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2022 | Augenheilkunde | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

29. Augenerkrankungen

verfasst von : Prof. Dr. med. Martin J. Lohse, Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c. Franz Grehn, PD Dr. med. Jörn Kuchenbecker

Erschienen in: Arzneiverordnungs-Report 2022

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Auf einen Blick

Trend Seit vielen Jahren dominieren unter den Ophthalmika die Glaukommittel. Sie machen über zwei Drittel der Verordnungen auf Kassenrezept aus, wobei sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten vor allem Prostaglandinderivate und lokal wirkende Carboanhydrasehemmer durchgesetzt haben, während die Bedeutung von Betarezeptorenblockern kontinuierlich abnimmt und die Verordnungen selektiver Alpha2-Rezeptoragonisten auf niedrigerem Niveau verharren. Mit dem Rho-Kinase-Inhibitor Netarsudil (Rhokiinsa – zugelassen in Europa) und Latanoprostene Bunod (Vyzulta – Zulassung in den USA) sind erstmals wieder zwei neue Wirkprinzipien hinzugekommen, aber in Deutschland noch nicht im Handel.
Neben den Glaukommitteln spielen die ophthalmologischen Antiinfektiva und Antiphlogistika jeweils mit einer Vielzahl von Substanzen eine größere Rolle. Bei den meisten übrigen Gruppen von Ophthalmika sind die Verordnungen auf Kassenrezept durch das GKV-Modernisierungsgesetz 2004 drastisch gesunken. Als Neuentwicklungen für die antineovaskuläre Therapie haben sich neben den antineovaskulären Antikörpern Bevacizumab (Avastin – off label) und Ranibizumab (Lucentis) mit Aflibercept (Eylea) und Brolicizumab (Beovu) zwei weiterere VEGF-Antagonisten sowie ein Dexamethason-Implantat (Ozurdex) unter den verordnungshäufigsten Arzneimitteln etabliert und verzeichneten deutliche Zunahmen.
Die Behandlung des trockenen Auges (Keratokonjunktivitis sicca) durch Tränenersatzmittel spielt in der Augenheilkunde wegen der hohen Prävalenz dieser Störung im Alter eine große Rolle; aber die meisten hierfür in Frage kommenden Mittel können – bis auf wenige Ausnahmen – nicht mehr auf Kassenrezept verordnet werden.
Im Jahre 2021 haben sich die Verordnungen von Ophthalmika im Wesentlichen im Sinne der langfristigen Trends entwickelt, vor allem bei der Glaukomtherapie. Auffällig ist eine Abnahme der Verordnungen von Antiinfektiva, die vermutlich als Konsequenz der Covid19-Pandemie mit weniger Arztbesuchen, weniger elektiven Eingriffen und möglicherweise auch durch Kontaktbeschränkungen zu deuten ist.
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Zurück zum Zitat Katz LJ (1999) Brimonidine tartrate 0.2% twice daily vs timolol 0.5% twice daily: 1-year results in glaucoma patients. Brimonidine Study Group. Am J Ophthalmol 127:20–26PubMed Katz LJ (1999) Brimonidine tartrate 0.2% twice daily vs timolol 0.5% twice daily: 1-year results in glaucoma patients. Brimonidine Study Group. Am J Ophthalmol 127:20–26PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Lai DS, Lue KH, Hsieh JC, Lin KL, Lee HS (2002) The comparison of the efficacy and safety of cetirizine, oxatomide, ketotifen, and a placebo for the treatment of childhood perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 89:589–598PubMed Lai DS, Lue KH, Hsieh JC, Lin KL, Lee HS (2002) The comparison of the efficacy and safety of cetirizine, oxatomide, ketotifen, and a placebo for the treatment of childhood perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 89:589–598PubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Srinivasan M, Mascarenhas J, Rajaraman R, Ravindran M, Lalitha P, Glidden DV, Ray KJ, Hong KC, Oldenburg CE, Lee SM, Zegans ME, McLeod SD, Lietman TM, Acharya NR (2012) Corticosteroids for bacterial keratitis: the steroids for corneal ulcers trial (SCUT). Arch Ophthalmol 130:143–150PubMed Srinivasan M, Mascarenhas J, Rajaraman R, Ravindran M, Lalitha P, Glidden DV, Ray KJ, Hong KC, Oldenburg CE, Lee SM, Zegans ME, McLeod SD, Lietman TM, Acharya NR (2012) Corticosteroids for bacterial keratitis: the steroids for corneal ulcers trial (SCUT). Arch Ophthalmol 130:143–150PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Srinivasan M, Mascarenhas J, Rajaraman R, Ravindran M, Lalitha P, O’Brien KS, Glidden DV, Ray KJ, Oldenburg CE, Zegans ME, Whitcher JP, McLeod SD, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Acharya NR (2014) The steroids for corneal ulcers trial (SCUT): secondary 12-month clinical outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Ophthalmol 157:327–333.e3PubMed Srinivasan M, Mascarenhas J, Rajaraman R, Ravindran M, Lalitha P, O’Brien KS, Glidden DV, Ray KJ, Oldenburg CE, Zegans ME, Whitcher JP, McLeod SD, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Acharya NR (2014) The steroids for corneal ulcers