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Clinical Autonomic Research

Erschienen in:

18.07.2018 | Review

Autonomic dysfunction in the neurological intensive care unit

verfasst von: Max J. Hilz, Mao Liu, Sankanika Roy, Ruihao Wang

Erschienen in: Clinical Autonomic Research | Ausgabe 3/2019

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Abstract

Autonomic dysfunction is common in neuro-critical care patients and may compromise the function of various organs. Among the many diseases causing or being associated with autonomic dysfunction are traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular diseases, epilepsy, Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), alcohol withdrawal syndrome, botulism and tetanus, among many others. Autonomic dysfunction may afflict various organs and may involve hyper- or hypo-activity of the sympathetic or parasympathetic system. In this short overview, we address only a small number of neuro-intensive care diseases with autonomic dysfunction. In GBS, autonomic dysfunction is frequent and may account for increased mortality rates; rapid changes between sympathetic and parasympathetic hypo- or hyper-activity may cause life-threatening cardiovascular complications. Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity occurs after brain injury, hypoxia and cerebrovascular and other events, causes paroxysmal tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnoea and hyperthermia and is associated with a poorer prognosis and prolonged intensive care treatment. Other, at times life-threatening autonomic complications with exaggerated sympathetic activity and compromised baroreflex sensitivity arise during the alcohol withdrawal syndrome triggered by abrupt cessation of alcohol consumption. Botulism and tetanus are examples of life-threatening autonomic dysfunction caused by bacterial neurotoxins. Common neurological diseases, such as epilepsy, stroke or subarachnoid haemorrhage, are also associated with autonomic dysfunction that can on occasion cause critical deterioration of disease severity and prognosis.

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Titel: Autonomic dysfunction in the neurological intensive care unit
verfasst von: Max J. Hilz
Mao Liu
Sankanika Roy
Ruihao Wang
Publikationsdatum: 18.07.2018
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Clinical Autonomic Research / Ausgabe 3/2019
Print ISSN: 0959-9851
Elektronische ISSN: 1619-1560
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-018-0545-8

Springer Medizin

Autonomic dysfunction in the neurological intensive care unit

Abstract

Neu in den Fachgebieten Neurologie und Psychiatrie

Chirurginnen und Chirurgen sind stark suizidgefährdet

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

„Restriktion auf vier Wochen Therapie bei Schlaflosigkeit ist absurd!“

Endlich: Zi zeigt, mit welchen PVS Praxen zufrieden sind

Springer Medizin

Abstract

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