Background
Biogenesis of circRNA
Molecular mechanisms
MicroRNA sponge
Protein decoy and protein scaffolds
Biological pathways
Cell proliferation
Cell apoptosis
Inflammatory responses
CircRNAs in organ injury
Organ | Types of injury | CircRNA expression pattern | Downstream regulation | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
CNS | ||||
Brain | Traumatic brain injury | circLphn3 downregulated | Improved BBB integrity and promoted inflammatory response | [43] |
circLrp1b downregulated | Inhibits inflammatory response | [45] | ||
circHtra1 upregulated | Inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis | [46] | ||
Ischemia/reperfusion injury | circCTNNB1 downregulated | Improves BBB integrity and promotes cell proliferation | [50] | |
circFOXO3 upregulated | Promotes autophagy and maintains BBB integrity | [51] | ||
circCCDC9 downregulated | Improves BBB integrity | [52] | ||
circUCK2 downregulated | Inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis | [53] | ||
circCDC14A upregulated | Promotes cell proliferation and migration | [56] | ||
circUSP36 downregulated | Inhibits cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation | [31] | ||
Spinal cord | Spinal cord injury | circHIPK3 downregulated | Inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis | [60] |
circRNA_7079 upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [63] | ||
circRNA_2960 upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response and inhibits cell apoptosis | [65] | ||
Visceral organ | ||||
Lung | Idiopathic pulomnary fibrosis | circHIPK3 upregulated | Promotes fibroblast proliferation and lung fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition | [68] |
hsa_circ_0058493 upregulated | Potential biomarker candiate | [69] | ||
Silicosis | circZC3H4 upregulated | Regulates fibroblast activation and proliferation | [71] | |
Cigarette particle-induced lung injury | circFOXO3 upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [74] | |
circRNA_0006892 downregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis and inflammatory response | [75] | ||
Pulmonary hypertension | circRNA_004592 upregulated | Promotes cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis | [79] | |
Acute lung injury | hsa_circ_0059930 upregulated | Inhibits cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation | [81] | |
circRNA_0001679 upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokines | [82] | ||
circHECTD1 downregulated | Inhibits cell apoptosis | [83] | ||
Kidney | Mesangial cell Injury | circLRP6 upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [33] |
Acute kidney injury | circ_0114428 upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [90] | |
circFANCA upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress | [91] | ||
circ_RASGEF1B upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis and inflammatory response | [92] | ||
circ_BNIP3L upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response and oxidative stress | [93] | ||
circ_0114427 upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [94] | ||
circSnrk upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis | [27] | ||
hsa_circ_010157 upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis and inflammatory response | [95] | ||
circTLK1 upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress | [96] | ||
circHIPK3 upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis and inflammatory response | [97] | ||
Ischemia/reperfusion kidney injury | circAKT3 upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis | [99] | |
circ_001839 upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [100] | ||
circ_0023404 upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis and inflammatory response | [101] | ||
Renal fibrosis | circPlekha7 downregulated | Promotes cell proliferation | [104] | |
Lupus nephritis | circHLA-C upregulated | Promotes lupus nephritis pathogenesis | [106] | |
Heart | Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury | circ_0030235 upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis | [30] |
circ_0001206 downregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis | [109] | ||
circSAMD4A upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis and inflammatory response | [110] | ||
circFOXO3 downregulated | Inhibits inflammatory response | [111] | ||
circRbms1 upregulated | Promotes FOXO1 expression | [112] | ||
circUBXN7 downregulated | Inhibits cell apoptosis and inflammatory response | [113] | ||
circPostn upregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis | [115] | ||
circHelz upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [116] | ||
Cardiac fibrosis | circNFIB downregulated | Promotes fibroblast proliferation and cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblasts differentiation | [118] | |
circRNA_000203 upregulated | Promotes α-SMA, Col1a2 and CTGF expression | [120] | ||
circHIPK3 upregulated | Promotes α-SMA, Col1a1 and Col3a1 expression | [121] | ||
Liver | Hepatic fibrosis | circPSD3 downregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [123] |
circ_0067835 upregulated | Promotes cell proliferation | [125] | ||
Hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury | circRNA_017753 downregulated | Activates Jade1 signalling pathway | [129] | |
Radiation-induced liver Injury | hsa_circ_0071410 upregulated | Promotes cell proliferation | [131] | |
circTUBD1 upregulated | Promotes inflammatory response | [133] | ||
circRSF1 upregulated | Promotes cell proliferation and inflammatory response | [136] | ||
Intestine | Intestinal injury | circRNA_Maml2 downregulated | Promotes cell proliferation, differentiation and migration | [28] |
circHIPK3 downregulated | Inhibits cell proliferation | [139] | ||
Reproductive system | ||||
Uterus and ovary | Uterus and ovary injury | circZC3H4 downregulated | Promotes cell apoptosis | [141] |
circScar upregulated | Inhibits cell proliferation | [141] |