trial (SCUT): secondary 12-month clinical outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Ophthalmol 157:327–333.e3PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Steensberg AT, Müllertz OO, Virgili G, Azuara-Blanco A, Kolko M (2020) Evaluation of generic versus original prostaglandin analogues in the treatment of glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 3:51–59PubMed Steensberg AT, Müllertz OO, Virgili G, Azuara-Blanco A, Kolko M (2020) Evaluation of generic versus original prostaglandin analogues in the treatment of glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 3:51–59PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Subramanian ML, Ness S, Abedi G, Ahmed E, Daly M, Feinberg E, Bhatia S, Patel P, Nguyen M, Houranieh A (2009) Bevacizumab vs ranibizumab for age-related macular degeneration: early results of a prospective double-masked, randomized clinical trial. Am J Ophthalmol 148:875–882.e1PubMed Subramanian ML, Ness S, Abedi G, Ahmed E, Daly M, Feinberg E, Bhatia S, Patel P, Nguyen M, Houranieh A (2009) Bevacizumab vs ranibizumab for age-related macular degeneration: early results of a prospective double-masked, randomized clinical trial. Am J Ophthalmol 148:875–882.e1PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Sun X, Dai Y (Hrsg) (2019) Medical treatment of glaucoma. Springer, Singapore Sun X, Dai Y (Hrsg) (2019) Medical treatment of glaucoma. Springer, Singapore
Zurück zum Zitat Ta CN, Raizman MB, Gross RD, Joshi S, Mallick S, Wang Y, Segal B (2020) A prospective, randomized trial of Povidone-iodine 0.6% and Dexamethasone 0.1% ophthalmic suspension for acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol 215:56–65PubMed Ta CN, Raizman MB, Gross RD, Joshi S, Mallick S, Wang Y, Segal B (2020) A prospective, randomized trial of Povidone-iodine 0.6% and Dexamethasone 0.1% ophthalmic suspension for acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol 215:56–65PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tamm ER, Schmetterer L, Grehn F (2013) Status and perspectives of neuroprotective therapies in glaucoma: the European Glaucoma Society White Paper. Cell Tissue Res 353:347–354PubMed Tamm ER, Schmetterer L, Grehn F (2013) Status and perspectives of neuroprotective therapies in glaucoma: the European Glaucoma Society White Paper. Cell Tissue Res 353:347–354PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tang W, Zhang F, Liu K, Duan X (2019) Efficacy and safety of prostaglandin analogues in primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension patients: a meta-analysis. Medicine 98:e16597PubMedPubMedCentral Tang W, Zhang F, Liu K, Duan X (2019) Efficacy and safety of prostaglandin analogues in primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension patients: a meta-analysis. Medicine 98:e16597PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Tappeiner C, Perren B, Iliev ME, Frueh BE, Goldblum D (2008) Orbitale Fettgewebsatrophie bei lokaler Bimatoprost-Therapie – Kann Bimatoprost einen Enophthalmus verursachen? Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 225:443–445PubMed Tappeiner C, Perren B, Iliev ME, Frueh BE, Goldblum D (2008) Orbitale Fettgewebsatrophie bei lokaler Bimatoprost-Therapie – Kann Bimatoprost einen Enophthalmus verursachen? Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 225:443–445PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Uusitalo H, Pillunat LE, Ropo A (2010) Efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% versus latanoprost 0.005% eye drops in open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: 24-month results of a randomized, double-masked phase III study. Acta Ophthalmol 88:12–19PubMed Uusitalo H, Pillunat LE, Ropo A (2010) Efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% versus latanoprost 0.005% eye drops in open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: 24-month results of a randomized, double-masked phase III study. Acta Ophthalmol 88:12–19PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat van der Valk R, Webers CA, Schouten JS, Zeegers MP, Hendrikse F, Prins MH (2005) Intraocular pressure-lowering effects of all commonly used glaucoma drugs: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Ophthalmology 112:1177–1185PubMed van der Valk R, Webers CA, Schouten JS, Zeegers MP, Hendrikse F, Prins MH (2005) Intraocular pressure-lowering effects of all commonly used glaucoma drugs: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Ophthalmology 112:1177–1185PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Wand M, Gilbert CM, Liesegang TJ (1999) Latanoprost and herpes simplex keratitis. Am J Ophthalmol 127:602–604PubMed Wand M, Gilbert CM, Liesegang TJ (1999) Latanoprost and herpes simplex