid intentions and behaviours
Confidence in providing help
MHFA intentions—helpful
MHFA intentions—harmful
MHFA experiences—provided to a peer
MHFA experiences—received from a peer
Youth Mental Health First Aid
Variables | Pre-training | Post-training | Follow-up | Mean difference for pre versus post | OR for pre versus post | Mean difference for pre versus follow-up | OR for pre versus follow-up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental health literacy | |||||||
Problem recognised as ‘mental health problem’a (%) | 84% | 93% | 89% | – | 2.32 | – | 1.50 |
Adults thought to be helpful (mean, CI 97.5) | 4.07 (4.63) | 4.81 (5.59) | 4.49 (5.21) | 0.73* | – | 0.41 | – |
Knowledge of mental health problems (quiz) | 9.26 (10.37) | 11.67 (12.85) | 11.30 (12.57) | 2.41** | – | 2.03** | – |
Stigmatising attitudes | |||||||
Social distance scale (mean, CI 97.5) | 8.21 (9.12) | 7.90 (8.82) | 8.95 (10.09) | 0.39 | – | 0.23 | – |
Personal stigma (mean, CI 97.5) | |||||||
Weak-not-sick subscale | 1.65 (1.89) | 1.58 (1.82) | 1.93 (2.24) | 0.06 | – | 0.28 | |
I would not tell anybody | 1.84 (2.13) | 1.54 (1.82) | 1.53 (2.02) | 0.30 | – | 0.31 | – |
Dangerous/unpredictable subscale | 1.50 (1.67) | 1.41 (1.59) | 1.35 (1.57) | 0.11 | – | 0.15 | – |
MHFA intentions and behaviours | |||||||
Confidence helping (mean, CI 97.5) | 3.92 (4.11) | 4.37 (4.56) | 4.25 (4.48) | 0.44*** | – | 0.32* | – |
Offer help | 4.40 (4.71) | 4.64 (4.85) | 4.47 (4.83) | 0.24 | – | 0.07 | – |
MHFA intentions—ALGEE score | 3.17 (4.02) | 4.24 (5,12) | 4.08 (5.10) | 1.06 | 0.90 | ||
MHFA experiencesb—ALGEE score | 2.14 (0.37) | – | 2.57 (1.13) | – | – | 0.42 | – |