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Erschienen in: Der Diabetologe 4/2015

01.06.2015 | CME Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Body-Mass-Index

verfasst von: A. Bohlen, M. Boll, M. Schwarzer, Prof. Dr. D.A. Groneberg

Erschienen in: Die Diabetologie | Ausgabe 4/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Der Body-Mass-Index (BMI) ist einer der am häufigsten verwendeten Indizes in der Medizin. Erste Bestrebungen zur Bewertung von Gesundheitsrisiken anhand des Körpergewichts gab es bereits Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts. Im Lauf der Zeit etablierte sich die 1835 von A. Quételet erstmals beschriebene Formel „Größe durch Gewicht im Quadrat“ zur Beurteilung des Ernährungszustands und zur Einschätzung individueller Krankheitsrisiken. A. Keys bezeichnete sie Anfang der 1970er Jahre als Body-Mass-Index. Aus dem BMI lässt sich zum einen die individuelle Ernährungslage des Einzelnen zur Beurteilung der entsprechenden Risikofaktoren bestimmen. Zum anderen kann auch der Ernährungsstatus in größeren Gruppen, Ländern und Kontinenten festgestellt und über die Zeit beobachtet werden. Obwohl mit dem BMI sowohl Über- als auch Unterernährung erfasst werden kann, liegt die Konzentration der Publikationen in Ländern, in denen die Adipositas mit ihren weitreichenden Folgen weiter verbreitet ist als Mangelernährung. Auch die Weltgesundheitsbehörde akzentuiert dieses Übergewicht. Bereits 1997 wurde die Notwendigkeit erkannt, international vergleichbare repräsentative Daten zu erheben, um der allgemeinen Entwicklung der Adipositas frühzeitig entgegenwirken zu können. Mittlerweile liegen zahlreiche Studien zur Ernährungslage in einzelnen Ländern vor, die mithilfe des BMI generiert wurden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Body-Mass-Index
verfasst von
A. Bohlen
M. Boll
M. Schwarzer
Prof. Dr. D.A. Groneberg
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Diabetologie / Ausgabe 4/2015
Print ISSN: 2731-7447
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7455
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11428-015-1388-8

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