keratitis. Am J Ophthalmol 127:602–604PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Wareham LK, Liddelow SA, Temple S, Benowitz LI, Di Polo A, Wellington C, Goldberg JL, He Z, Duan X, Bu G, Davis AA, Shekhar K, Torre A, Chan DC, Canto-Soler MV, Flanagan JG, Subramanian P, Rossi S, Brunner T, Bovenkamp DE, Calkins DJ (2022) Solving neurodegeneration: common mechanisms and strategies for new treatments. Mol Neurodegener 17:23PubMedPubMedCentral Wareham LK, Liddelow SA, Temple S, Benowitz LI, Di Polo A, Wellington C, Goldberg JL, He Z, Duan X, Bu G, Davis AA, Shekhar K, Torre A, Chan DC, Canto-Soler MV, Flanagan JG, Subramanian P, Rossi S, Brunner T, Bovenkamp DE, Calkins DJ (2022) Solving neurodegeneration: common mechanisms and strategies for new treatments. Mol Neurodegener 17:23PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Watson PG, Barnett MF, Parker V, Haybittle J (2001) A 7 year prospective comparative study of three topical beta blockers in the management of primary open angle glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 85:962–968PubMedPubMedCentral Watson PG, Barnett MF, Parker V, Haybittle J (2001) A 7 year prospective comparative study of three topical beta blockers in the management of primary open angle glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 85:962–968PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Webers CA, Beckers HJ, Nuijts RM, Schouten JS (2008) Pharmacological management of primary open-angle glaucoma: second-line options and beyond. Drugs Aging 25:729–759PubMed Webers CA, Beckers HJ, Nuijts RM, Schouten JS (2008) Pharmacological management of primary open-angle glaucoma: second-line options and beyond. Drugs Aging 25:729–759PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Weinreb RN, Khaw PT (2004) Primary open-angle glaucoma. Lancet 363:1711–1720PubMed Weinreb RN, Khaw PT (2004) Primary open-angle glaucoma. Lancet 363:1711–1720PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Wenzel M, Schayan K, Wirbelauer C, Scharrer A, Agostini H, Cursiefen C (2021) Ambulante und stationäre Intraokularchirurgie 2020/21: Ergebnisse der aktuellen Umfrage im Corona-Jahr von BDOC, BVA, DGII und DOG. Ophthalmochirurgie 6:349–357 Wenzel M, Schayan K, Wirbelauer C, Scharrer A, Agostini H, Cursiefen C (2021) Ambulante und stationäre Intraokularchirurgie 2020/21: Ergebnisse der aktuellen Umfrage im Corona-Jahr von BDOC, BVA, DGII und DOG. Ophthalmochirurgie 6:349–357
Zurück zum Zitat Whitson JT (2007) Glaucoma: a review of adjunctive therapy and new management strategies. Expert Opin Pharmacother 8:3237–3249PubMed Whitson JT (2007) Glaucoma: a review of adjunctive therapy and new management strategies. Expert Opin Pharmacother 8:3237–3249PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Wright M, Butt Z, McIlwaine G, Fleck B (1997) Comparison of the efficacy of diclofenac and betamethasone following strabismus surgery. Brit J Ophthalmol 81:299–301 Wright M, Butt Z, McIlwaine G, Fleck B (1997) Comparison of the efficacy of diclofenac and betamethasone following strabismus surgery. Brit J Ophthalmol 81:299–301
Zurück zum Zitat Xing Y, Zhu L, Zhang K, Huang S (2020) The efficacy of the fixed combination of latanoprost and timolol versus other fixed combinations for primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 15:e229682 Xing Y, Zhu L, Zhang K, Huang S (2020) The efficacy of the fixed combination of latanoprost and timolol versus other fixed combinations for primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 15:e229682
Zurück zum Zitat Yeu E, Hauswirth S (2020) A Review of the differential diagnosis of acute infectious conjunctivitis: implications for treatment and management. Clin Ophthalmol 14:805–813PubMedPubMedCentral Yeu E, Hauswirth S (2020) A Review of the differential diagnosis of acute infectious conjunctivitis: implications for treatment and management. Clin Ophthalmol 14:805–813PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Yildirim N, Sahin A, Gultekin S (2008) The effect of latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost on circadian variation of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma 17:36–39PubMed Yildirim N, Sahin A, Gultekin S (2008) The effect of latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost on circadian variation of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma 17:36–39PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Augenerkrankungen
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Martin J. Lohse
Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c. Franz Grehn
PD Dr. med. Jörn Kuchenbecker
Copyright-Jahr
2022
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66303-5_29

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