Introduction
Materials and methods
Study setting and design
Methods
Treatment of contamination
Thorough disinfection of the embryology laboratory
Statistical analysis
Results
Causes of contamination of the culture environment in the embryology laboratory during IVF-ET treatment cycles and its resulting characteristics of embryo culture fluid contamination
Time of discovery of contamination | Contamination cycle number | Droplet contamination rate | X2 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Day 1 | 13.33(2/15) | 2.31(4/173) | 11.280 | 0.024 |
Day 2 | 33.33(5/15) | 8.09(14/169)a | ||
Day 3 | 26.67(4/15) | 2.31(4/155) | ||
Day 4 | 20(3/15) | 3.51(4/151) | ||
Day 5 | 6.67(1/15) | 4.3(5/147) |
Embryo development and pregnancy outcomes after embryo contamination caused by culture environment contamination during the IVF cycle
No | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age of Female | 31 | 27 | 35 | 31 | 30 | 27 | 42 | 31 | 31 | 42 | 28 | 38 | 28 | 38 | 29 |
Age of Male | 32 | 37 | 35 | 41 | 29 | 35 | 44 | 34 | 31 | 52 | 29 | 37 | 32 | 37 | 31 |
Insemination mode | IVF | IVF | IVF | IVF | IVF, RI | ICSI | IVF | IVF | IVF | ICSI | IVF | IVF | ICSI | IVF | IVF |
Oocytes retrieved | 5 | 20 | 12 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 25 | 4 | 8 | 18 | 9 | 13 | 15 |
2PN fertilization | 3 | 12 | 5 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 18 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 10 |
Abnormal fertilization | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
2PN cleaved | 4 | 18 | 6 | 13 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 23 | 3 | 6 | 13 | 9 | 11 | 13 |
High-quality embryo | 0 | 4 | 3 | 10 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
Day of contamination | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
Total embryo contamination cycle | N | Y | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
Available embryos | 1 | 8 | 3 | 10 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 16 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 10 |
Fresh embryo transfer | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | N | Y | N | Y | N | N |
First embryo transfer number | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Embryo implantation | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Adverse pregnancy outcome | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | EP | - | - | - | - | - | - | SAB |
Second embryo transfer number | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Embryo implantation | - | - | 0 | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Live birth | - | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Gestational week | - | 39 + 3 | - | 37 | 35 + 5 | 36 + 4 | - | 37 + 3 | 38 | - | 39 + 1 | - | 38 | 37 + 5 | 37 |
Low birth weight | Y | Y | |||||||||||||
Birth weight(kg) | - | 3.0 | - | 2.9 | 2.0/1.8 | 2.5 | - | 2.7 | 4.1 | - | 3.6 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 2.8 |
Sex | - | F | - | F | M/M | M | - | F | F | - | M | M | M | F | F |
Neonatal asphyxia | - | N | - | N | Y | N | - | N | N | - | N | N | N | N | N |
Intrauterine growth retardation | - | N | - | N | Y | N | - | N | N | - | N | N | N | N | N |
Fetal distress | - | N | - | N | Y | N | - | N | N | - | N | N | N | N | N |
Premature rupture of membranes | Y | - | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | Y | |||
Birth defect rate | - | N | - | N | N | N | - | N | N | - | N | N | N | N | N |
1 year after birth | - | norm | - | norm | norm | norm | - | norm | norm | - | norm | norm | norm | norm | norm |
Embryo contamination cycle | Embryo contamination-free cycle(Regular IVF Cycle) | X2 | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cycle | 15 | 1887 | - | - |
2PN fertilization rate | 74.58(111/173) | 63.33 (13,064/20628) | 0.051 | 0.821 |
2PN cleavage rate | 99.10 (/110/111) | 99.04 (12,938/13064) | 0.005 | 0.946 |
High-quality embryo rate | 68.18 (75/110) | 74.83 (9681/12938) | 2.553 | 0.110 |
Blastocyst formation rate | 67.54 (77/114) | 62.79 (7623/12140) | 1.092 | 0.296 |
High-quality blastocyst rate | 40.35 (46/114) | 39.21 (4760/12140) | 0.062 | 0.804 |
Clinical pregnancy rate | 62.50 (5/8) | 52.19 (1182/2265) | 2.816 | 0.133 |
Implantation rate | 60.00 (6/10) | 39.52 (1457/3687) | 1.750 | 0.208 |
Spontaneous abortion rate | 20.00 (1/5) | 13.11 (155/1182) | 0.207 | 0.506 |
Neonatal asphyxia | 0(0/12) | 0.61(6/988) | 0.073 | 1.000 |
Neonatal pneumonia | 0(0/12) | 0.30(3/988) | 0.037 | 1.000 |
Intrauterine growth retardation rate | 9.09(1/12) | 9.92(98/988) | 8.762 | 0.003 |
Fetal distress | 9.09(1/12) | 7.49(74/988) | 0.012 | 0.610 |
Amniotic fluid contamination rate | 0(0/12) | 0.51(5/988) | 0.061 | 1.000 |
Prematurity rate | 9.09(1/12) | 15.690(155/988) | 0.487 | 0.704 |
Low birth weight rate | 18.18(2/12) | 8.40(83/988) | 1.042 | 0.272 |
Premature rupture of membranes rate | 18.18(2/12) | 13.16(130/988) | 0.127 | 0.665 |
Birth defect rate | 0(0/12) | 1.52(15/988) | 0.185 | 1.000 |